VII. Vowels in unstressed position

№	position	pronunciation	examples	exceptions
1	A	[ə]	library, alive, delegate
2	before L at the end	isn’t pronounced	signal [ˈsıgnl]
3	AGE at the end ACE at the end ATE at the end of verbs	[ıʤ] [əs] или [ıs] [eıt]	courage [ˈkʌrıʤ]; palace to delegate	garage [ˈgærɑ:ʒ]
4	E	[ı]	pocket, escape	cafe [ˈkæfeı]
5	in the combinations EL /EN at the end	isn’t pronounced	seven [ˈsevn], parcel [ˈpɑ:sl]
6	I	[ı]	rabbit, invite
7	in IL at the end	isn’t pronounced	evil [ˈi:vl]
8	O	[ə]	pilot
9	O at the end	[ɜʊ]	potato
10	in OL / ON at the end	isn’t pronounced	lesson [ˈlesn]
11	U	[ə]	difficult
12	U+ consonant + mute E at the end	[ju:]	institute	minute ['mınıt]
13	Y at the end of verbs Y, EY, LY at the end of adjectives, adverbs and nouns	[aı] [ı]	to classify, to multiply, to analyse pretty, city, early monkey	ally ['ælaı]
14	digraphs: in the suffix OUS AI / EI	[ə] [ə] or [ı]	famous mountain, foreign
IN THE NOUN AND ADJECTIVE SUFFIXES
15	AR ER / RE OR /OUR UR / YR	[ə]	collar, teacher, theatre doctor, colour Arthur, martyr
16	SION SSION SURE SSURE	[ʒn] [ʃn] [ʃn] [ʒə] [ʃə]	illusion, pension expression pleasure pressure
17	TURE TION TIAL	[ʧə] [ʃn] [ʃəl]	picture revolution essential

Ex. 18. Transcribe the words and read them. Mind unstressed vowels.

meagre, grammar, kindness, partial, decision, mansion, mention, measure, nature, melon, devil, donkey, photo, motor, motto, bulbous, money, multitude, minute, mixture, distant, metre, author, substitute, parlour, honey, afraid, beggar, likeness, rapid, mirror, marrow, director, manager, lifeless, division, aggression, treasure, sure, puncture, even, coffee, cafe.

REVISION EXERCISES

Ex. 19. Read the words. Mind the stress.

correct, historic, operation, galaxy, satisfaction, tendency, funeral, synthetic, comic, determination, ecology, nature, natural, nation, national, international, typical, advert, advertise, advertisement, cleanliness, unique, universe, university, generation, realistic, amuse, result, television, intensify, experiment, apologize, industry, industrial, logic.

Ex. 20. Read the words.

choir, sandwich, suite, cleanliness, chute, answer, sword, sausage, height, nephew, sew, donkey, mon­key, year, were, where, wear, biscuit, busy, clerk, engineer, journalist, housewife, lawyer, drawing, photographer, auxiliary, soldier, salesman, usual, clothes, cloths, colleague, college, south, southern, course, cause, close, to close, Santa Claus, fiancé, handsome, moustache, surprise, eyebrows, image, magazine, hotel, Christmas, desert, dessert, house, houses, cough, though.

Ex. 21. Read the words.

Chinese, Portuguese, Arabic, Tokyo, Japan, Japanese, Oslo, Polish, Egypt, Danish, Sweden, Swedish, Spanish, Switzerland, the Sahara, the Mediterranean, Australia, the Thames, Panama, the Suez Canal, the Channel, the Baltic Sea, the Canaries, the Bahamas, the Himalayas, the Bermudas, the Caucasus, the Crimea, the Urals, Helsinki, Europe, Asia.

Ex. 22. Find the odd man out.

1. m ost host cost toast coast;

2. great threat head said breath;

3. aren’t aunt laugh heart fault;

4. foam soul shoulder broad load;

5. bull bush push pull fuss;

6. chain chute cheat chief chat;

7. call laugh raft draught rough;

8. tough rough love cough tuft;

9. steak make straight eight height;

10. through brought caught naughty raw;

11. soldier gym gift jacket wages;

12. steer real seal here fear;

13. there where were their bear;

14. heir hour honesty honour hostel;

15. few sew view suit flute;

16. fable table able baffle maple;

17. low cow crown shout bough;

18. phone pheasant Philip nephew philosophy;

19. chaste paste fast haste waist;

20. oven love move glove dove;

21. plead suite heed mete build;

22. good foot boot wood stood;

23. flood food hood soot toot;

24. was wax wall what wand;

25. water ought autumn sausage quartet;

26. folk coke oak balk soak;

27. worm ward word work worth;

28. these geese rose ease advise;

29. tour moor sour bluer sure;

30. beauty newt through cute foot;

31. year were sir fur pear;

32. Thames taste tear castle Thomas;

33. whistle thistle castle cattle bustle;

34. single singer longer English finger;

SUPPLEMENT 2. ORIGINAL CONVERSATIONAL ENGLISH IN DIALOGUES