Вариант №3.

I. Перепишите предложения, определите степени сравнения прилагательных или наречий, переведите на русский язык.

1. In spring the days are longer and warmer than in winter.

2. The Ob is one of the longest Siberian rivers.

3. This is the highest building in our town.

4. This collective farm is the richest in our region.

5. Baikal is the largest fresh-water lake in Europe and Asia.

II. Перепишите предложения, определите видовременные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив, переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. We went to this farm last year.

2. He has made three experiments today.

3. I have seen this film.

4. We will begin our work next week.

5. They had finished their lessons by 7.

III. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент, переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. You must come tomorrow.

2. He was to speak at the meeting.

3. You should read this book.

4. He can translate this text.

5. They had to go to the library

IV. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните причастия, установите функции каждого из них (определение, обстоятельство, часть сказуемого). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. We see growing plants.

2. What are you doing?

3. Working at this problem they had to read many books.

4. The work done by the students is very interesting.

5. The translation made without a dictionary was very good.

V. Прочитайте переведите текст.

Text A

WHAT SURVEYING AND MAPPING TECHNICIANS DO

Surveying technicians assist surveyors in taking accurate measurements outdoors.

Surveying and mapping technicians assist surveyors, cartographers, and photogrammetrists. Together, they collect data and make maps of the earth’s surface. Surveying technicians visit sites to take measurements of the land. Mapping technicians use geographic data to create maps.

Duties

Surveying technicians typically do the following:

• Operate surveying instruments, such as electronic distance-measuring equipment, to collect data on a location

• Visit sites to record survey measurements and other descriptive data

• Search for previous survey points, such as old stone markers

• Set out stakes and marks to conduct the survey, and then retrieve them

• Enter the data from surveying instruments into computers, either in the field or in an office

Surveying technicians assist surveyors in the field on teams, known as survey parties. Then, in the office, they help to process the data collected in the field. A typical survey party consists of a party chief and one or more surveying technicians and helpers. The party chief, either a surveyor or a senior surveying technician, leads day-to-day work activities.

Mapping technicians typically do the following:

• Select needed information from relevant databases to create maps

• Produce maps showing boundaries, water locations, elevation, and other features of the terrain

• Update maps to ensure accuracy

• Assist photogrammetrists by laying out aerial photographs in sequence to identify areas not captured by aerial photography

Mapping technicians help cartographers and photogrammetrists produce and upgrade maps. They do this work on computers, combining data from different sources.

Text B

CANALS

Canals are man-made channels for water. There are two types of canal:

Waterways: navigable transportation canals used for carrying ships and boats shipping goods and conveying people, further subdivided into two kinds:

Those connected to existing lakes, rivers, or oceans. Included are inter-basin canals, such as the Suez Canal, Erie Canal, and the Panama Canal.

Those connected in a city network: such as the Canal Grande and others of Venice Italy; the gracht of Amsterdam, and the waterways of Bangkok.

Aqueducts: water supply canals that are used for the conveyance and delivery of potable water for human consumption, municipal uses, and agriculture irrigation.

Canals are created in one of three ways, or a combination of the three, depending on available water and available path:

Types of artificial waterways.

A canal can be created where no stream presently exists. Either the body of the canal is dug or the sides of the canal are created by piling dirt, stone, concrete, or other building materials. The water for the canal must be provided from an external source like other streams or reservoirs. Examples include canals that connect valleys over a higher body of land, like Canal du Midi and Canal de Briare.

A stream can be canalized to make its navigable path more predictable and easier to maneuver. Canalization modifies the stream to more safely carry traffic by controlling the flow of the stream with dredging, damming, and modifying its path. Examples include Basse Saône, Canal de Mines de Fer de la Moselle, and Aisne River. Riparian zone restoration may be required.

When a stream is too difficult to modify with canalization, a second stream can be created next to the existing stream. This is called a lateral canal. The existing stream usually acts as the water source and its banks provide a path for the new body.