ЮЖНЫЙ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ

СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

ПО ПРАКТИЧЕСКОЙ ГРАММАТИКЕ АНГЛИЙСКОГО ЯЗЫКА

Ростов-на-Дону

2016

УДК 811.111.81’366

ББК 81.2. Англ - 2

Ш 85

Ответственный редактор

Л.П.Шрамко, кандидат филологических наук

Рецензент

Л.А.Томашевская, кандидат филологических наук

Шрамко Л.П., Степанова Е.Н., Сборник упражнений по практической грамматике английского языка: Учебное пособие по грамматике английского языка для студентов 1 курса, обучающихся п направлению «Лингвистика». – Ростов н/Д: ЮФУ, 2016. – 123 с.

Настоящее пособие содержит упражнения по морфологии и синтаксису, направленные на развитие языковой компетенции студентов.

УДК 811.111.81’366

ББК 81.2. Англ - 2

© Шрамко Л.П., 2016

© Степанова Е.Н., 2016

NOUNS

Ex. 1 Write the following nouns in columns: a) material nouns, b) class nouns, c) abstract nouns, d) plural nouns, e) collective nouns.

Bread, money, joy, news, advice, gas, coffee, food, happiness, sheep, deer, freedom, mathematics, cards, language, sentence, scissors, trousers, scales, family, police, jeans, taxi, holidays, clothes, company, committee, glasses, furniture.

Ex. 2 Form the plural of the following nouns. Classify them according to the pronunciation of the ending -s/-es. Mind the spelling.

A seed, a tax, a discovery, a sketch, a method, an enemy, a toy, a baby, a song, a trip, a book, a step, a lock, a match, a box, a guy, a flash, a bag, a day, a rug, a sandwich, a judge, a page, a face, a watch, a chicken, a duck, an egg, a shape, a blouse, a clock, a sentence, an adjective, a noun, a preposition, a dress, a wage.

Ex. 3 Give the plurals of the following nouns.

A cow - __________, an army - ___________, a story - ___________, a tomato - ___________, a potato - __________, a box - _________, a wish - ________, a child - _______________, a wolf - ____________, a piano - _________, a tooth - _____________, a key - __________, a goose - _________, a scarf - __________, a lady - _________, a gentleman - __________, a housewife - ____________, a forget-me-not - ________________, a mother-in-law - _______________, a relative - __________.

Ex. 4 Complete the sentences with a singular or plural noun.

1. The _________ smells delicious (cake, cakes). 2. The _______ is full (box, boxes). 3. Do you know the ________ that lives next door (woman, women)? 4. Our _________ are modern (computer, computers). 5. ________ are dangerous animals (lion, lions). 6. These ________ are very funny (photo, photos). 7. _________ grow very well here (potato, potatoes).

Ex. 5 a) Write the nouns in the plural and use quantifiers from the table.

All kinds of nouns	Class nouns (countable nouns)	Material nouns
some any no a lot of lots of plenty of	some any no a lot of lots of plenty of many (a) few a number of several	some any no a lot of lots of plenty of much (a) little a good deal of

A leaf, a wish, a zoo, a knife, a rose, one tomato, one tooth, a thief, a chief, a roof, a piano, a photo, an auto, a hero, a mosquito, a goose, a mouse, a fish, a bacterium, one cactus, a crisis, a phenomenon, a butterfly, a volcano, a baby, a wolf, a scarf, a tax, a taxi, the editor-in-chief, a mother-in-law, a forget-me-not.

b) Translate into English.

1. Много воды, некоторое количество газет, масса снега, мало яблок, немного хлеба, несколько человек, какое-то количество машин, много детей. 2. Дайте мне какие-нибудь газеты. 3. В этом лесу много оленей. 4. Мы собирали ягоды летом. 5. Где твои часы? 6. Крыши черные. 7. Листья уже желтые. 8. Кто эти женщины? 9. Посмотри на этих прохожих. 10. У нее очень много денег. 11. Сегодня новости хорошие.

Ex. 6 Rewrite the following in the plural.

1.My brother is in the army. 2. The cake is delicious. 3. A bus is the best way of getting to town. 4. A lion is a dangerous animal. 5. His father is an actor. 6. A computer is expensive. 7. A train is faster than a bus. 8. This film is not suitable for children. 9. The address on the letter is wrong. 10. The letter is on the table. 11. This is a cup of tea. 12. He is a teacher. 13. This girl is an actress. 14. This is a good book. 15. This is a thick textbook. 16. That is a nice tie. 17. This woman is a doctor. 18. That girl is my niece. 19. This boy is my cousin. 20. This film is very long. 21. This play is dull. 22. This lady is our new neighbour.

Ex. 7

A. Use the following plural nouns to complete the sentences below: trousers, feelings, scissors, jeans, goods, sights, belongings, clothes, holidays.

1. He is very unhappy. Probably, we have hurt his _____. 2. She was wearing brown _____. 3. I was asked to buy a pair of _____. 4. My brother likes to wear _____. 5. Britain needs to export more ____. 6. We walked round the city to see the _____. 7. He packed all his _____ into one suitcase. 8. My _____ are soaking wet. I need to change. 9. The children aren't at school. They are on _____.

B. Use the following singular nouns to complete the sentences below: a walk, the sun, the dark, a rest, news, information, electricity, traffic, freedom, advice, help, food, water.

1. The ____ is shining brightly. 2. Why don't we go for _____. 3. Children are often scared of _____. 4. I'm tired. Let's have _____. 5. She's worried. She's got bad _____. 6. I'd like some _____ about the trains. 7. Do you cook by gas or _____? 8. The street is busy. There's so much _____. 9. He spoke about _____. 10. If you need my _____, call me. 11. I need _____ with my translation. 12. The horse needed _____ and _____.

C. Use the following collective nouns to complete the sentences below: police, family, crew, media, Spartak, audience, staff

1. The _____ are informed at once. 2. My _____ are perfectly well. 3. The _____ of the ship were saved. 4. Newspapers and other _____ are very important. 5. Do you think Moscow ______ are the best football players? 6. He didn't like the _____ at the last night's performance. 7. The office is closed. The _____ are on holiday.

Ex. 8 Use noun determiners and quantifiers where possible

1. Let's meet tomorrow. _____ time will do. 2. _____ people don't like chocolate. 3. Don't worry. There's _____ of time. 4. Would you like _____ coffee? 5. I'd like to buy _____ sugar. 6. I can't buy a car now as I have _____ money. 7. We don't have _____ time left. 8. There's _____ cheese in the refrigerator. 9. I have _____ money, I can lend you _____. 10. Did you visit _____ cities on your trip? 11. He has _____ friends. 12. I have _____ friends in the city I can ask for help. 13. I have _____ apples, so I can make an apple pie. 14. _____ of work has been done, but so _____ still remains to be done. 15. These people are rich, they have ______ money.

Ex. 9 Use the correct form of the verb given in brackets by crossing out the wrong one

1. The audience (was/were) listening attentively. 2. The jury (has/have) left for discussion. 3. The crowd (is/are) wild today. 4. The club (has/have) expelled them. 5. The committee (was/were) asked to express (its/their) opinion. 6. The crew (was/were) proud of (its/their) ship. 7. The family (is/are) all watching TV. 8. What (was/were) the choir singing when we entered? 9. The Government (go/goes) on holiday in July. 10. (Was/were) all the team young? 11. The police (was/were) working at the place of the accident. 12. The public expressed (its/their) opinion in the press.

Ex. 10 Translate the following sentences into Russian

1. Мне нужно купить хлеба. 2. Где можно купить хлеба? 3. Объясните эти явления, пожалуйста. 4. Эти данные очень интересны. 5. Вечером прохожие торопятся домой. 6. Осенью гуси и утки летят на юг. 7. На их ферме есть коровы и овцы. 8. Кошки ловят мышей. 9. У нее красивые ровные зубы. 10. Чья эта одежда? 11. Полиция уже здесь. 12. Ее советы помогают. 13. Новости довольно интересны. 14. У нее есть довольно много информации для вас.

Ex. 11 Ask questions beginning with How many or How much.

1. I've got some newspapers. 2. There are some photos here. 3. I've got some stamps. 4. I'm sure she has some money. 5. She's got some mistakes in her test. 6. She's got some letters from her friend lately. 7. There are some English books in the library. 8. There isn't enough bread at home. 9. Will you buy some coffee on the way home? 10. I want some cheese on my sandwich.

Ex. 12 Fill in the blanks with many, much, a lot, a lot of.

1. Do you drink _____ tea? 2. I've got _____ English books at home. 3. There isn't ____ milk in the refrigerator. 4. It costs _____ money to travel around the world. 5. I haven't got _____ time now. 6. How _____ foreign languages can you speak? 7. They didn't ask me _____ questions. 8. There was ____ food at the party but I didn't eat _____. 9. We saw _____ interesting things in the museum. 10. Ask George, he knows _____ about history. 11. We went on a holiday that didn't cost ______. 12. There aren't _____old buildings in this town.

Ex. 13 Answer the questions using little, a little, few, a few.

1. Have you got any money to spend? 2. Do you like any sugar with your coffee? 3. Did he ask you any questions? 4. Have we got any milk at home? 5. Does your friend speak English? 6. Do you know many people here? 7. Would you like some soup? 8. Does she make many mistakes? 9. Do you write many letters as a rule? 10. Are there many warm days in November? 11. Is there much rain in summer? 12. Is there much snow in winter? 13. Is there much time before the lesson begins? 14. Are there many hotels in our town?

Ex. 14 Put in little, a little, few, a few in the following sentences.

1. There was _____ food in the refrigerator, it was nearly empty. 2. When did you see Sara? – _____ days ago. 3. He is lazy. He does _____ work. 4. They are not rich, but they've got _____ money. 5. Last night I went to the restaurant with _____ friends. 6. I can't decide now. I need _____ time to think about it. 7. He isn't famous. Very _____ people have heard about him.

Ex. 15 Rewrite the following sentences using few, a few, little, a little, very little, as in the model:

There isn't much water left in the bottle. –

There is very little water left in the bottle.

1. There is some, but not much, water in the bottle. 2. I haven't got many English books at home. 3. She has a small number of books. 4. A small number of the children went for a walk. 5. Not many Russian people speak Spanish. 6. She doesn't spend much money on her clothes. 7. Will you have some more coffee? 8. We haven't got many friends here. 9. I don't have much time for watching TV now. 10. I'd like some more ice cream. 11. I'll buy some more of these cakes.

Ex. 16 Translate into English. Mind the use of quantifiers.

1. Очень многие старики живут одиноко. 2. У него слишком много работы сегодня. 3. На следующей неделе у него будет меньше работы? 4. Боюсь, что не смогу сделать много, у меня очень мало времени. 5. Он положил в чай много сахара и налил совсем мало молока. Мне очень понравился этот его чай. 6. В нашем классе много девочек, но совсем мало мальчиков. 7. Если вы уделите мне немного времени, у меня есть несколько предложений. 8. Он так старался помочь, что делал больше вреда, чем пользы. 9. Ты пропустил несколько занятий и очень мало продвигаешься в учебе. 10. Здесь меньше деревьев, чем в парке. 11. Они проводят очень много времени вместе. 12. Эта машина потребляет меньше горючего (fuel). 13. У него куча денег, но очень мало друзей. 14. Он требовал массу внимания. 15. Не хотите ли несколько яблок? 16. Очень немного людей могут жить на такие небольшие деньги. 17. Она всегда покупает массу продуктов перед Днем Благодарения.

Ex. 17 Make as many sentences as you can, using the table below. Mind that you can use nouns in the possessive case to denote a building, a business or a place without using such nouns as office, shop, house, etc. E.g. I met him at the butcher's.

We buy	medicines tea and coffee fish and oysters sugar and bread pads and paper parsley and garlic oranges meat	at the grocer's at the greengrocer's at the fishmonger's at the chemist's at the stationer's at the butcher's at the baker's
We have our	clothes cleaned hair cut teeth filled lunch	at the hairdresser's at the barber's at the cleaner's at the dentist's at McDonald's

Ex. 18 Change the following sentences using the possessive case of the nouns according to the model:

Model: We had to wait for five minutes. – There was five minutes' wait. There was a five-minute wait.

1. There's only a mile to walk from here. 2. He had to wait for two hours before the manager accepted him. 3. The meeting lasted for three hours. 4. They travelled fifty miles to take part in the competition. 5. It took us a week to prepare for the performance. 6. We had to wait ten minutes. 7. It cost 10 pounds. 8. I asked her to buy an ice cream that cost 8 rubles. 9. The reporters were granted an interview with the president that lasted twenty minutes. 10. The test that we wrote last week was easier than that this week. 11. It took the scientists six months to find out the cause of the epidemic. 12. The flight lasted two hours and a half. 13. The airplane covered the distance of 10 000 miles.

Ex. 19 Replace the possessive pronouns by the possessive case of the nouns in brackets.

1. Her reign began more than fifty years ago (Queen Elizabeth II). 2. Her death shocked the world (Princess Diana). 3. Her birthday was widely celebrated in Great Britain (Queen Mother). 4. His speech impressed the audience (the Lord Mayor of London). 5. It was his best interview (the BBC reporter). 6. She was his secretary (the President of the Trade Company). 7. We liked their last film very much (Johnson and Hardy). 8. It is her dog (the lady next door). 9. Their toys were scattered all over the place (the little twins of my neighbour). 10. It was his last interview before retirement (the Minister of Foreign Affairs). 11. Her dog scared the robber (my mother-in-law). 12. Their products are always of fine quality (Johnson and Johnson).

Ex. 20 Read and translate the following sentences.

1. He had a hair's-breadth escape. 2. They kept at arm's length. 3. The children ate the lion's share of ice cream. 4. From here you can get a bird's-eye view of Moscow. 5. Don't rely on him. He is tied to his mother's apron strings. 6. I can still see her pretty face in my mind's eye. 7. It's old wives' tale. 8. This fat cat's supermarket brings him super profits. 9. People who don't know him think he is a wolf in sheep's clothing. 10. The news was not penetrating the bird's feathers. 11. She never takes criticism personally. For her criticism is like water off a duck's back. 12. The scientists thought that they had discovered a new element but later it proved to be nothing, but fool's gold.