Вариант IV

Задание 1. Спишите данный текст и переведите его письменно на русский язык.

What is Soil Conservation?

Soil conservation is the application on the land of all necessary measures in proper combinations to build up and maintain soil productivity for efficient, abundant agricultural production on a sustained basis.

Soil conservation, therefore, means proper land uses, protecting the land against all the forms of soil deterioration. It is rebuilding eroded and depleted soils, conserving moisture for plant use. It includes proper agricultural drainage and irrigation where needed and other measures which contribute to maximum practical yields and conserve the soils for future uses – all at the same time.

With proper management, most soil resources can be used and still retain their productive capacity over long periods of time. The problem of conserving these resources is thus one of accepting practices that permit their effective use while at the same time safeguarding their productive capacity over time. Soil conservation is a matter of good land use and management.

The State Land Use Planning provides a system of using and managing land based on the capabilities of the land itself, involving the application of the best measures or practices known, and designed to result in the greatest production without damage to the land. The State Land Use Control of Land Uses has to secure the wise uses of soil resources. The land users must show care in selecting their production practices so as to secure the practicable return. They also must show comparable care in choosing and timing the conservation investments and practices which are used to build up and maintain the productivity of soils.

The State Land Use Control provides the control of all the land uses. The land users should accept practices that do not damage the soils and permit their effective use. To build up and maintain the productivity of the soils is their prime concern.

A special problem arises with soil erosion. Rapid soil destruction means irreparable loss of land at least as far as cropping is concerned. Soil conservation is directed against the destructive effects of wind and water. The land use planners should keep the soils in such shape that they would remain productive as long as possible.

Задание 2. Задайте письменно один и три специальных вопроса к тексту.

Задание 3. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык, заполняя пропуски соответствующими модальными глаголами.

1. If you want to plant a tree you … dig the ground, loosen it and water it.

2. I … return the book to the library.

3. The planners … projekt tree shelterbelts and strip cropping for wind and water erosion control.

4. I … Find this material only yesterday.

Задание 4. Переведите письменно данные предложения, обращая внимание на неличные формы глагола.

1. The scientists worked mush to improve soil fertility.

2. Being used for different purposes, these plants are cultivated in many countries.

3. We translated the text without using a dictionary.

4. The construction of the new irrigation canal is to be finished by the end of August.

5. There are different ways of solving this problem.

Задание 5. Преобразуйте предложения из действительного залога в страдательный. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. They discussed this problem at the meeting.

2. People speak English all over the world.

3. The Circumferential route connects the various parks and open spaces streets and avenues.

Задание 6. Переведите предложения с русского на английский язык.

1. Землеустроитель должен знать потенциальные возможности каждого вида землепользования.

2. Существуют некоторые общие проблемы восстановления и улучшения земель.

3. Разработка землеустроительных документов связана с оценкой земли.

Задание 7. Подберите антонимы к следующим словам.

narrow, legal, subordinate, fortunately, reclaimable.