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4. Match the words from the text with their definitions (a-j).

• folliculitis 1____ • salmonella 2____ • botulism 3___ • cramps 4____ • otitis media 5____ • diphtheria 6____ • sleepiness 7____ • resistance 8____ • chickenpox 9____ • lymphocyte 10____

a) a painful spasmodic muscular contraction

b) an acute contagious disease caused by bacillus Corynebacterium diphtheriae

c) the ability of a microorganism to withstand the effects of a drug that are lethal to most members of its species

d) inflammation of a follicle, especially of a hair follicle

e) a disease of the nervous system acquired from spoiled foods in which botulin is present, especially improperly canned foods

f) nearly colorless blood cells including B cells and T cells

g) any of several rod-shaped bacteria that enter the digestive tract in contaminated food causing food poisoning

h) drowsiness

i) an infection of the middle ear space behind the eardrum

j) a common and extremely infectious childhood disease also called varicella

Writing

5. Complete the sentences with the words and phrases in the box.

disease-causing microorganisms swollen and crusted salmonella botulism diarrhea food poisoning antibiotics vaccines active immunity passive immunity

1. Nausea and vomiting together with headache and extreme fatigue usually accompany __________________________________.

2. Deadly _______________outbreaks can be prevented by regular and thorough control of the food products by their manufacturers.

3. The release of toxins in the human body triggers ________________________.

4. ____________________________make you feel unwell if you swallow, inhale or come into contact with them.

5. When ready antibodies are introduced into the human organism ___________________develops.

6. The patient was diagnosed with ____________________after he had eaten canned or marinated foods.

7. If the immune system is stimulated by weakened or killed infectious agents _________________________ is induced.

8. Psoriasis manifests itself by _______________________skin.

9. ____________________ must be available in all Ukrainian hospitals to ensure safe and effective vaccination of the population.

10.After taking _____________________the patient experiences intestinal dysfunction.

6. Are these statements true (t), false (f)? Write true sentences.

1. Infectious diseases form a group of illnesses caused by smoking and alcohol abuse. (T/F)

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

2. Infectious diseases can not be easily contracted. (T/F)

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

3. Common bacterial skin infections are manifested by rash, bumps, and sores, red, swollen and crusted skin. (T/F)

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

4.  Foodborne and waterborne bacterial infections are transmitted with blood and body fluids (T/F)

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

5. Sexually transmitted infections can cause serious damage to the reproductive system. (T/F)

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

6. Harmful bacteria stay dormant and do not release any toxins internally. (T/F)

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

7. Antibiotics are medications that fight viral infections. (T/F)

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

8. A vaccine that contains weakened or killed microorganisms or toxins stimulates the immune system cells to attack the infectious agents by producing antibodies. (T/F)

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

9. Vaccines are usually administered by inhalations, but some are given sublingually. (T/F)

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

10. Antiviral drugs work only against specific viruses. (T/F)

__________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

Speaking

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