Lexical exercises

I. Complete the following sentences:

1. In the cylinder the fuel is burnt and the power ....

2. When the gases are burning and expanding, the piston ....

3. Intake valves or ports are used ....

4. The frame and the bedplate hold....

5. The motion of the piston is transmitted by ....

1. The fuel injection nozzle divides the fuel into ....

2. The fuel injection pump is used ....

II Make up 6 sentences using the verbs:

Move, transmit, deliver, rotate, is used, is connected.

III. Answer the following questions:

1. Where is the fuel burnt?

2. What is developed in the cylinder while the fuel is burning?

3. What does the cylinder head close the cylinder for?

4. What does the piston compress?

5. When does the piston receive the pressure of the gases?

6. What does the connecting rod transmit the motion of the piston to?

7. What are the frame and the bedplate used for?

IV. Put questions to the following sentences:

1. The fuel is burnt in the cylinder.

2. The power is developed in the cylinder.

3. The cylinder head closes the top end of the cylinder.

4. The motion of the piston is transmitted by the connecting rod.

5. The fuel injection pump is used to deliver the fuel into the cylinder.

6. The frame and the bedplate support all the parts of an engine.

Model: What is the cylinder head used for?

It is used to close the top end of the cylinder.

Ask and answer similar questions about:

1. an intake valve;

2. an exhaust valve;

3. a fuel injection pump;

4. a fuel injection nozzle;

5. a piston.

V. Translate into English:

1. Мы знаем основные части двигателя.

2. Каждая часть двигателя выполняет работу.

3. Цилиндр – сердце двигателя.

4. Топливо горит в цилиндре.

5. Крышка закрывает верхнюю часть цилиндра.

6. Воздух сжимается.

7. Газы ограничиваются в этом пространстве.

8. Газы горят, расширяются.

9. Поршень двигается вверх и вниз в цилиндре.

10. Поршень сжимает воздушный заряд.

11. Поршень получает давление газов.

12. Шатун передает движение поршня коленвалу.

13. Рамовые подшипники поддерживают коленвал.

14. Они позволяют коленвалу вращаться.

15. Клапана или окна впускают воздух.

16. Они выпускают сгоревшие или отработанные газы.

17. Рама и станина удерживают цилиндр, коленвал и рамовые подшипники.

18. Топливный насос подает топливо в цилиндр.

19. Топливная форсунка распыляет топливо.

20. Топливо поступает в цилиндр.

Grammar: The Infinitive /Обстоятельство цели/

Examples:

1. To deliver fuel into the cylinder we must use the fuel injection pump.

2. Valves or ports are used to admit air into the cylinder.

Grammar exercises

I. Fill up the blanks with the necessary Infinitives given below:

1. In the cylinder the piston moves up and down .... strokes.

2. .... fuel into the cylinder the fuel pump is used.

3. The fuel nozzle is used .... the fuel into a fine spray as it enters the cylinder.

4. .... the main parts of an engine together the frame and the bedplate are used.

5. .... the air into the cylinder we use intake valves or ports.

(to make, to divide, to deliver, to admit, to hold)

II. Change sentences according to the model:

Active	Passive
The piston compresses the air charge.	The air charge is compressed by the piston.

1. The cylinder head closes the top end of the cylinder.

2. The connecting rod transmits the motion of the piston.

3. The frame and the bedplate hold the main parts of an engine together.

4. A spray nozzle delivers fuel.

5. Fuel injection pump compresses fuel oil.

6. Valves or ports discharge the burnt gases.

7. Intake valves admit air.