II Read and remember the following phrases:

1. floral arrangement – квіткове аранжування, оформлення квітів

2. creative flair – талант, схильність, здатність, нюх, чуття

3. floral tribute – дар, підношення, винагорода

4. boutonniere / buttonhole – квітка в петлиці; бутоньєрка

5. well-rounded foundation – всебічно освічений

6. interior landscaping – ландшафтна архітектура

7. occasion – можливість, випадок, шанс

8. ornamental grasses – декоративні рослини

III Read and translate the following text: Floral Art

Floral design is the art of using plant materials and flowers to create a pleasing and balanced composition. Evidence of refined floristry is found as far back as the culture of Ancient Egypt. Floristry, flower arranging, floral arrangement, floral design or floral arts are all the names denoting the art of creating flower arrangements in vases, bowls and baskets, or making bouquets and compositions from cut flowers, foliage, herbs, ornamental grasses and other botanical materials. Floristry refers to the cultivation of flowers as well as their arrangement and selling. However, the floral industry is the basic drive behind floristry.

Basic varieties of flowers sold in florist shops include abundant varieties of roses, tulips, irises, orchids and lilies. Fashion sometimes plays a role in floristry; what is considered the flower that everyone needs to have today can change very quickly.

Floral business is seasonal and is heavily influenced by the following holidays and events: Christmas, Valentine's Day, Victory Day, Mothers' Day, Easter, weddings and funerals. These occasions make up the largest part of the business, with the sale of house plants and home decor being a smaller, but more constant, part. Flowers for personal enjoyment as well as those selected to celebrate birthdays, anniversaries, thank-you's are also a significant portion of a florist's business. The floral business has been impacted significantly by the corporate and social event world as flowers play a large part in the decor of special events and meetings. Centerpieces, entryways, reception tables, bridal bouquets and stage sets are only a few examples of how flowers are used in business and social event arenas.

There are many styles of floristry. Many nations have their own style of floral arranging. Ikebana is an oriental style of floral design that features simplicity and purity of lines and colours. In contrast, European style emphasizes colour and variety in mass gatherings of multiple flowers. These designs are often done as low mounds, or taller vase arrangements that are all-sided (360°). Many florists that follow this design style usually do not use carnations. High Style is a form of design originating from the United States. These designs often include a 'less is more' motto. Flowers that are popular among High Style florists include many rare tropical flowers and also more popular flowers such as carnations.

The craft of floristry involves various skills. These include selecting flowers that will look good together (based on principles of design or general instinct), knowing how to cut, treat, and arrange flowers and other stock plants so they will remain fresh as long as possible, and selling them, which involves knowledge of customer requirements and expectations. Floristry requires a certain creative flair and imagination combined with the knowledge of how to apply scientific and business practices. Knowing how to create original and bespoken floral arrangements, floral tributes, wreaths, bouquets, corsages, boutonnieres/'buttonholes', artificial arrangements and other more complicated arrangements is also important. Wreaths for example can be made of many different types of flowers and plants, and often include ribbon and artificial product.