- •Unit I Text The Main Parts of a Diesel Engine
- •Lexical exercises
- •Grammar: Passive Voice
- •Grammar exercises
- •Unit II
- •What Work the Parts of an Engine Perform
- •Lexical exercises
- •Grammar: The Infinitive /Обстоятельство цели/
- •Grammar exercises
- •Unit III
- •How a Diesel Engine Works
- •Lexical exercises
- •Grammar: The Present Participle
- •Grammar exercises
- •Unit IV
- •The Work of a Two-Stroke Engine
- •Lexical exercises
- •Grammar: The Infinitive /Функции в предложении/
- •Grammar exercises
- •Unit V Text Supercharging
- •Lexical exercises
- •Grammar: The Gerund
- •Grammar exercises
- •Unit VI
- •Fuel Injection
- •Lexical exercises
- •Grammar: The Absolute Participle Construction
- •Grammar exercises
- •Unit VII
- •Combustion
- •Lexical exercises
- •Grammar: The Past Participle
- •Grammar exercises
- •Unit VIII
- •Lubrication
- •Lexical exercises
- •Grammar exercises
- •Four-Stroke Cycle Events
- •What a Supercharging Is
- •Fuel Injection and Combustion
- •English-Russian Vocabulary
- •Contents
Lexical exercises
I. Complete the following sentences according to the text:
The principal methods of mechanical injection are called ...
During the direct injection method the fuel ...
The fuel is injected into ...
The injector is fitted into ...
The direct injection method gives ...
The cylinder head is communicated with the combustion chamber through ...
The compressed air circulates in ...
The fuel immediately ...
The air turbulence method provides ...
The volume of the injected fuel is ...
Therefore the holes in the nozzle must ...
The pressure required to obtain the necessary penetration of the fuel ...
II. Answer the following questions:
What is the function of the fuel injection mechanism?
What is the first method of mechanical injection called?
What is the fuel injected into with direct injection?
What is the fuel injected into combustion chamber through?
Where is the injector fitted?
Why is the fuel injected under pressure?
What is the advantage of the direct injection method?
What is the second method of injection called?
What does the cylinder head contain with the second method?
Where does the compressed air circulate?
When does the fuel begin to ignite?
Where does the mixture of burning and unburnt fuel pass from?
What does the mixture go into the cylinder through?
What does the air turbulence method provide?
Why must the holes in the nozzle be very fine and numerous?
III. Put all possible questions to the following sentences:
During the direct injection method the fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber through a spraying nozzle.
The air turbulence method provides efficient atomizing and mixing the fuel particles with the air.
The mixture of burning and unburnt fuel passes from the pre-combustion chamber into the cylinder through the communicating neck.
IV. Give a short characteristic of:
direct injection method;
pre-combustion chamber method;
air turbulence method.
V. Translate into English:
1. Функция механизма впрыска топлива под давлением - подавать
необходимое количество топлива в цилиндр двигателя в
определенное время.
2. Функция механизма впрыска топлива - обеспечивать
смешивание воздуха и топлива для полного сгорания.
3. Существуют три метода механического впрыска.
4. При методе прямого впрыска топливо под давлением подается
форсункой непосредственно в камеру сгорания.
5. Форсунка устанавливается на крышке цилиндра.
6. Топливо под давлением впрыскивается в сжатый воздух.
7. Потеря тепла во время сжатия воздуха минимальна.
8. Период задержки воспламенения топлива короткий.
9. При методе предкамерного смесеобразования головка цилиндра имеет
небольшую предкамеру воспламенения.
10.Предкамера воспламенения соединена с основной камерой сгорания
каналом.
11.В определенный момент топливо впрыскивается в предкамеру.
12.Топливо немедленно воспламеняется.
13.Смесь горящего и несгоревшего топлива поступает в цилиндр по
каналу.
14.В некоторых типах двигателей используется вихрекамерный метод
смесеобразования.
15.Этот метод обеспечивает хорошее распыление топлива и смешивание
его со сжатым воздухом.
16.Преимуществом двигателя с вихрекамерным методом
смесеобразования является эффективное и полное сгорание
подаваемого топлива.
