V. Vocabulary Practice

1. Прочитайте наступні речення та доведіть, що вони правильні. Використовуйте фрази: As far as I know (remember), to my mind, I suppose, without saying, frankly speaking, allow me to observe, as I was going to observe, to tell the truth, they say, in fact, unfortunately, unexpectedly.

1. The railway authorities are sure that a container movement has a great future because it is the best way of door-to-door traffic.

2. The refrigerator car is equipped with refrigerating – heating system which can be operated automatically or manually.

3. The railway practice shows that a specialized freight cars have both advantages and disadvantages.

4. The freight cars are not interchangeable which means that you can not carry bulk materials in tank cars or vice versa.

5. A larger freight car fleet is usually required to transport specialized freight which results in the capital investment increase.

VI. Grammar Exercises

1. Прочитайте речення та складіть по 5 спеціальних запитань (Wh-questions) до кожного речення. Запропонуйте вашим співрозмовникам відповісти на складені питання.

1. A feature of this car is that it is designed with a light-weight roof made from a glass fibre laminate based on a polyester resin by the method of the contract moulding.

2. The development of high capacity container operation will provide for a large number of special type container-carrying flat cars in the fleet of freight cars.

3. Twelve - wheel tank cars, having a high lifting capacity and a low lightweight, give a great economy in the operation. Their use is the most expedient in the large-scale transportation of oil products.

4. The tank cars hold the special place in the freight car fleet as they are successfully used for the transportation of wide range of bulk, power-like, a solidifying goods and gases.

5. The priority of the freight cars is stipulated by the higher safety of the transportation and improved ecological characteristics of the transport and the technological process.

2. Перекладіть речення на українську мову та поясніть вживання конструкції пасивного стану (Passive Voice).

1. The box cars are primarily employed to transport a valuable commodities and products requiring protection from the weather or against the breakage. 2. Mr. Smith is considered to be the best expert in the insulated box cars. 3. This car is designed for passenger service at speeds up to 160 km/h. 4. The body interior is sheathed with a plywood sheets and finished with plastics, wood and synthetic materials. 5. The wooden floor is covered with linoleum. 6. Thermal-insulating sheets and of Mipor (a foamed plastics) are laid between the outer and inner walls to keep out cold. 7. The car is equipped with an air-conditioning system and individual water heating.

VII. Extra Reading

14. Виконайте переклад тексту.

Simens introduces the modular Venturio

Siemens has developed a new type of train for inter-city and inter-regional

passenger services called Venturio. The main feature of this train is its fully modular design, that is the train is built using modules. It is known that a module is a part having a standard shape and size, used in building, making furniture or even vehicles.

The new Venturio train family is based on a single modular platform. It has been designed to incorporate tilting equipment and will operate at speeds of between 160 km/h and 250 km/h in diesel-electric or emu form.

The length of the trains is likely to vary between three and seven (or even nine) cars. The units will be able to operate on lines electrified at 25 kV ac, or 15 kV ac, or 3 kV dc. They can also be built as multi-system versions.

The modularity of the design extends to the interior furnishing which can include business facilities, upgraded seats and passenger information systems. The seats will include air conditioning for increased passenger comfort during the journey.

All the trains will be supplied with standardized spare parts. Siemens says that modularity combined with the use of proven design technology will ensure low maintenance costs. Testing of the trains will be carried out at the manufacturer’s own test center at Wildenrath, Germany.

1. З’єднайте ліву колонку A з правою B так щоб завершити речення. Перекладіть речення українською мовою.

A B

1) The new Venturio train is based on … a) business facilities, upgraded seats and passenger information systems.

2) The train can operate in … b) spare parts.

3) The length of the train is between … c) 160 km/h and 250 km/h.

4) This train can run at … d) three and nine cars.

5) Interior furnishing of the train can include e) the manufacturer’s own centre.

6) All the trains will be supplied with f) diesel-electric or emu form.

7) Testing of the trains will be carried out at g) a single modular platform.

2. Дайте відповіді на запитання у письмовій формі.

1. What company has developed a new type of train? What is its name? 2. What services will this train be used for? 3. What design is this train based on? 4. Does this train incorporate tilting equipment? 5. What speed can this train reach? 6. Is the length of the new Venturio train changeable? What does it mean? 7. Will this train operate on ac or dc electrified lines? 8. What can you say about the interior furnishing of the cars? 9. Will the train be supplied with spare parts? 10. Where will testing of the trains be carried out?

3. Використавши відповіді вправи 2 розкажіть про новий потяг англійською мовою.

Unit 3