Fig. 1. Drilling rig:
1 – талевый канат rotary drill line; 2 – талевый блок casing block; 3 – вышка derrick; 4 – крюк hook; 5 – буровой шланг drilling hose; 6 – ведущая труба kelly; 7 – желоба mud channels; 8 – буровой насос boring pump; 9 – двигатель насоса pump engine; 10 – обвязка насоса mud pump manifold system; 11 - приемный резервуар mud box; |
12 – бурильный замок drill pipe tool joint; 13 – бурильная труба drill pipe; 14 – гидравлический забойный двигатель downhole hydraulic motor; 15 – долото bit; 16 – ротор rotor; 17 – лебедка drowworks; 18 – двигатели привода лебедки и ротора drowworks and rotary drive engine; 19 – вертлюг swivel |
Ex.3 Give Russian equivalents to the following words.
Drilling, oil and gas well, a round-trip, drill pipe, a bit, bottomhole, destruction of the rock, casing pipe, to protect from landslides, divide the oil (gas) and water horizons, ancillary operation, washing fluid, curvature of the well, to obtain oil /gas influx, a drilling rig, specifications, hexagonal, in some cases, to be connected to, upper part, a flexible hose, washing fluid.
Ex.4 Find from the text English equivalents to the following words and word combinations.
Бурение скважин, спуско-подъемные работы, отработанное долото, забой, прервать операцию, предохранить стенки скважины, разобщить нефтяные и водяные горизонты, одновременно, приготовление бурового раствора, замер кривизны скважины, освоение скважины, вызов притока нефти, буровое оборудование, очистка в фильтре, приемный патрубок, кондуктор, слабые (неустойчивые) породы.
Ex.5
Find in the text word combinations corresponding to the construction “noun + noun”. Translate them.
Example: oil well – нефтяная скважина.
Find in the text word combinations corresponding to the construction “noun + of + noun”. Translate them.
Example: destruction of the rock – разрушение породы.
Ex.6 Answer the following questions.
1.What is this text about? 2.What is called a round-trip? 3. What does the process of drilling oil and gas well consist of? 4. Why are round-trip operations periodically interrupted? 5.What ancillary operations are carried out while drilling the well? 6. Do all rigs have the same drilling equipment? 7.What device is called kelly? 8.What is the function of a conductor string? 9. When does cementing take place? 10.Why is washing fluid used?
Ex.7 Say if sentences correspond to the text “Rig construction”. Translate them into Russian.
1. A round-trip is a process of lowering drill pipe with a bit into a well to the bottomhole and lifting drill pipe with the used bit out of the hole. 2. Drilling rigs can be massive structures or structures small enough to be moved manually by one person. 3. The upper kelly passes through the opening of the rotor and goes down into the bottomhole. 4. A conductor string is lowered into a deep well (30-600 m) in order to isolate the well from unstable rock or upper strata water. 5. The term "rig" generally refers to the complex of equipment that is used to penetrate the surface of the Earth's crust. 6. Hoists in the rig can lift hundreds of tons of pipe. 7. Cementing takes place after the conductor string is lowered. 8. Washing fluid passes the kelly and drill string, enters the bit and, finally, rushes into the bottomhole. 9. Large "mud pumps" circulate drilling slurry through the drill bit and up the casing annulus, for cooling and removing the "cuttings" while a well is drilled. 10. Ancillary operations are carried out at the same time when drilling the well takes place.
Ex.8 Translate the following text using the dictionary.