Автор-укладач Дорож Ірина Петрівна, викладач англійської мови Березнівського лісового коледжу

Рецензент Осницька Тетяна Романівна, викладач англійської мови Березнівського лісового коледжу

Рекомендовано до друку та використання в навчальному процесі цикловою комісією соціально-гуманітарних дисциплін Березнівського лісового коледжу Протокол „Уеб від 20 лютого 2007р.

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зMIC т 2

UKRAINE 4

Vocabulary: 5

EXERCISES 5

Vocabulary: 8

EXERCISES 11

INDUSTRY 12

AGRICULTURE 12

EXERCISES 13

THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF UKRAINE 14

EXERCISES 16

THE CONSTITUTION OF UKRAINE 16

LARGE CII/ES AND TOWNS OF UKRAINE 18

EXERCISES 20

EXERCISES 23

Memory ‘Worf^ 24

PEOPLE OF UKRAINE 24

UKRAINIAN CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONS 26

Memory Wor^ 28

UKRAINE ROUND THE CALENDAR 28

Vocabulary: 28

EXERCISES 29

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IN UKRAINE 29

Vocabulary: 30

EXERCISES 30

MY NATIVE TOWN 31

Vocabulary: 32

EXERCISES 32

THE STRUCTURE OF EDUCATION IN UKRAINE 33

Vocabulary: 43

EXERCISES 44

ЛІТЕРА ТУРА 44

передмова

Даний посібник призначений для студентів 11 курсу бухгалтерського та лісогосподарського відділень Його мета допомогти студентам, для яких іноземна мова не є спеціальним предметом, вивчити тему "Україна". Дана тема передбачена програмою з іноземної мови.

Посібник включає в себе 15 тем, після яких подасться словник, ряд вправ на засвоєння лексичного матеріалу та розвиток мови з даної теми, а також вправи на повторення окремих раніше вивчених граматичних тем.

Автор - укладач

UKRAINE

I live in Ukraine. Ukraine is a sovereign¹ state; it was proclaimed* on Augustf 24, 1991. Before it was one of the 15 republics ; • that made up the USSR. The country has its own territory,.

I ; government, national emblem³, state flag and anthem¹. There are 24 - ; administrative regions and the Crimean autonomous republic in j Ukraine.

; The geographical position of Ukraine is very favourable to the

" ; development of its relations with countries of Europe. It borders on“ j j Russia, Byelorussia, Moldova, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, and Romania.

^: : It covers an area of more than six hundred thousand square

. ; kilometers. Its population totals 55 million people.

95% of the Ukrainian area is flat⁶ and the rest of it is i ■ mountainous. The Ukrainian Carpathians and the Crimean Mountains i j make up those 5% of its area. Mixed forests of pines, firtrees, buches, i ; limes, oaks and elms cPver the mountains. The thickest woods can be found in the northern part of country.

Ukraine is washed by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov. The major ; rivers are the Dnieper, the Dniester, the Bug, and the Donets. The j Dnieper is one of the longest European rivers and one of the country's ! main sources of hydroelectric power.

; Ukraine has many industrial raw materials'. It has rich deposits

i of iron, color metals, coal, oil, gas, mineral salts. The country has ; metallurgical and hea^vy industries. It produces planes and ships,

| buses, motorcars, agricultural machines, chemical, textiles and various consumer goods.

; Ukraine is the agricultural country. It grows wheat, maize⁸,

; buckwheat⁹, corn¹⁰, vegetables, melons and berries. Ukraine is center ; of sugar production. It produces sugar both for own needs and for • ; export.

I | Ukraine has an anient history. It has its own original culture

I and arts.

| I Ukraine is one of the members of the United Nations

! ! Organization and participates in the work of many international ; organizations.

¹ | Nowadays Ukraine faces a lot of problems, mostly economical.

I A great disaster¹" happened to Ukraine in 1986. One of the

5 \y

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nuclear¹³ reactors of the Chernobyl atomic power station blasted ¹ Hundreds of square kilometers were contaminated with radiation.

Vocabulary:

1. sovereign ['sovrin] - незалежний

2. proclaim [praldeim] - проголошувати

3. national emblem - Герб

4. anthem [’aendam] - гімн

5. border on - межувати з

6. flat - рівнинний

7. raw materials [ro:] - сировина

8. maize [meiz] - кукурудза

9. buckweat [’bAkwit] - гречка

10. corn - зернозі

11. ancient [aenjant] — стародавній

12. disaster [di'za.sta] - лихо, катастрофа

13. nuclear [nju:k'lis] - ядерний

14. blast [bla st] - вибухати

EXERCISES

1. Answer the following questions:

1. What is the population of Ukraine?

2. What is the territory of Ukraine?

3. What countries does Ukraine border on?

4. Is Ukraine the largest country in Europe?

5. What big cities of Ukraine do you know?

6. What is Ukraine rich in?

7. What happened in 1986?

8. Ukraine is one of the members of the United Nations Organization, isn't it?

2. Write the interrogative and negative forms of the following sentences:

1. I live in Ukraine.

2. The geographical position of Ukraine is very favourable to the development of its relations with countries of Europe.

3. Ukraine has many industrial raw materials.

4. The country has metallurgical and heavy industries.

5. Ukraine is center of sugar production.

6. It has its own original culture and arts.

7. Ukraine has an ancient history.

8. Ukraine is one of the members of the United Nations Organization.

Ill Complete the following sentences:

1. The country has its own....

2. There are 24 administrative regions and....

3. It covers an area....

4. The thickest woods can be found....

5. Ukraine is washed by....

6. The major rivers are....

7. It has rich deposits of....

8. Ukraine is one of the members....

9. A great disaster happened....

10. Hundreds of square kilometers....

THE GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION OF UKRAINE

Ukraine lies in the eastern part of Europe. It borders on¹ Russia in the east, Byelorussia in the north, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary², Romania³ and Moldova in the west. It is washed by the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea in the south. With an area of 233.100 square miles (603.700 sq. km) it is one of the largest geographical entities⁴ in Europe, the second largest country on the continent. With the area larger than France, it has a population of about 52 million, of whose 73.6 % - Ukrainians, 21 % - Russians, 5.3 % - minorities⁵, 35.1 million urban⁶ and 16.6 million rural⁷; density⁸: 87 persons per 1 sq. km. Ukraine is inhabited by representatives of 128 nations, nationalities and ethnic groups.

The most part of its area is flat, but the plains⁹ are broken by high­lands, running from north-west to south-west, as well as lowlands.

In the north of Ukraine there are forests, in the west — the Carpathian mountains¹⁰, in the eastern and central Ukraine—black-soil steppelands.

The Carpathians are situated in Europe and stretch through Hungary. Poland, Romania, including Ukraine. They are divided into the West Carpathians, East and South ones. The highest point of the Ukrainian Carpathians is Hoverla — 2.061 metres above the sea level.

The second largest Ukrainian mountains are the Crimean moun­tains¹¹, which stretch for about 150 km along the coast of the Black Sea. The highest point of them is the mountain Roman-Kosh — 1545 metres above the sea level. The Crimea is a peninsula located in the south of Ukraine and is washed by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov.

The flora¹² and fauna¹³ of our country are extremely rich. Almost all kinds of animals and birds, different plants and vegetables are found on the territory of our vast land.

The nature of Ukraine is beautiful due to a number of rivers and lakes. There are 131 rivers in Ukraine. The longest ones are the Dniester, the Donets, and the Bug. The Dnipro is the main river in Ukraine. It divides the country into Right-bank and Left-bank areas. Most of the rivers are navigable¹⁴.

> Ukraine is rich in mineral resources¹⁵: coal, oil, gas, and iron ore.

The rich deposits¹⁵ of iron and coal are in the south of Ukraine, the deposits of gas and oil are in the Ukrainian Carpathians, different mineral waters are one more wealth¹⁷ of Ukraine.

The geographical position of Ukraine is very favourable¹⁸ for the development of its industry and agriculture.

Ukraine is a developed industrial country. It produces modem instruments, electronic microscopes, aeroplanes, ships, synthetic diamonds^{1 y} and consumer goods^I.

Ukrainian climate is good for cultivating different agricultural plenty Farming areas occupy 41.9 million hectares of Ukraine's arable soils'^II. About 4 million persons are employed in the agrarian sector.Jhe most important farming branch is crops breeding^III.

Animal husbandry is the second major farming branch. Unfortunately now, our country is through a period of great difficulties in its economic system.

Now Ukraine is building its new economy. The geographical position of Ukraine is good for maintaining^IV close economic relations with many European countries.