abundance
(велика кількість, поширеність) – a
large quantity of something. One
quality the team possessed in abundance was fighting spirit.
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ambiguous
(двозначний, невизначений) – unclear,
confusing or not certain, especially because it can be understood
in more than one way. The
language in the Minister’s statement is highly ambiguous.
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argue
(стверджувати) – to state, giving clear reasons,
that something is true, should be done etc. The
president argued that a date should be set for the withdrawal of
troops.
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assert
(твердити, заявляти) – to state firmly that
something is true. He
asserted that nuclear power was a safe and non-polluting energy
source.
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at
the turn of the century
(на зламі століть) – at the beginning of the new
century.
These changes happened during the short period from the turn of
the century until World War One.
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capacitor
(конденсатор) – a piece of equipment that collects
and stores electricity. Capacitors
are critical components in electronic devices like cell phones
and laptop computers.
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claim
lives
(забирати життя) – to take the life of someone.
The
killer tornado claimed the lives of six people at the trailer
park.
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conflate
(об’єднувати) – to combine two or more things to
form a single new thing. Some
conflate globalization with internationalization, while others –
with Westernization.
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contested
(спірний)
– disputed or made the object of contention or competition.
Despite
the pervasiveness of the term today, it remains ambiguous and
contested.
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craze
(модне
захоплення, манія) – a fashion, game, type of
music etc that becomes very popular for a short time.
The jogging craze began in the 1970s.
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crucial
(вирішальний, критичний) – extremely
important because everything else depends on it. This
aid money is crucial to the government’s economic policies.
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encompass
(охоплювати) – to include a wide range of ideas,
subjects, etc. The
study encompasses the social, political, and economic aspects of
the situation.
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endeavour
(намагання, зусилля) – an attempt to do
something new or difficult. They
made every endeavour to fight the unemployment.
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equate
(прирівнювати) – to consider that two things are
similar or connected.
They are wrong about equating decentralization with loss of
control.
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feat
(подвиг)
– something that is an impressive achievement, because it needs
a lot of skill, strength etc. It
was a feat accomplished approximately 12,000 years ago when
hunter-gatherers first reached the tip of South America.
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floating
sign
(термін без чіткого референта) –
empty
signifier or a term used to denote signifiers without referents,
such as a word that does not point to any actual object or agreed
upon meaning. As
such a “floating sign” may mean different things to different
people: they may stand for many or even any notions; they may
mean whatever their interpreters want them to mean.
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foster
(заохочувати) – to help a skill, feeling, idea etc
develop over a period of time. The
campaign helped foster the sense of community encompassing all
classes.
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grapple
with
(боротися з, намагатися подолати) –
to try hard to deal with or understand something difficult.
The Government has to grapple with the problem of unemployment.
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household
word
(загальновідоме слово) – a word or name that
everyone knows.
McDonalds
quickly became a household word.
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inherently
(за своєю суттю, за своєю природою) –
existing as an essential constituent or characteristic.
Fire fighting is an inherently dangerous occupation.
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intrinsically
(внутрішньо) – relating to the essential nature of a
thing. Science
is seen as intrinsically good.
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milestone
(віха) – a very important event in the development of
something. One
early globalization milestone was the settling of all five
continents.
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multidimensional
(багатовимірний) – having or involving or marked
by several dimensions or aspects. Globalization
refers to a multidimensional set of social processes.
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pervasiveness
(поширеність) – the quality of filling or spreading
throughout.
Such pervasiveness
also creates challenges of effectively managing this data and
ensuring it’s secure.
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profound
(глибокий, ґрунтовний, проникливий)
– having a strong influence or effect. His
experience of war had a profound effect on his work.
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prominence
(популярність)
– the fact of being important and well-known. He
talked about the prominence of pressure groups as political
forces.
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trendy
(стильний, модний) – influenced by the most
fashionable styles and ideas. The
term globalization became quite trendy recently.
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velocity
(швидкість) – the speed of something that is moving in
a particular direction. Globalization
disrupts not only traditional spatial boundaries but also
temporal ones, increasing the velocity of social activity.
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weigh
in
(втрутитися)
–
to enter an argument forcefully. He
disliked the plan and weighed in with some heavy criticism.
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ambiguous;
crucial; velocity; encompass; to grapple with; intrinsically;
profound; to argue; trendy; pervasiveness; conflate; endeavour;
craze; equate; milestone.
1.
We believe that no other group engaged in geomorphic research is as
well qualified … the human factor as are geographers. 2. Young
people are often curious and like to experiment with the latest ….
3. In view of this the involvement of local people in our groups is
both … and extremely welcome. 4. It is not enough, however, …
that these two effects simply cancel one another out and we can
therefore forget about them. 5. The only job I’ve ever done was
selling … clothes so I’ve got wardrobes full of them. 6. In terms
of economic and social policies the impact of the riots was equally …
and contradictory. 7. There are clear reasons why state power should
… the means to conserve soil, forests and so on, but why do
governments not do it successfully?
8. Definitions of culture
are either not provided at all or … distinct conceptions such as
symbolization, ethnicity and lifestyle. 9. Truth, rationality, and
hence science, are seen as … good. 10. The … and uniformity of
television news made it unlikely that it would influence different
people in different ways. 11. We have always seen it as a … on the
road to closer integration and closer unity. 12. In innovation as in
any other …, there is talent, there is ingenuity, and there is
knowledge. 13. The article concerns the amazingly high ... at which
the modern society develops. 14. His ... speech left no one
indifferent. 15.
They
discussed the possible ways to … the chances of the developing
countries in this political race.
globalization
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the
bringing of people of different racial or ethnic groups into
unrestricted and equal association, as in society or an
organization;
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Westernization
|
an
empty signifier or a term used to denote signifiers without
referents, such as a word that doesn’t point to any actual
object or agreed upon meaning;
|
global
village
|
the
totality of socially transmitted behavior patterns, arts,
beliefs, institutions, and all other products of human work and
thought;
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internationalization
|
a
process when countries and societies adopt social, legal,
religious, technological, linguistic, political, and economic
ideals and norms of countries in the Western world – Western
Europe and the US;
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floating
sign
|
a
state or condition of worldwide relevance or impact;
universality, totality;
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integration
|
a
complex web of social processes that intensify and expand
worldwide economic, cultural, political, and technological
exchanges and connections;
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globality
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something
put under question or dispute because it may be wromg or
unreasonable
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culture
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the
world where people are connected by easy travel, mass media and
electronic communications, and have become a single community;
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homogeneity
|
a
process of increasing involvement of enterprises in international
markets;
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contested
|
the
quality of being similar or comparable in kind or nature;
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