2 Answer the following questions

1 What are rites connected with?

2 What does the author say about entertainment?

3 How did the term "rites of passage" appear?

4 What are the three major elements of rites?

5 Is there a unanimous classification of rites?

6 What classification does the author suggest? How do the groups of ceremonies overlap?

7 What are examples of life-cycle ceremonies?

8 What does the text say about childbirth?

9 What are other ritual observances that fall into life-cycle ceremonies group?

3 Match the definitions below to the highlighted words

1. a way of achieving, producing, or expressing something

2. a very small amount of something that still exists after most of it has gone

3. someone who has died

4. (of a society) not having a written language

5. can be detected or observed as being separate or different from something else

6. following one after another without an interruption

7. an important event in the development or history of something or in someone's life

8. the quality of behaving mentally and emotionally like an adult

9. the process of having babies, producing young, or producing new plants

10. to invent a new word or expression, or to use one in a particular way for the first time

11. an interruption in the usual way that a system, process, or event works

12. able to read and write

13. a custom in some cultures in which when a child is born the father takes to bed as if bearing the child and submits himself to fasting, purification, or taboos

14. a Christian ceremony in which a person has water poured on their head, or is covered for a very short time in water, in order to show that that person has become a member of the Christian Church

15. to have existed since a time in the past

16. to fail to notice or consider something or someone

17. the act of setting or keeping apart

18. the stage of pregnancy when a woman has pain in the lower part of her body because the baby is coming out

19. a group of people who have the same job or interest

20. believed to be something, or likely to be true, based on the information that you have

21. easily noticed or obvious

22. an occasion when someone is formally introduced into a new job or organization, especially through a special ceremony

23. an important religious ceremony in the Christian Church

24. a ceremony in some churches by which women after childbirth are received in the church with prayers, blessings, and thanksgiving

25. to remove or destroy something, especially something thatshows that that person or thing ever existed or happened

26. the act or ceremony of making someone a priest or other religious leader

27. the time when someone matures emotionally, or in some other way

28. a change from one form or type to another, or the process by which this happens

29. consolidating two or more things again; union in (or into) one body again

30. relating to, or being an intermediate state, phase, or condition

31. the act of removing from a person, usually by a ceremony, the bad effects that they are suffering or freeing from guilt or moral or ceremonial blemish

32. to have some parts that are the same

33. the act of obeying a law or following a religious custom