X Speak on the topic using the following words and word combinations:

scenic designer, props, scale models, stage, principles of design, visually appealing, technical director, scene shop, responsible for

Text B

I Read and remember:

1. to rely on покладатися, довіряти

2. heighten підсилювати

3. to delineate окреслювати

4. to convey передавати, виражати

5. excessive надмірний

6. exaggerated перебільшений

7. runway подіум

II Read the text and define the main idea of it: Scenic Makeup

Some ancient theatrical traditions have relied on masks for the creation of visual characters; others have relied on makeup for the same purpose.

Ancient Greek theatre was masked, but later European theatre usually used stage makeup to create characters, heighten facial features, and compensate the effects of stage lighting absence. Until the twentieth century, performers were expected to do their own makeup, as they were expected to supply their own stage costumes. The professional theatrical makeup artist is a modern phenomenon, as is the theatrical costume designer.

Theatrical makeup is inseparable from the act of performance itself. The aim of theatrical makeup is to delineate and enhance the role of a character and to give performers an additional tool for conveying the characters being performed. Stage makeup is often used to create visual stereotypes that will be readily understood by the audience. Stage makeup is usually much more colourful and graphic than ordinary cosmetic makeup. When viewed closely, it can seem excessive and exaggerated, but it works when the performer is on stage being seen at a distance by the audience. Theatrical makeup itself is also heavier, denser, and more strongly coloured than ordinary cosmetics.

For many performers, the act of putting on makeup is an important part of the ritual of preparing for a performance; it allows the performer to move psychologically into the role of the character as the makeup is being applied.

Makeup artists are employed today in a variety of roles, and they often specialize in, for example, theatrical makeup, cinema makeup, fashion photography and runway makeup, or special effects. They typically require years of training and practice to perfect their skills. Social effects makeup is particularly prominent in the world of film, but has also played an important role in the success of many popular Broadway productions.

By the early twenty-first century makeup in different theatrical and fashion genres began to cross previously rigid barriers. The world of film, especially in special effects, has had a profound impact on the development of new techniques of stage makeup, and today theatrical makeup shows up regularly on fashion catwalks as well. Recent fashion shows by Dior and Givenchy, for example, have been notable for their strong sense of theatre. Fashion makeup artists have begun to borrow liberally techniques from traditional stage makeup to create striking new designs. Meanwhile, theatrical makeup is enriched by new developments in film, fashion, photography and other media.

III Make up a plan of the text.

IV Translate the paragraph in italics in a written form.

V Questions for discussion:

1. Was an Ancient Geek theatre masked?

2. Why did European theatre usually use stage make up?

3. What is the aim of theatrical makeup?

4. What is the difference between stage makeup and ordinary cosmetic makeup?

5. Why is makeup very important for many performers?

6. How do modern designers use stage makeup?

VI Render the text in brief in a written form.

VII Practise reading the dialogue with your partner.

- Good evening. Ann!

- Good evening. Mary! This is a small world! How are you?

- Fine, thanks. How are you?

- Life is going its usual way. Thanks.

- Pleased to hear it. Where do you have a seat?

- In the stalls, row C. And where is your seat?

- In the box, close to the stage.

- So you don't have to use opera glasses.

- That's right. What do you think of the play?

- The action develops slowly. Some scenes are dull. The cast is not very good. Do you share my opinion?

- Frankly speaking I do. That happens to be a rather poor performance. Have you been to this theatre before?

- Haven't had a chance, you know. I am here for the first time. I like the hall. It is beautifully decorated. The chairs are comfortable and the chandelier is wonderful. To put it in a nutshell everything here is magnificent but the performance.

- I advise you to see "Othello" by Shakespeare at this theatre. You will be impressed.

- I have been dreaming of seeing any play by Shakespeare. I'll do my best to see "Othello".

- I want to inform you that the best actors are engaged in the performance. The leading man is the famous actor. His name is well-known both in this country and abroad.

- I hope I'll enjoy the performance. The lights are going down.

- We must hurry to the hall. In a minute the curtain will be up.

- See you later.

VIII Give the main idea of the dialogue in your own words.

IX Make up your own dialogues using the key words and expressions from the unit.

TEXT С

I Mind the following words and word-combinations:

1. fashion show показ мод

2. photographic shoots фотозйомки

3. rely on покладатися на

4. retractable lipstick помада, що викручується

II Listen to the text. Decide if the statements are true or false:

1. The first retractable lipstick was designed in 1950.

2. In the 19^th century, theatrical performers did their own makeup.

3. During the 20^th century the role of the makeup artists remained an anonymous one.

4. Makeup artists don’t have specialized skills to create style and image.

5. The professional makeup artist is a modern phenomenon.

III Listen to the text again and be ready to answer the questions:

1. What fields do makeup artists work in?

2. Did the concept of ‘makeup artist’ exist until the 20^th century?