Lesson 2 family relations. Household chores
Activity 3. Step 1.
CARD A Nuclear Family (The Formal Type)
A nuclear family is considered to be the most traditional family, consisting of a mother, a father, and children. People think that this family type is the ideal one to raise children. It is believed that children are more stable from the two-parent structure and get more opportunities due to financial ease of the two adults. |
nuclear family – ядерна, основна родина, що складається з голови родини, дружини й дітей не в шлюбі) consist of - складатися з is considered to (be) (від consider) – вважається to raise – виховувати (bring up) stable – (емоційно) стійкий, урівноважений, повноцінний = emotionally well-balanced opportunity – можливість = prospects financial ease – свобода (в засобах до існування, фінансова) = being well-to-do |
....................................................................................... Single Parent Family (Mostly the Breadwinner Parent)
A |
.............................................. adult – доросла людина breadwinner – годувальник (a certain family's main wage-earner) assistance – допомога = aid = help spouse – чоловік/дружина, = husband/wife separation– розлучення (у значення проживання нарізно, не разом, без офіційного розлучення) divorce – розлучення couple – пара referred to as - називається to adopt – усиновляти |
single parent (also termed “a lone parent or sole parent”) is
the one who takes care of a child, without the assistance
of the other (usually biological) parent. Single parent families
are often the result of death of a spouse,
separation,
or divorce
of a couple
with children. There is another case
when adults who want children but do not have a partner, adopt
kids – usually referred to as “single parent adoption”.
C Grandparent-led Family (The Wrinkled Affection) Some grandparents raise their grandchildren today. Reasons can be varied, like parents’ death, or unfit parents, or when both the parents work. Many grandparents need to go back to their working phase for finding a source of income to raise their grandchildren.
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wrinkled – зморщений
varied – різноманітний = various = diverse = different
unfit – негідний, що не виконує належним чином свої зобов’язання = incompetent = incapable income – прибуток = profit separate – відділений to merge – об’єднати = unite to lead to – призводити до
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ARD
B
Blended and Step Family (Sometimes the Black Sheep Type)
T |
blended – мішаний step family – зведена сім’я merging into - злитися в, стати одним цілим з mundane– звичайний, повсякденний, буденний = ordinary divorce– розлучення thereby– у такий спосіб, таким чином previous– попередній = former unrelated – некровний, біологічно не рідний owingto – через adjustment – призвичаювання (одне до одного), обопільне узгодження (інтересів, поглядів, уподобань), “притирання” issue – питання, проблема = matter = question |
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CARD C Extended Family (The More, The Merrier)
A |
extended – розширений immediate family – батьки та їхні діти enlarge beyond - виходити за межі likewise – і далі подібні roof – дах pros – переваги, = advantages, антонім: cons secure – спокійний, захищені
due to – завдяки guidance – керівництво to share – ділити to maintain – підтримувати = to support values – цінності |
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Childless Family (Child-free Companions)
W |
couple – пара
to intend – мати намір
forgotten (від forget) – забутий
society – суспільство
to own – мати, володіти
external – зовнішній
substitute – заміна |
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wo
separate
families merging
into one new unit leads
to
the creation of a blended
or step
family.
Step families are becoming mundane
in America. Over half of the marriages end in divorce,
and many of these individuals prefer getting remarried, thereby
creating the step family. It can consist of a new husband and a
wife, and their children from previous
relationships or marriages. In blended ones, biologically
unrelated
children may live together. These families tend to have more
problems, owing
to
the adjustments
and discipline issues.
They need to learn to work together.
n
extended
family is the one that enlarges beyond the immediate
family
which can consist of grandparents, uncles, aunts, cousins, and
likewise,
living under a single roof.
There are certain pros
to such family groups. The members (especially children) feel
more secure
and safe due
to
elder guidance
and sharing
of resources during a crisis, and have more role models to help
maintain
desired etiquette and values.
hile
most people think of a family as including children, there are
couples
who are very young and intend
to have children later, or those who cannot, or choose not to
have children. This type is sometimes called the “forgotten
family”, as it does not meet the traditional definition of
family set by society.
It has been observed that many of the childless families own
pets or have external
contacts with their nieces and nephews as a substitute
for having their own children.
CARD D Same-sex Marriage/Parents
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adult – доросла людина
to conceive – завагітніти, зачати = to get pregnant
assisted – зроблений з чиєю-небудь допомогою
case– випадок
gestational – не споріднений генетично, що виношує дитину від інших батьків через запліднення в пробірці
female– жіночого роду
male– чоловічого роду
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African-American Family Structure
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........................................ to shape – утворювати
poverty – бідність, злиденність = poorness
recent – нещодавній
extended – (розширена) родина з різними (далекими) родичами, із представниками різних поколінь
hierarchical – ієрархічний
likelyto – імовірно
strict– суворий = rigid = stern community – спільнота |
Families
in which the couples are Lesbian or Gay choose to raise children.
Adults
may bring children from an ex-heterosexual relationship, or may
have been adopted or conceived
by assisted
reproductive technologies. There can be cases
like one parent being the genetic one and the other parent
adopting the child. At
other
times, one is the gestational
parent, while the other is the genetic parent. According to
reports, there are about 66% of female
same-sex couples and 44% of male
same-sex couples who live with children under 18 years of age.
Some
of the influences that shape
the dynamic African-American families are racism, poverty,
migration during 20th
century, or recent
immigration. Generally, these are extended
families, and so are more hierarchical,
and likely to be strict,
following a certain standard in behavior and discipline. The
African-American children are mostly in contact with their male
cousins, uncles, and other men in their community,
even if their biological father is not present.