Грамматический блок

Past Simple

Прошедшее неопределенное время (анг. Past Indefinite, Past Simple) передает действия, происходящие в прошлом, при этом время действия точно не определено и не ограничено. Такое действие происходило обычно или постоянно. Также данное время употребляется для изложения последовательных событий.

Образование форм глагола

Форма большинства глаголов в данном времени (т.н. 2-я форма глагола) образуется путем прибавления окончания -ed к инфинитиву глагола без частицы to (т.е. к 1-ой форме глагола). Кроме этого, есть глаголы, которые имеют особую форму для данного времени. Такие глаголы называются неправильными.

При образовании 2-й формы правильных глаголов применяются следующие правила орфографии:

• если в конце глагола стоит буква -e, то она выпадает при добавлении окончания -ed

• если глагол заканчивается на согласную с последующей буквой y, то конечная буква y меняется на i при добавлении окончания -ed

• если глагол заканчивается на краткую гласную с последующей согласной, то конечная согласная удваивается при добавлении окончания -ed

Для образования вопросительной и отрицательной форм смысловых глаголов используется форма прошедшего времени вспомогательного глагола to do - did, при этом сам глагол ставится в 1-ю форму. Ниже представлены повествовательные, вопросительные и отрицательные формы глагола to work.

Утвердительная форма
1 л.	I worked	we worked
2 л.	you worked	you worked
3 л.	he she it worked	they worked
Отрицательная форма
1 л.	I did not work	we did not work
2 л.	you did not work	you did not work
3 л.	he she it did not work	they did not work
Вопросительная форма
1 л.	Did I work?	Did we work?
2 л.	Did you work?	Did you work?
3 л.	Did he she it work	Did they work

Exercise 1.Раскройте скобки, употребляя гла­голы в Present или Past Simple.

1. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock every day. 2. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock yesterday. 3. My brother (to wash) his face every morning. 4. Yesterday he (to wash) his face at a quarter past seven. 5. I (not to have) history lessons every day. 6. We (not to rest) yesterday. 7. My brother (not to drink) cof­fee yesterday. 8. My mother always (to take) a bus to get to work, but yesterday she (not to take) a bus. Yesterday she (to walk) to her office. 9. You (to talk) to the members of your family every day? - Yes, I .... But yesterday I (not to talk) to them: I (to be) very busy yesterday. 10. You (to come) home at six o'clock yesterday? - No, I .... Yes­terday I (to come) home from school at half past eight. I (to be) very tired. I (to have) dinner with my family. After dinner I (to be) very thirsty. I (to drink) two cups of tea. Then I (to rest). 11. Your sister (to go) to school every day? - - Yes, she ....

Exercise 2.Выберите правильный вариант вопроса

1. Did Bill at home last night? Did Bill was at home last night? Did Bill be at home last night? Was Bill at home last night? 2. Who did be at home last night? Who was at home last night? Who did at home last night? Who did was at home last night? 3. When did Bill at home? When did Bill was at home? When was Bill at home? When did Bill be at home? 4. Who cleaned clothes last night? Who did cleaned clothes last night? Who was cleaned clothes last night? Who did clean clothes last night? 5. When Bill cleaned his clothes? When did Bill cleaned his clothes? When was Bill cleaned his clothes? When did Bill clean his clothes? 6. What he did first? What was he do first? What was he did first? What did he do first? 7. Where he put them? Where was he put them? Where he was put them? Where did he put them? 8. Why he placed them in the dryer? Why did he place them in the dryer? Why was he placed them in the dryer? Why did he placed them in the dryer? 9. Was he folded them after that? Did he folded them after that? Did he fold them after that? Was he fold them after that? 10. Was Bill proud? Did Bill was proud? Was Bill did proud? Did Bill proud? 11. Why he was proud? Why did he proud? Why was he proud? Why he proud?

Exercise 3.Переведите текст на русский язык

Bill was at home last night. He cleaned his clothes. First he put them in the washer. Next he added soap. Later he placed the clothes in the dryer. Then he folded them. Bill was very proud he did it himself.