Самостійна робота №3

Тема: Movement of Freight Traffic

Завдання: переписати текст “Movement of Freight Traffic” в зошит, письмово його перекласти використовуючи активну лексику тексту. Відповісти на запитання.

initial- початковий

prior to- перед тим

conductor- провідник

billing- відомість

intermediate- проміжний

wheel report- дорожна відомість

lading- вантаж

to consign- відправляти, призначатись

successive- послідовний

delivery- видача, доставка

Movement of freight starts at the initial terminal where the train is made up in the classification yard. Here cars are classified or sorted, those for the same destinations being collected in groups or blocks. These are assembled on a departure track.

Prior to leaving the yard terminal office the freight conductor receives a series of sheets called billing, which show the number, character and destination of each car in his train, and checks the train for correct make-up. When the train is ready to move, a signal from the conductor to the engineer starts on its way. Except for stops for water or fuel a through freight train will run normally to the next intermediate terminal without stop or change in it consist. The conductor makes out what is called a wheel report, listing the initials and numbers of each car, weight of the car, weight of lading and to the points between which the train moves it. At intermediate terminals cars consigned to destinations within the particular territory are cut of the train. New cars at intermediate terminals may be added. The train progresses by successive stops through other intermediate terminals to final destination, where it moves to the terminal yard.

At that point cars are classified for delivery to the various industries, the operation being carried out by local yard crew.

Answer these questions:

1. Where are freight cars classified?

2. Does a through train have any stops?

3. What does billing show?

4. What are the wheel reports?

5. Where are cars cut out of the train?

Самостійна робота №4

Тема: A locomotive

Завдання: переписати текст “ A locomotive ” в зошит, письмово його перекласти використовуючи активну лексику тексту. Відповісти на запитання.

motive power- рушійна сила

originates from- походить від

to distinguish- розрізняти

motivus- рухатись

payload- корисне навантаження

A locomotive

A locomotive is a railway vehicle that provides the motive power for a train. The word originates from the Latin loco – "from a place", ablative of locus, "place" + Medieval Latin motivus, "causing motion", and is a shortened form of the term locomotive engine, first used in the early 19th century to distinguish between mobile and stationary steam engines.

A locomotive has no payload capacity of its own, and its sole purpose is to move the train along the tracks. In contrast, some trains have self-propelled payload-carrying vehicles.

Traditionally, locomotives pull trains from the front. Increasingly common is push-pull operation, where a locomotive pulls the train in one direction and pushes it in the other, and can be controlled from a control cab at the other end of the train.

Answer these questions:

1. What provides the motive power for a train?

2. What is the sole purpose of a locomotive?

3. What does it mean push-pull operation?