Тема 3.2. Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты

Модальные глаголы и их значения	Эквиваленты модальных глаголов	PRESENT		PAST		FUTURE
can мочь, уметь	be able to мочь, быть в состоянии	can am is, are able to are		could was able to were		will be able
must должен, обязан, нужно, необходимо	have to приходится, должен be to должен	must have to (has to) am (is, are) to		had to was (were) to
						will have to
мау мочь, иметь разрешение, вероятно	be allowed to иметь разрешение	may		might
		am	allowed to	was	allowed to	shall	be allowed to
		is
		are		were		will

Задание 1. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The students were unable to do the work without their teacher's help. He had to help them.

2. This power station was to supply us with all necessary energy.

3. He had to work a lot before he was able to finish his research.

4. You will have to show the translation to your teacher.

5. Nobody was able to understand this phenomenon.

6. As the student was late he was not allowed to enter the classroom.

Задание 2. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на различные значения глаголов "to be", "to have".

1. Mathematics is of great importance for engineers. Every technical student is to study it for several years.

2. Atom is a great force. It is to serve mankind.

3. The students are not at the laboratory. They are to be at the laboratory at 6 o'clock.

4. I am busy tonight. I am to translate the article.

5. Physicists have a great number of very important problems. They have to solve them as quick as possible.

6. As I have a lot of work to do, I have to go away right now.

Задание 3. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. He must work hard to finish his experiments.

2. They have to solve a number of scientific problems.

3. You cannot see the electricity flow in circuits.

4. Marketers should inform potential buyers of where goods can be bought and how much they cost.

5. The study of electricity may be divided into three classes: magnetism, electro statistics, electrodynamics.

Задание 4. Заполните пропуски глаголами must или have to в нужной форме. Предложение переведите.

1. When he was at the University he …………. work to pay for getting higher education.

2. I'm late. I …………. hurry.

3. Soldiers …………….. obey orders.

4. Somebody ……….. take the responsibility for the accident.

5. He ………. earn his living when he was 15.

6. you ………… stop driving so fast.

7. …………….. I tape these documents today?

4.1. World achievements in art (music, dances, painting, theater, cinema, architecture)

Key Vocabulary:

Do you like music? – Вам нравится музыка?

What styles of music do you know? – Какая музыка Вам нравится?

Have you ever been to a concert of classical music? – Вы были на концерте классической музыки?

Yes, many times.- Да, много раз.

Do you play any musical instruments? – Вы играете на каком-нибудь музыкальном инстременте?

Do you prefer opera to ballet? – Вам нравится опера или балет?

Are you interested in painting? – Вам нравится живопись?

Well, I like some paintings and painters. – Мне нравятся некоторые картины и художники.

Who is your favourite painter? – Кто Ваш любимый художник?

What art museums in London do you know? – Какие художественные музеи Лондона Вы знаете?

What genre of films do you prefer? – Какие фильмы Вам нравятся?

Have you ever watched a film in English? – Вы смотрели фильм на английском языке?

1. What is art's purpose? -Most people believe that art is an attempt to understand and analyse life. -What arts are most popular? -I think those arts are popular the works of which are easy to understand and which are true to life. Well, I think the most popular are music, theatre, painting and cinema. -Where can you enjoy pieces of art? -Well, we enjoy music at concerts in the Philharmonic, the Conservatoire and the Chapel. We also enjoy music while watching a ballet or listening to an opera at an opera house. One can enjoy films at a cinema-hall. -Do you like music? -Yes, I do. -What styles of music do you know? -There are many styles. Speaking about classical music, I like pieces by Mozart, Chaikovsky, Glinka. -What other styles do you know? -Jazz, techno and rock are popular with the young people. -Do you know many songs? -Just a few. -Do you know any American or British painters? -I know Gainsborough (portraitist and landscape painter), Constable (a famous landscape painter, close to impressionism). -Do you have a favourite actor? -I like Arnold Schwarzenegger. He is a self-made man.

2. -What people are outstanding to your opinion? -I think this word means unusual level. Outstanding people can be sportsmen, politicians, artists, military men etc. -What outstanding people from Britain (the USA) do you know? -There are many outstanding people, for example, sir Winston Churchill, Margaret Thatcher, writers Shakespeare, Swift, Doyle and many others. -Do you think it is important to learn about outstanding people of Russia? -Yes, I do. First of all, it is very interesting to learn their biographies, because sometimes it seems that it is very simple to become an outstanding person. But such biographies teach us that talent is only 1% and hard work is 99% of success.

Составьте диалоги по темам: мировые достижения в искусстве (музыка, танцы, живопись, театр, кино, архитектура).