Enterprises of tourist sphere.

1. Tourist industry includes enterprises of different kinds.

2. Tour operators and travel agencies are the central tourism enterprises – they create and sell tourist product.

3. Hotels, rest-homes, sanatoriums provide accommodation and treatment for tourists.

4. The next large group is catering facilities – these are restaurants, canteens and bars of various kind.

5. Transportation is very important in tourism, thus it forms another brunch in tourism sphere. Tourists use all kinds of transportation – railway, road, air and water one.

6. Entertainment industry is also involved in tourist sphere. It’s used by holidaymakers and those who go on treatment.

The contribution of tourist industry into the economy of the country economic and social role of tourism

1. Tourist industry is a complex network of business involved in lodging, transportation, catering, entertainment of travelers.

2. Travel and tourism are the largest employers in most countries. There are employment opportunities in hotels, tour agencies, restaurants and shops, transportation, entertainment facilities.

3. Tourists spend money which create national revenue. There are different types of tourism: business t., green t., holiday-making t., visiting relatives and friends. Even if tourists do not pay for accommodation and meals, for example when they visit relatives and friends, but then they are more likely to spend more on shopping, sightseeing and entertainment.

4. Tourism also has big cultural effect. Many people visit other countries on order to see a different culture. It leads to contacts and exchange of different cultures. This experience enriches both tourists and the place they visit.

5. But tourism also has negative effects. It may lead to contamination of areas and also have negative economic effects. To eliminate negative effects each country should have laws which would regulate tourist activity.

History of tourism

1. In Ancient times only the richest ones could afford traveling as it took as a lot of time and provision. One of the strongest impacts for traveling was commercial aim: people needed to trade. Also tribes were traveling in search of new lands for settlement and for pastures for their sheep and cattle.

2. In Medieval times people were traveling for religious motives. At this time travel was also increasing in the eastern part of the world, particularly in China.

3. Later the most powerful motive for traveling was the desire to explore the world. Thus Christopher Columbus in late XVth century laid the beginning for the great age of exploration.

4. In the 17^th and 18^th centuries people traveled for artistic purposes.

5. The Industrial Revolution in 19^th century drastically changed the nature of traveling. It made traveling fast and consequently generated rapid growth of it.

The development of tourist industry in ukraine

1. The specific geographical position and landscapes, favourable climatic conditions, rich historical, cultural and recreational potential makes Ukraine favourable area for the development of tourism. Tourism in Ukraine is a new industry, it’s just entering the market now. State authorities try to pay attention to the development of tourism sector, thus in 1993 State Committee on Tourism was established and the Law “On tourism” has been adopted.

2. Besides legislative basis, our country develops tourist education to have well trained specialists in this sphere. Our Institute is on of the examples.

3. Many tour operators and travel agencies appear in our country. Employment in this sphere is increasing.

4. For further development of tourism the attraction of investments is very important.