- •Unit 1
- •1. Read the text, translate it into Russian. At the dental polyclinic
- •Vocabulary Extension
- •2. Study the following.
- •1. Rooms
- •3. Chairs
- •4. Dental and Medical Specialists
- •3. Match the terms with their definitions.
- •4. Find word-partnerships and translate them into Russian.
- •8. Complete the sentences using the clues:
- •9. Answer the questions to the text.
- •10. Study the following.
- •11. Read and translate the text. Pick out and analyze the ing-forms. Make an abstract of the article using the following phrases:
- •1. Read and translate the text. The dentist
- •3. Pronounce the proper names.
- •8. Fill in the prepositions if necessary.
- •10. Choose the correct form (the ing-form or Participle II).
- •The historic background of dentistry
- •1. Derive the meaning of the following international words.
- •2. Study the following.
- •3. Pick out all the ing-forms and Participles II from the text. State their
- •4. Translate into English using the words from the text. Pay attention to the use of the subordinate clauses.
- •5. Supply the prepositions if necessary.
- •6. Imagine that you are going to make up an aptitude test for a prospective dentist. What items would you include to estimate a person's aptitude. Give your reasons.
- •7. Answer the questions to the text.
- •2. Study the following.
- •1. Derive the meaning of the international words.
- •3. Choose the sentence which describes the gist of the 1st and 2nd paragraphs best of all. Give your reasons.
- •Instruments
- •9. Speak about:
- •2. Give the Russian equivalents of combinations.
- •3. Match the words with their definitions.
- •4. Say what specialist do you have to see if you have one of the following defects or diseases:
- •5. Speak about a patient's complaints and sufferings according to the following plan:
- •7. Describe stomatological sciences matching a word in the 1st column with a
- •10. Translate the sentences into Russian. Find the infinitive as an adverbial modifier of purpose.
- •11. Replace the ing-form by the infinitive constructions.
- •1. Match the word-combinations in the 1st column with the phrases in the 2nd to describe the duties of the staff of a dental polyclinic.
- •2. Match the words and word-combinations in the three columns to say where these actions are performed.
- •3. Answer the questions:
- •4. Answer the questions:
- •6. Read and translate the text. Divide it into paragraphs. Suggest a title for each paragraph. Give your reasons for it.
- •8. Choose the -ing-form or the infinitive.
- •1. Study the following.
- •2. Use the word-combinations given below to speak about:
- •3. Read and translate the text.
- •8. Speak on:
- •9. Describe the dental services using the words given below.
- •10. Speak about:
- •11. Fill in the missing words in the required form:
- •Caries and its treatment
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Give the Russian equivalents of the English words.
- •3. Study the following words.
- •4. Match the words with their definitions.
- •5. Match the opposites.
- •6. Fill in the prepositions.
- •The process of root canal treatment
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •2. Match the words with their definitions.
- •3. Find in the text the synonyms to the following words:
- •4. Fill in the prepositions.
- •Find the infinitive constructions in the text, state their functions.
- •Make up a list of verbs and word-combinations denoting the actions carried out by a dentist performing root canal treatment. Say what the aim of each action is.
- •7. Choose the word which suits best.
- •8. Choose the correct tense-form (active or passive).
- •9. Answer the questions to the text:
- •What are the main procedures of root canal treatment? What instruments do these actions involve?
- •Make an abstract of the text about root canal treatment using phrases:
1. Study the following.
to keep mouth healthy
to keep mouth in good shape
to keep to a balanced diet
to maintain maintenance to brush to floss
to remove (debris, remnants)
to scrub
to massage
to rub up and down
to rinse
to wash the mouth with a mouth wash
to clean with fluoridated toothpaste to clean with a soft-bristled toothbrush a backside
содержать рот здоровым поддерживать рот в хорошем состоянии
придерживаться сбалансированного
диеты
сохранять
сохранение
чистить щеткой
чистить ниткой
удалять (остатки)
тереть
массировать
тереть вверх- вниз
полоскать
полоскать жидкостью для полоскания рта
чистить фторированной пастой чистить щеткой с мягкой щетиной задняя сторона зуба
2. Use the word-combinations given below to speak about:
1) Structure of the dental polyclinic:
there be (is/ are), to be divided into, to include, to be classified into, to be located on...
2) Specialists working at the polyclinic:
to work, to head, to run, to find out, to fill in the patient's card, to supervise the work of the staff, to be responsible for the work of the clinic (polyclinic), to treat patients, to help the doctors, to teach the students, to deliver lectures, to conduct practical work.
3. Read and translate the text.
Brushing
Brushing removes food and plaque - the sticky, nearly colourless film of bacteria that forms on teeth and is the main cause of decay and gum disease.
Brush at least twice a day with a fluoride toothpaste. Use a toothbrush with soft, rounded bristles and replace it every three months or when bristles show wear.
To clean the outer surfaces of your teeth, tilt the brush at a 45-degree angle against the gumline. Gently move the brush back and forth in short (half-a-tooth- wide) strokes. Keep the bristles angled against the gumline. Repeat the motion on the inside surfaces of your teeth. Brush the chewing surfaces of the molars.
To clean the inner surface of your teeth, hold the brush vertically and use gentle up-and-down strokes with the front part of the brush.
Gently brush your tongue to remove bacteria and to freshen breath.
4. Give antonyms to the following words from the text.
horizontally => inner => down => colorful => improvement => forth => inside =>
5. Answer the questions.
What is the aim of brushing teeth?
What do you do the brushing with?
What surfaces in the oral cavity must be brushed?
How often should you change a toothbrush?
What are the advantages/disadvantages of using an electric brush?
Retell the text.
Make sure that you know the following words:
To bite, to chip enamel, to crack a tooth, to wear a mouthguard, to contribute to, excessive, to stain, to protect, to grind, to clench, to damage, to wear down, to prevent decay, a rinse, oral cancer, red patches, persistent sores, bleeding, to numb, to reduce, to avoid, prolonged exposure, in moderation.
Listen to the text "Do's and Don'ts". Say what it is advisable and not advisable to do.
Listen to the text once again and find the information about: