
- •Английский язык
- •Unit 1 Power resources
- •Natural power resources - fuel for the future
- •Coalbed methane
- •Unit 2 Techniques of extracting oil and gas
- •Technologies of oil and gas extracting
- •Notes to the text
- •Unit 3 Corrosion
- •Corrosion
- •Unit 4 Fluid or gas influx
- •Fluid or gas influx
- •Unit 5 Rig construction
- •Fig. 1. Drilling rig:
- •Mobile drilling rigs
- •Unit 6 Flowing well operation
- •Flowing well operation
- •Unit 7 Well completion
- •Well completion
- •Unit 8 Blowing-out the well
- •Blowing out the well
- •Notes to the text
- •Сокращение эмиссии метана при отключении компрессоров
АСТРАХАНСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ
КАФЕДРА «ИНОСТРАННЫЕ ЯЗЫКИ В ИНЖЕНЕРНО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКОМ ОБРАЗОВАНИИ»
Гуманитарный Институт
Английский язык
Сборник иностранных текстов для студентов 1-2-х курсов направления «Технологические машины и оборудование (нефтяных и газовых промыслов)»
АСТРАХАНЬ 2011
Составитель:
Старший преподаватель кафедры «Иностранные языки в инженерно-техническом образовании » Хамис Е.В.
Рецензент: старший преподаватель кафедры «Иностранные языки в инженерно-техническом образовании » Григорьева М.А.
Данный сборник иностранных текстов предназначен для студентов 1-2-х курсов направления «Технологические машины и оборудование (нефтяных и газовых промыслов)». Основной целью сборника является овладение навыками чтения текстов профессиональной направленности.
В сборник входят восемь тематических разделов, каждый из разделов проиллюстрирован соответствующим текстами и комплексом упражнений, направленным на овладение навыками чтения, перевода и развития устной речи по определённым темам. Предлагаемые тексты содействуют дальнейшему закреплению полученных навыков и усвоению специальной терминологии.
Данный сборник предоставляет широкий диапазон для активной аудиторной и внеаудиторной работы, имеет практическую ценность, отвечает современным требованиям методики обучения иностранному языку в вузе и может быть использован для студентов, углубленно изучающих язык в сфере биотехнологии.
Данный сборник отвечает современным методическим требованиям и может быть рекомендован к распространению через участок ротапринтной печати АГТУ и использованию в учебном процессе.
Сборник иностранных текстов одобрен и утвержден на заседании кафедры «ИЯИТО» от 17.05.11. протокол № 10
© Астраханский государственный технический университет
Unit 1 Power resources
Ex.1Learn the new words.
impact - влияние |
recover - добывать |
offshore - находящийся в море |
precious дорогой, ценный |
coal seam gas – газ угольных пластов |
crude - сырой |
widespread – распространенный |
previously - ранее |
liquefied – сжиженный |
cost effectively - экономно |
to rely heavily – в значительной мере зависеть |
abundant – изобильный, богатый |
endowment – дар, вклад |
utilize - использовать |
superior to – превосходить кого либо в чем либо |
hydrocarbon - углеводород |
significant -значительный |
to enhance - совершенствовать |
primary – основной, первичный |
whilst - пока |
imperative - обязательный |
sustainability – устойчивое развитие, устойчивость |
to maximize –довести до максимума |
|
Ex.2 Read and translate the following text.
Natural power resources - fuel for the future
There are few resources with the same impact on the world economy as oil and gas. Our planet is rich in natural gas, most of which is located in deep waters offshore or as coal seam gas. Petroleum products have widespread and important uses – from transport and power generation to consumer goods. By its nature, gas is difficult and expensive to transport over long distances. Natural gas can be cooled to form liquefied natural gas or chemically converted to transport fuels such as gasoline, diesel, and chemicals. As such, world economic wealth and growth relies heavily on petroleum and gas endowment.
In terms of costs and benefits, petroleum is superior to other energy sources and is likely to remain a significant primary source of energy well into the future. It is therefore imperative to maximize the precious crude oil resources we have and recover the massive supplies of remote and unconventional gas.
New technologies are making it possible1 to meet the challenges2 faced in reaching and recovering oil and gas further offshore and from reservoirs that were previously inaccessible because they were uneconomical or too difficult to produce.
Processes that convert natural gas to liquid fuels are known as gas-to-liquids (GTL) processes. Many research companies are developing GTL technologies to more cost effectively develop cleaner fuels and chemical processes using abundant natural resources. These technologies provide the opportunity to fully utilize hydrocarbon resources, enhancing sustainability and security in energy whilst helping to reduce greenhouse gas emissions3.
They create more efficient processes to generate synthetic fuels (synfuels4) and other substances from non-oil5 or non-conventional feedstocks6 while minimising the environmental impact. Oil and gas conversion and processing research7 is aiming to generate cleaner sources of energy from the nation's abundant natural resources.
Notes to the text
To make it possible - сделать возможным
To meet the challenge – принимать вызов, решать задачу
To reduce greenhouse gas emissions – сократить выбросы парниковых газов Synfuels - synthetic fuels – синтетические виды топлива
Non-oil – не нефтяной
Non-conventional feedstocks –запасы альтернативного топлива
Oil and gas conversion and processing research - изучение способов обработки нефти и газа
Ex.3 Chose the right translation of the following words.
widespread – широкий, распространять, широко распространенный;
inaccessible – недосягаемый, недосягаемость, не достигнуть;
endowment – дарить, дар, вкладываемый;
utilize - использование, использовать, используемый;
abundant – обилие, обильный, увеличивать;
precious – ценить, ценный, ценность;
reduce – снижать, снижение, сниженный
Ex.4 Answer the following questions.
1.What is this text about? 2.What energy resources do you know? 3.Where are petroleum products used? 4. What are difficulties of producing and transporting gas and oil? 5.What technologies are called GTL technologies? 6.What is the aim of generating synfuels?
Ex.5 Say whether the sentences correspond to the content of the text.
1.Our planet is rich of oil and natural gas, most of these energy resources are located in deep waters offshore. 2.In recent decades coal bed methane has become an important source of energy in United States, Canada, and other countries. 3. Transportation of gas over long distances is difficult and expensive. 4. Gas is superior to other energy sources and is likely to remain a significant primary source of energy well into the future. 5. GTL technologies are processes that convert natural gas to liquid fuels. 6. A small proportion of gas is generated by bacterial activity in shallow sediments. 7. Synfuels are cleaner sources of energy that minimize the environmental effect. 8. Most ceramic materials are almost entirely immune to corrosion.
Ex.6 Find synonyms and antonyms.
Few – little; significant – trivial; power – energy; liquefy – solidify; reduce – minimize; abundant - prevailing , widespread – scanty; primary – main; gasoline – petroleum; conventional – unconventional; enhance – intensify; benefit – drawback; synthetic –natural.
Ex.7 In the text some words are italicized. All these words are given here. Decide what part of speech these words are.
1.petroleum |
3.liquefied |
5.supplies |
7.enhancing |
2. generation |
4.growth |
6.inaccessible |
8.impact |
Ex.8 Fill in the blanks with the following prepositions:
to; over; on; to; in; from; with; up to
1.Our planet is rich … natural gas, most of which is located in deep waters offshore or as coal seam gas. 2. Methane often contains … a few percent carbon dioxide. 3.World economic wealth and growth relies heavily… petroleum and gas endowment. 4. Corrosion can also refer … other materials, such as ceramics or polymers. 5.The open fractures in the coal (called the cleats) can also contain free gas or can be saturated … water. 6. By its nature, gas is difficult and expensive to transport … long distances. 7.The objectives of gas processing research program are to contribute … lowering greenhouse gas emissions. 8.Oil and gas conversion and processing research is aiming to generate cleaner sources of energy … the nation's abundant natural resources.
Ex.9 Translate the following text into Russian using a dictionary.