Vocabulary

1. gold-dorned •• -io.-ioi o

2. rh'xt! 7'! * s He *. > > Si

3. ashes noni.i

.iriid-? f'0;uic : chcjtrsci-tvee .. r,.i:

o glory ■

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EXERCISES /. Make up tl:a sentences:

Kyiv		to the West
Ukraine	is ■-.ituated	on the Black Sea coast
Odesa	is located	in the Western part of Ulrame
Poland	lies	in the European part
Lviv		on the Dnieper river
be; I in		Canada
Kyiv		USA
Washington	:s the capital of Scotland
Ottawa		England
London		Ukraine

2. Chose the right variant:

1. ... it was 1500 years old

a) In 1982; b) In 1892; c) In 1989.

2. Kyiv occupies an area of...

a) 790 sq. miles; b) 970 sq. kilometers; c) 790 sq. kilometers.

3. One half of its territory is occupied by.

a) monuments; b) theatres and hotels; c) parks and gardens.

4. Kyiv is famous for its ...

a) theatres; b) libraries; c) pjirks and gardens.

5. Kyiv is ... of all Ukrainian people.

a) a center; b) pride and glory, c) city.

in. Ask your friend to give you as much information as possible about the capital of our country.

If. Tell about the history of Kyiv.

OUTSTANDING PEG PL E OF UKRAINE

In the history of humanity there have always bee;, people wly.v* actions and ideas influenced the lives ot other peonle.

They have made a great contribution to use science, culture, social life. As far as Ukraine is concerned- it is a great country with rich history and originated traditions and customs.

Ukraine gave birth to mam talented people in different spheres Ukrainian outstanding poets and writers such as Taras Shevchenko Ivan Franko. Lessya Ukrainka. Mil;hatlo Kotsyubinsky and others are known all over the world.

Such prominent people as Mikhaiio Groushcvsky. Mikhnilo Dragomanov contributed greatly to the world historical science. M Groushevsky was the first president of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1918.

Vladimir Vemadskv was the first president of the Ukm’ni?:: Academy of sciences. He made a great contribution to different fields of science. He conducted research in the structure ot silicates and rare elements. V. Vernadsky was the first in our country to introduce the

spectra; method for the solution of geochemical problems i!e devoted a special study to the composition of the Earths crust, the ocean and the atmosphere. V. Vernadsky was the four ier of the modern' doctrine on the biosphere. His findings contributed to ihe world science.

The scientific activity and life of many world famous scientists such as I). Zabolotny, A. Bogomolets, M. Sklifosovsky. M. Strazlusko are closely connected with Ukraine.

We are proud of Yevgen Paton, a great specialist in electric welding and engineering. Oleg Antonov made a great contribution tr Ukrainian and world aviation.

Ukraine takes an active par’ in the world culV'-d process. O Dovzhenko is one of the outstanding founders of-ike cinematography in out country.

M. Lysenko was the founder of the Ukrainian national e 'mposmg school M Lysenko’s operas "Taras Bulba' . "Natalka P '•liavkv'. ’El^idu" are still staged at the world’s opera-houses

¹ ’kra:ui;a» opera singers are warmly received m marcomoinc.s The best known soloists are Anatoliy Sok*vyan«nk.o. Yevgeniva (vii; res':nicheuko, Dmitro Gnatyuk.

...jh world known sportsmen as S. Bubka. I. Deryugina. U. Bayui, L. P>deopaveva, E. Serebryanskaya, Y. Cloohkov?. on.' mar.y eiVrv eont.Tce'e-J greatly to the glory of our count r\ (

Tnt Ukrainian fine art is represented by the names oi ^osandi, Murashko. Borovikovsky, Pimonenko and others

EXERCISES

1. A n.\ n <Siie following questions:

1 "■ hat outstanding Ukrainian writers do vor kne ■

2. " viva; Ukrainian writer (poet; t yoi.r fa-ouate?

3. What outstanding Ukrainian scientists can you name?

4. What outstanding Ukrainian scientists have made _i cat Contributions to \nrlrl crVnrp'?

;>. wnat can you tell about Mikhailo Oroushevsky (Vladimir Vernadsky)?

4. What operas of M. Lysenko do you know?

5. What world known sportsmen do you know '

IS

2. Imagine that you are present at a meeting with foreign students.

They are interested in prominent figures of Ukrainian cult urn. Make up a conversation telling them about outstanding Ukrainian scientists, artists, musicians as much as you can.

2. Think of any famous Ukrainian writer or poet. Make a detailed report about this person. Provide your report with pictures and photos. Don 4 forget to mention:

S date of birth;

•f place of birth;

■S literary works by this person (give a short sunimaiy (/'one of tin- works, tell what is it about); v⁷ why this person was famous and respected by people; ^v' any interesting facts about childhood years and iile ot rr>

- person.

Memory ‘Worf^

Proverbs and sayings:

So man і? bom wise or learned. - Ніхто не народжується мудрецем і вчепим.

Great deeds live Великі справи живуть.

Necessity is the mother of invitation. Необхідність - маги винаходу.

A good deed is never lost. -■ Добра справа даремно не мина< .

PEOPLE OF UKRAINE

The history of the population of Ukraine's territon. dates back many centuries. The middle of Dnieper area (the present Kyiv and Cherkasv provinces) was the centre of the first state of the Eastern Slavs. In the Northern part of modem Ukraine and in Chernihiv. L.vi\ and Lutsk they grew and prospered. These regions belonged to the most densely¹ settled" territories from the times of Kviv Rus until the 19th century. The intensive settlement of the southern regions began in the second half of the 19th century in connection with the rapid growth³ of fanning and the development of the mining industry in Donbas and the Kriviy Rig area.

Nowadays the population of Ukraine is about 48 mln. 3/4 (three forth) are Ukrainians. There are certain regional differences in their folk culture, life style and even language. About 20% of the population are Russians. Other nationalities are Jews, Moldavians. Byelorussians, Armenians, Poles, Tatars. Gypsies¹. Germans and others. They comprise³ about 6%.

There are many Ukrainians living outside our country. There should be a total of 7 mln Ukrainians living abroad. Many are found in the USA (1 000 000) and Canada (500 000). About a million of Ukrainians lives throughout Europe (in Poland, France. England), South America (Argentina, Brazil) and Australia. Many of overseas Ukrainians no longer speak Ukrainian but they still worship in their own churches, remember their origin and keep contacts with their relatives in Ukraine.

Most of the Ukraine’s population is urban. About 70% of people live in cities and towns. The largest ci«v is the capital - Kviv in ba^ about 4.5 mln people. The second big citv is Kharkiv with over 1.6 mln people. Dnipropetrovsk. Donetsk and Odesa have ! mln. residents each

RuraL population is spread unevenly.

In agricultural and industrial centres the population density is higher ilian in mou uaanous regions.

IocabiiUiry:

1. density 1 'dens і 11 j ■ щільно

2. settle f’secl] заселяти

3. growth |grou6] - зростання

2. gypsy f’d jipsi} - циганським

3. comprise [kam'praiz] складати

4. worship fwa:/ip] - ходити до церкви, молитися 7 urban ['з:bonJ міське населення

S. rural [’npri aill сіль .-ьі.е населенні-

EXERCISES

1. Answer the following questions:

1. Where did the first Slavs settle?

2. What is the population of Ukraine?

2. What peoples inhabit Ukraine?

4. In which countries beside Ukraine do Ukrainians live?

5. How many people live in cities and towns?

6. Which are the largest cities of our country ?

7. How is rural population spread?

8. What is the population in agricultural and industriaj centres?

2. Make up as many sentences as you can with the new words.

3. Give English equivalents for:

Держава, Східні Слов'яни, інтенсивне заселення, щільно заселені, у зв’язку з, швидке зростання, три четвертих, народна культура, стиль життя, євреї, поляки, цигани, німці, жити за кордоном, багато закордонних українців, молитися, церква, пам'ятати своє походження, підтримувати контакти, родичі, міське населення, житель, сільське населення, густота населення.

4. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense-form:

1. In the Northern part of modem Ukraine and in Chemihiv, Lviv and Lutsk they (to grow) and prospered.

2. About 20% of the population (to be) Russians.

3. About a million of Ukrainians (to live) throughout Europe.

4. Most of the Ukraine's population (to be) urban.

5. Dnipropetrovsk, Donetsk and Odesa (to have) ! mln. residents each.

UKRAINIAN CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONS

Traditions and customs are' a direct vibration of the historical past of nation. "Every country has its customs", the Enclish proverb savs.

One ot the most peculiar features wl’lite in Ukraine which strikes any visitor to this country is the cherishing¹ and preserving' of many traditions and customs.

And when we talk about Ukrainian traditions, we trace³ the history of our grandparents.

The Ukrainians have the tradition to meet people with bread and salt on a special embroidered⁴ towel "rushnik". Bread and salt are used as a symbol of welcome'. They are essential⁶ parts of everyday life and ceremonial occasions. Embroidered towels of all sizes called "rushnik" mark the celebration of engagement⁷, marriage⁸, birth, death, Christmas and Easter. In many homes "rushniki" are draped⁹ around icons and family portraits. The decoration of "rushniki" or "written-upon eggs" 's a rich folk tradition dating back to prehistoric times in Ukraine.

The traditional embroidery is another distinctive element¹⁰ of Ukrainian culture. Embroidered shirts called "sorochki" were traditionally worn by both men and women. Each region of Ukraine has its own hiehlv developed style of embroiderv. /

Ukrainians have many traditional meals' . Ukrainian parties ’ vechornitsv" are a custom to spend tree time ir the evening with songs and poems, stories, jokes and dances. . lany interesting holidays are connected with the historical development of Ukraine. Many interesting traditions are connected with the Ukrainian wedding¹“.

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