Village school/shop/church etc

LISTENING SKILLS

1. Create - to make something exist that did not exist before:

Some people believe the universe was created by a big explosion.

Her behaviour is creating a lot of problems.

The new factory is expected to create more than 400 new jobs.

Create a folder to store your files.

create an impression (=make people think of you in a particular way)

Many advertising campaigns aim to create the impression of a particular lifestyle.

create the impression that

Advertising creates the impression that smoking is socially acceptable.

2. Criticize - to express your disapproval of someone or something, or to talk about their faults opposite praise:

Ron does nothing but criticize and complain all the time.

be strongly/sharply/heavily criticized

The decision has been strongly criticized by teachers.

The new law has been widely criticized.

criticize somebody/something for (doing) something

He has been criticized for incompetence.

Doctors have criticized the government for failing to invest enough in the health service.

criticize somebody/something as something

The report has been criticized as inaccurate and incomplete.

3. Hope- to want something to happen or be true and to believe that it is possible or likely

hope (that)

I do hope everything goes well.

It was hoped that the job would be filled by a local person.

I hope to God I haven't left the car window open.

hope to do something

Joan's hoping to study law at Harvard.

During the survey, it is hoped to test a total of approximately 2,500 to 3,000 children.

hope for

Liam decided to ignore the warning and just hope for the best (=hope that a situation will end well when there is a risk of things going wrong).

I rang my parents, hoping against hope (=hoping for something that is very unlikely to happen or be true) that they hadn't left yet.

'Do we get paid this week?' 'I certainly hope so!'

I don't think I'm busy that day, or at least I hope not.

I'm hoping (that)

I'm hoping the car will be fixed by Friday.

'They'll get their money back.' 'I should hope so too, after being treated like that.'

4. Joy - great happiness and pleasure synonym delight:

the look of joy on her face

with/for joy

I leaped into the air with joy.

She wept for joy.

I didn't exactly jump for joy (=I was not very pleased) when I heard the news.

joy of

one of the joys of travelling alone

The garden was his pride and joy.

be a joy to watch/drive/use etc

The children's singing was a joy to listen to.

I phoned the pub, but no joy. The landlord didn't know where she was.

5. Kiss - to touch someone with your lips as a greeting, to show them love, or as part of a sexual relationship:

Maggie leaned forward and kissed her cheek.

Georgina took him in her arms and kissed him on the lips.

Jim and Mary kissed (=they kissed each other).

kiss somebody gently/lightly

He kissed her gently and stroked her hair.

kiss somebody goodbye/goodnight etc

Kiss Daddy goodnight.

She knew if she concentrated on her marriage she could kiss her career goodbye.

Here, let Mommy kiss it better.

kiss up to somebody phrasal verb

If you say that, it'll look like you're kissing up to me.

6. Meaning - the thing or idea that a word, expression, or sign represents

meaning of

I don't know the precise meaning of the word 'gleaned'.

The expression has two very different meanings in English.

The meaning of her words was clear. We'd lost our jobs.

meaning behind

She hardly dared to understand the meaning behind his statement.

get/understand somebody's meaning (=understand what they are trying to tell you)

He's become a bit more than a friend, if you get my meaning.

What's the meaning of this? I asked you to be here an hour ago!

Life seemed to have lost its meaning since Janet's death.

Her studies no longer seemed to have any meaning.

For many people it is religion that gives meaning to their existence.

7. Quote - to repeat exactly what someone else has said or written

quote from

She quoted from a newspaper article.

He quoted a short passage from the Bible.

A military spokesman was quoted as saying that the border area is now safe.

quote somebody on something

Can I quote you on that?

8. Sentimental – someone who is sentimental is easily affected by emotions such as love, sympathy, sadness etc, often in a way that seems silly to other people synonym emotional:

She said a sentimental goodbye.

sentimental about

People can be very sentimental about animals.

He wasn't the sort of person who kept things for sentimental reasons.

The rings that were stolen were of great sentimental value (=important because of your feelings or memories relating to them).

9. Technique - a special way of doing something ➔ method

technique for

There are various techniques for dealing with industrial pollution.

technique of

In mathematics, we use many techniques of problem-solving.

management/teaching/farming etc techniques

During this era, great strides were made in medical techniques.

analytical/statistical/mathematical etc techniques

Statistical techniques will include the use of tables, frequency counts, and percentages for summarizing data.

In this section we will look at some relaxation techniques that can help relieve your body of tension.

10. Terrible - extremely severe in a way that causes harm or damage synonym horrible, awful:

Their son had been injured in a terrible accident.

We're worried that something terrible might have happened to Greg.

11. Touch - to put your hand, finger etc on someone or something:

She reached out to touch his arm.

If your house has been burgled, you shouldn't touch anything until the police arrive.

'Don't touch me!' she yelled.

touch somebody on the arm/leg etc

A hand touched her on the shoulder.

As our glasses touched, he said 'Cheers!'

Her dress was so long that it was touching the ground.

She touched the handkerchief to her nose.

He touched his lips to her hair.

Her plight has touched the hearts of people around the world.

She could sense his concern and it touched her.

He has touched the lives of many people.

Unemployment remains an evil that touches the whole community.

He was often touched by doubt (=doubt affected him).

My grandfather was an alcoholic but I never touch the stuff (=never drink alcohol).

be touched with something

His voice was touched with the faintest of Italian accents.

Her nails had been manicured and lightly touched with colour.

12