- •Exercise
- •"If and when - clauses"
- •Complex Object with the Infinitive
- •Complex Subject with the Infinitive
- •Страдательный залог - passive voice
- •Exercise
- •Modal auxiliaries
- •Побудительные глаголы
- •Formulas for conditions
- •Unreal conditions
- •После следующих глаголов для передачи приказа, просьбы, предложений и т.Д.
- •После безличных оборотов:
- •Запомните еще несколько выражений из этой группы.
- •В подчиненных предложениях образа действия
- •Согласование времен
- •Степени сравнения – Degrees of Comparison
- •Двойное сравнение Double Comparatives
- •Сравнение из двух
- •Parallel structures
- •Verb - phrases used to / be used to
- •Present
- •Наречие в начале предложения
- •Предлоги – Prepositions
- •Placement test: 2
- •Intermediate points
- •Practice test: 1
- •Practice test: 2
- •Practice test: 4
- •Practice test: 5
- •Practice test: 6
- •Practice test: 9
- •Translate into English
- •Practice test: 10
- •Practice test: 11
- •Practice test: 12 Grammar Test
- •Vocabulary Test
- •Practice test: 13 Grammar Test
- •Vocabulary Test
- •Vocabulary Test
- •Vocabulary Test
- •Vocabulary Test
- •Practice test: 17 Grammar Test
- •Vocabulary Test
- •Practice test: 18 Grammar Test
- •Vocabulary Test
- •Practice test: 19 Grammar Test
- •Vocabulary Test
- •Practice test: 20 Grammar Test
- •Vocabulary Test
- •Practice test: 21 Grammar Test
- •Vocabulary Test
- •Practice test: 22 Grammar Test
- •Vocabulary Test
- •Vocabulary Test
- •Vocabulary Test
- •Practice test: 25 Grammar Test
- •Vocabulary Test
- •Practice test: 26 Grammar Test
- •Vocabulary Test
- •Practice test: 27 Grammar Test
- •Vocabulary Test
- •Practice test: 28 Grammar Test
- •Vocabulary Test
- •Practice test: 29 Grammar Test
- •Vocabulary Test
- •Vocabulary Test
Тимошенко Ж. I., Левенецька Л. Й., Шкіль Н. О.
English Grammar in use
Граматичний практикум
для подготовки до кандидатського іспиту
Дніпропетровськ
2004
HINTS TO STUDENTS
This section has been especially prepared to help students in their work with their understanding of and appreciation for grammar and the incorporation into their correct writing.
All the grammar principles included have explanations and examples. Do most of the reading of explanations and the exercise at class. Use your class periods to practice grammar orally, to ask questions, and to elaborate on similar but different grammatical structures.
When you read in or outside of class or when you listen to student, notice grammar in action. Remember that each point you study in grammar opens the door to saying and writing a hundred different sentences with the same grammar principle.
Understanding English grammar opens the road to better speech and better composition. It opens the door to understanding literature and to your own language, its complexities and its beauty.
TENSES
1 |
SIMPLE |
Present |
always, sometimes, usually, often, every day am, is, are; have, has; do, does; study, studies; go, goes |
2 |
Past |
yesterday, 2 days ago, last year, in the morning, in 1992 was, were; had; did; studied; went |
|
3 |
Future |
tomorrow, in 2 days, next year, in 2010 will + be; have; do; study; go |
4 |
CONTINUOUS (вспом. глагол "be") |
Present |
now, at present moment, still (все еще) am is + глагол + ing are |
5 |
Past |
yesterday at 2 o'clock, when I came, while, он писал was + глагол + ing were |
|
6 |
Future |
tomorrow at 2 o'clock will + be + глагол + ing |
7 |
PERFECT (вспом. глагол "have") |
Present |
already, just, for (2 hours), since(1992), not ... yet, today, this year, never, ever have + глагол в III форме has |
8 |
Past |
yesterday by 2 o'clock, when he came, я уже писала had + глагол в III форме |
|
9 |
Future |
tomorrow by 2 o'clock will + have + глагол в III форме |
10 |
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE |
have + been + глагол + ing has We have been living in this town for 10 years already. |
|
||
11 |
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE |
had + been + глагол в III форме It had been raining for 2 hours when we left the theatre. |
Exercise
Use the correct verb tense for the various words and phrases.
1. He (write) a book. (now)
(several years ago)
(when I spoke to him)
(next year)
2. She (apply) for a visa. (already)
(in a few days)
(last month)
(not... yet)
3. They (live) in that house. (since 1990)
(when the war began)
(but now they have moved)
(now)
4. He (send) her flowers. (often)
(but he doesn't any more)
(last week)
(every day since they met)
5. The boy (study) hard. (when the phone rang)
(since 8:00)
(usually)
(for the last two hours, and now he's tired)
6. The man (deliver) the package. (this morning)
(not... yet)
(now)
(already)
7. He (work) in a hospital. (three days a week)
(but now he works in a factory)
(when I last saw him)
(for the past two years)
8. He (take) the bus. (every day)
(but now he walks)
(yesterday)
(tomorrow afternoon)
9. They (see) a movie. (two days ago)
(every now and then)
(rarely)
(three times this past week)
10. She (play) the piano. (but now she plays the violin)
(when we came in)
(for the last two hours)
(when she was a child)
"If and when - clauses"
If |
- если |
(только) ... Present
(никогда) will would |
Unless |
- если не |
|
Even if |
- даже если |
|
In case |
- в случае если |
|
- на случай если |
||
Provided |
- при условии |
|
Providing |
- при условии |
|
As soon as |
- как только |
|
Once |
- как только |
|
Before |
- прежде |
|
After |
- после того |
|
When |
- когда |
|
As long as |
- пока |
|
While |
- пока |
|
Until |
- до тех пор, пока не |
|
Till |
- до тех пор, пока |
Complex Object with the Infinitive
(Объектный падеж с инфинитивом)
forbid |
- запрещать |
mе you him her us them Peter my friend |
to do |
order |
- приказывать |
||
allow |
- позволять |
||
promise |
- обещать |
||
advise |
- советовать |
||
remind |
- напоминать |
||
expect |
- предполагать |
||
wish |
- желать |
||
convince |
- убеждать |
||
persuade |
- убеждать |
||
force |
- принуждать |
||
want |
- (would like) |
||
hire |
- нанимать |
||
instruct |
- давать указания |
||
ask |
- просить |
||
wait for |
- ожидать |
||
beg |
- умолять |
||
offer |
- предлагать |
||
permit |
- разрешать |
||
urge |
- призывать |
||
help |
- помогать |
||
see |
- видеть |
|
do (doing) *after smell, find only – ing structure |
make |
- заставлять |
||
watch |
- наблюдать |
me |
|
notice |
- замечать |
you |
|
hear |
- слышать |
him |
|
feel |
- чувствовать |
her |
|
listen to |
- слушать |
us |
|
smell |
- чувствовать запах |
them Peter |
|
let |
- позволять |
my friend |
|
help |
- помогать |
|
|
find |
- обнаруживать |
|