
- •Internal combustion engine
- •The four-stroke cycle
- •Complete the sentences with the active form of the verb in brackets:
- •The carburetor
- •1. Translate the following text into Ukrainian in written form
- •2. Complete the sentences with the active form of the verb in brackets:
- •The crankshaft
- •The battery and coil
- •The contact breaker and the distributor
- •1. Complete the sentences with the active form of the verb in brackets:
- •The cooling system
- •The lubricating (oiling) system
- •1. Complete the sentences with the active form of the verb in brackets:
- •The transmission system
- •Neutral gear
- •The clutch
- •Rear axle gears
- •1. Translate the text in written form
- •2. Complete the sentences with the active form of the verb in brackets:
- •The brakes
- •Some differences
- •Complete the sentences with the active form of the verb in brackets:
- •Text 16
- •Put the missing prepositions into the questions. Ask them your partner:
- •Match the headings with their extracts.
- •The changing expectations of automotive engineers
- •Here are the answers to some questions. What are the questions?
- •Put each of the following words or phrases in correct sentence below.
- •Find the words hidden in the jumbles. Translate the sentences.
- •6. Complete the sentences with the passive form of the verb in brackets:
- •Complete the table with these phrases used to talk about the future. Can you add any more?
- •The car of the future
- •Are these sentences about the text true (t) or false (f)?
- •Find words and expressions in the text which match these definitions:
- •Find the words hidden in the jumbles:
- •Put the verb into the correct tense form in Passive.
- •Alternative vehicles
- •6. Answer these questions:
- •Make sure that you know these terms:
- •Match words from the two boxes to make expressions.
- •Now use the expressions above to complete the sentences and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Match the words and phrases to the correct headings.
- •A car safety programme
- •Try to answer these questions asked by people in the audience.
- •Put the safety features into the correct column. Which of these safety features does your or your parents’ car have?
- •Use the words in the box to complete the flow chart.
- •Complete the text about car recalls with words from the box below. Translate the sentences.
- •Match the questions (1 – 7) with their answers (a – g):
- •Find someone in your class who:
- •Airbags
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Make sure that you know these terms:
- •Fill the missing words in. The first one has been done for you. Use them in the sentences of your own.
- •Complete the adjectives with –ed or –ing. Make some sentences of your own using them.
- •Read and translate this extract in written form:
- •Rewrite the sentences with a participle clause instead of a relative one.
- •Do you agree or disagree with the following statements?
- •Sensors and the automobile
- •Complete the sentences with the information from the text:
- •Which instrument shows you:
- •Match each abbreviation with its meaning:
- •Translate the following extract in written form: a cockpit for business class
- •Complete the sentences with a verb from the box in its participle form.
- •What are your predictions for the next ten years for instruments and switches of the car? Prepare a short report or presentation.
Complete the sentences with the active form of the verb in brackets:
The company CAV ……… (never/to manufacture) 5 million engines a year.
She ……… (to be) to London four times. We ……… (to go) there by plain.
Our company ……… (to employ) over 1000,000, ……… (to operate) in many overseas markets and ……… (to offer) a wide range of hi-tech products for the 21st century.
I’m afraid Mr Bansall can’t see you right now. He’s ……… (to interview) someone.
A: Is John feeling OK? He ……… (to look) very red in the face.
B: Yes, I know. I ……… (to look for) the doctor’s phone number now.
A: ……… (you/to have) a car?
B: Yes, but I …..... (to have) some problems with it, so it …..(to be) at the garage now.
Text 9
The carburetor
The carburetor has two main parts. There is a container (the chamber) which controls the flow of petrol. The pump forces the petrol through a pipe into the chamber. If the chamber is full, the float rises. This causes the needle valve to close. Petrol cannot enter. As the chamber empties, the float sinks. The valve opens. More petrol enters the chamber. There is also a choke tube. This tube is open at the top so that air can be sucked in. Pipes lead from the bottom of the tube to the inlet valves of the cylinders. The air and petrol mixture is sucked into the cylinder. This flow of mixture is controlled by a throttle valve. This is a round piece of metal like a large coin. It is moved by the accelerator pedal.
A small pipe leads from the chamber to the choke tube. The petrol flows through this. There are very small holes (jets) at the end of the pipe. As the induction stroke sucks air down the tube, it also sucks petrol through these jets. The petrol is broken up into thousands of very small drops to form a vapor. It mixes with the air. The mixture is sucked into the cylinders.
When the accelerator pedal is pushed down, the throttle is opened. More air is sucked into the carburetor. More petrol and air mixture goes to the cylinders. The explosions in the cylinders are stronger. The car goes more quickly. When the pedal is let out, the throttle closes. There is less mixture. The explosions are weaker. The car goes more slowly.
Карбюратор має дві основні частини. Існує контейнер (камера ) , який контролює потік бензину. Насос тисне бензин через трубу в камеру. Якщо камера заповнена , поплавок піднімається. Це призводить до того голчастий клапан закрити . Бензин не може увійти . Як камери склотари , поплавок тоне. Клапан відкривається . Більш бензин надходить в камеру. Існує також дифузор. Ця трубка відкрита у верхній , так що повітря може бути засмоктується Труби ведуть з нижньої частини труби для впускних клапанів циліндрів. Повітря і бензин суміш всмоктується в циліндр. Цей потік суміші управляється дросельної заслінкою. Це круглий шматок металу як великий монети. Це переміщається педалі акселератора . Невелике труба веде від камери до дифузором. Бензин тече через це . Є дуже маленькі отвори ( струменів ) в кінці труби . Як такту впуску всмоктує повітря вниз по трубі , він також відстій бензин через цих струменів. Бензин розбивається на тисячі дрібних крапель з утворенням пара . Це змішується з повітрям. Суміш всмоктується в циліндри. Коли педаль акселератора в натиснутому стані , дросель відкритий. Більш повітря всмоктується в карбюратор . Більш бензин і повітряна суміш надходить в циліндри. Вибухи в циліндрах сильніше. Машина їде швидше . Коли педаль випускати , дросель закривається. Існує менше суміш. Вибухи слабкіше . Машина їде повільніше.