Grammar review the verbals

The forms of the Verbals or the non-finite forms of the verb

Non-finite forms	The Infinitive		The Gerund		The first Participle \ Participle I
Voice Aspect	Active	Passive	Active	Passive	Active	Passive
An indefinite form	to do to play	to be done to be played	doing playing	being done being played	doing playing	being done being played
A perfect form	to have done to have played	to have been done have been played	having done having played	having been done having been played	having done having played	having been done having been played
A continuous form	to be doing to be playing
A perfect continuous form	to have been doing have been playing

Note: The Second Participle or Participle II has got the single form done \ played, and denotes the passive meaning either of a simultaneous action\state (1) or a prior action to that of the predicate verb (2). 1. She found the door locked. Looking rather alarmed, she rushed out of the room. I made my way to the parked car. The streets, deserted, looked frightening. I was cold and too excited to talk about it. You are constantly seen drunk. She stood with her arms folded. He stood staring at that creature with the dyed hair, painted face.

2. Suddenly touched, she came over to the farther. Alfred, left alone, stood motionless for some minutes. When asked, he answered that it would take them about a week.

The Infinitive

The infinitives are the to-infinitive (He promised to help me) and the bare infinitive (I must leave now).

We use the to-infinitive:

• to express purpose. I woke up early to catch the morning train.

• after adjectives such as advice, agree, appear, decide, expect, hope, offer, promise, refuse, seem, want, etc. They decided to sell their old car.

• after certain verbs such as nice, sorry, glad, happy, afraid, easy, difficult, etc. It’s easy to learn how to drive a car.

• after would prefer. I would prefer to live in the country.

• after too and enough. He’s too young to cross the street. I’ve saved enough money to buy a car.