III. Tasks Reading Comprehension

1. Прочитайте уважно текст. Вам необхідно визначити, які з поданих нижче тверджень відповідають змістові тексту. Запишіть номери цих речень.

1. Freight cars are used for carrying different kinds of freight. 2. To transport steel bridge beam we need open-top hopper car. 3. Box cars are used to haul all kinds of freight. 4. Liquid freight may be transported in similar cars. 5. The refrigerator car is a special type of flat car and used for hauling fresh meat, fruits and vegetables. 6. The covered hopper cars are used to carry all kinds of bulk materials. 7. The right usage of freight cars is one of the main principles of modern railways nowadays.

2. Знайдіть у тексті відповіді на питання.

1.How many kinds of cars are mentioned in the text? 2. What is the designation of flat cars? 3. Where do we use a wooden stakes and how to place them? 4. By means of what are large pieces of machinery and other heavy freights are carried? 5. What cars are used to haul bulk materials and a powered chemical? 6. Which kind of cars is used to transport a liquid freight? 7. Why are tank cars lined with glass? 8. What cars carry a various kind of а low grade freight? 9. What cars are used to haul freights that cannot be exposed to the weather? 10. What is the designation of the similar cars?

3. За описом дайте назву типу вагона.

1. The body of this car consists of a tank for carrying liquids such as oil, vinegar, acids, compressed gasses and granular solids. 2. This is a freight car having neither sides nor ends, without any body above. 3. This is a car with sides and ends which has no roof and is used for freight in bulk. 4. This is a car with floor sloping from the ends and sides to one or more hoppers; the load is discharged by gravity through the hopper doors. 5. This is a specially designed boxcar, insulated and equipped with ice bunkers, or a mechanical cooling system and usually adapted for the installation of heating units; it is used primarily for the movement of goods that need protection from heat and cold. 6. This is a car equipped with water supply and ventilation systems. 7. This is a car designed specially for transporting motor vehicles. 8. This is a car used to carry bulky and very heavy goods, for example high-power transformers.

IV. Vocabulary Exercises

1. З’єднайте словосполучення правої колонки з їх значеннями у лівій:

1. A similar car A) is used to carry large pieces of machinery, lumber, stones and steel;

2. A hopper car B) is used to haul grain, groceries and dry goods;

3. A container car C) is used to hauling fresh meats, fruits, vegetables, fish, milk and other articles which must be kept;

4. A tank car D) is used to haul ore, gravel, crushed rock cinders and other bulky materials;

5. A flat car E) is used for transportation of cement;

6. A box car F) is used to carry all kinds of bulk materials that cannot be exposed to the weather;

7. A refrigerator car G) is used to transport liquid freight, chemicals and other.

2. З’єднайте слова правої колонки з їх перекладом у лівій. Утворіть із з’єднаними словами 5 словосполучень.

1. A designation a) цінний

2. a heavy pieces of machinery b) сипучі матеріали

3. a bulk materials c) важкі деталі механізмів

4. a valuable d) розбірний

5. a quantity e) експлуатація

6. to ship f) залишати беззахисним

7. a crushed stone g) призначення

8. to injure h) кількість

9. to expose i) вантажити

10. a demountable j) щебінь

11. an operation k) шкодити, псувати

3. З’єднайте слова рядка A з їх синонімами у рядку B.

a) A different, to load, to use, to carry, to haul, а transportation, to merchandise;

b) Goods, to haul, to transport, freight, a various, to ship, to employ.

4. Продовжіть речення та перекладіть їх.

1. A flat car is used to carry … . 2. The designation of box cars are used … . 3. The refrigerator car is … . 4. The tank cars are transported … . 5. The tank cars are hauled … . 6. The container cars are used … . 7. The covered hopper cars are designed for … . 8. Many bricks are shipped … 9. The cars to carry coal … . 10. The designation of cars … .

5. Заповніть пропуски сполучниками ( with, for, of, in, of, per, with, for, for) та перекладіть їх.

Many recently established coal and ore handling installations have been equipped 1) … car dumpers so that high – capacity gondolas may be used. Consequently, 2) … many 3)… these, special gondolas have been built 4) … place 5) … hopper type cars. Simplified contraction and greater lading capacity 6) … unit length are possible 7)… gondola – type equipment. High – cube gondolas are being used 8) … handling wood chips and sawdust. Some gondolas are used 9) … container service.