Самостійна аудиторна робота

• Сбор жалоб, анамнеза;

• Пальпация молочных желез;

• Пункцийная аспирацийная биопсия опухолей молочних желез.

• Дерматоскопия, биопсия опухоли кожи, забор мазка .

Литература:

Основная:

1. Билынский Б.Т. и соавт. Онкология.- Львов, 1998. - С.112-122 , 67-76.

2. Билынский Б.Т. и соавт. Онкология.- Львов,2007.- С. 233-255, 158-174.

3. Щепотин И.Б.и соавт. Онкология.- К.: Книга плюс. .– 2006. – С. 174-195, 459-474.

4. Материалы лекции.

Дополнительная:

1. Онкология. Избранные лекции для студентов и врачей/ Под редакцией В.Ф. Чехуна.- Киев: Здоров’я Украины, 2010.-768с

2. Щепотин И.Б., Бондарь Г.В., Ганул В.Л. и др. Алгоритмы совреенной онкологии. Киев.- Книга плюс.-2006.С. 129-142, 15-25.

Lesson 4

BREAST CANCER, DIAGNOSTICS, CLINIC, TREATMENT

1. Theme Topicality:

The necessity of studying this theme is determined by the constant increase of female morbidity and mortality from mammary gland malignant tumors. According to the mortality structure of women from malignant tumors, the mammary gland cancer takes the second place after stomach cancer. In spite of all modern diagnostic possibilities of mammary gland cancer, there is still high level of detection of advanced malignant tumor stages.

2. The goal of the lesson:

The student should master main approaches for modern diagnostics of breast cancer; conduct differential diagnostics of diseases, that have similar clinical history as breast cancer; reasonably apply therapeutic approach to breast cancer.

Concrete aims: Basic level of knowledge and skills for the

The student should know how to: student:

1. Make a plan of preventive measures and 1. Knowledge of pathophysiological mechanisms of

early detection of pre-cancer diseases and breast tumor appearance, general principals of early diagnostics

cancer. Clinical minimum of examined patients and treatment of cancer. Diagnostics and treatment of

dyshormonal hyperplasia and breast cancer

2. Form a high-risk group of possible patients 2. Knowledge of causation and pathogenesis of

with breast cancer dyshormonal hyperplasia and breast cancer

3. Diagnose breast cancer 3. Knowledge of breast cancer diagnostic methods.

Cytomorphologic diagnostics

4. Determine the stage and clinical group of 4. Knowledge of stage classification and clinical forms

breast cancer of breast cancer

5. Analyze the results of clinical, X-ray, 5. Knowledge of clinical forms, symptomatology and

cytomorphologic examinations of breast cancer diagnostics of breast cancer and benign tumors

6. Determine therapy approach to breast cancer 6. Knowledge of surgery therapy principals according to

according to the stage, growth habit (form), tumor the stage, growth habit (form), age; principals of

histostructure, patient’s age multimodality and combined therapy; chemotherapy

ORIENTATION CHART

for the independent work of students over academic literature

during their preparation for practical classes

Content and sequence of actions	Instructions for education activity
Etiology of breast cancer	Determine the role of endocrine correlations in female organism; relation to sex life, pregnancy and parturition; role of estrogens as an etiology factor
Dyshormonal abnormalities and benign tumors of breast	Name breast dyshormonal abnormalities and benign tumors
Clinical forms of breast cancer. Examination methods used when there is breast pathology. Clinical minimum of breast examination	Characterize breast cancer forms; describe examination stages of sick women; give clinical minimum of breast examination
Stages and dissemination ways of breast cancer. TNM system	Characterize stages; specify main collectors and dissemination ways; give the scheme
Morphological classification	Indicate histological forms of breast cancer
Diagnostics of breast cancer. Role of cytological examination	Enumerate methods of laboratory examinations; characterize cytological method
Treatment of dyshormonal hyperplasia and breast cancer	Enumerate methods of treatment; give proofs of their appropriateness. Special therapy

Questions to control the obtained knowledge

1. Point out main reasons and mechanisms of breast cancer development.

2. Characterize methods of clinical examination of patients with breast cancer.

3. Signs of nodular cancer form and its distinction from fibroadenoma and mastopathy.

4. Characterize Paget's cancer, edematic-infiltrative, mastitis-like and corset cancer forms.

5. Role and significance of laboratory examinations of patients with dyshormonal hyperplasia and breast cancer.

6. Characterize mammographic signs of breast cancer.

7. Descride role and significance of cytomorphological examinations in differential diagnostics of dyshormonal hyperplasia and breast cancer.

8. Treatment of dyshormonal hyperplasia and breast cancer.

9. Importance of self-examination made by women for timely detection of breast cancer.

Task for study-research activity of a student

Analyze cases of late diagnostics of breast cancer according to the data for the three months of the current year received from the clinical mammalogy centre at oncologic dispensary.

Situation problems

19 – year old patient K. appealed to the policlinic of oncologic dispensary having complaints on painful swelling in her right breast. During palpation she had a sharp pain in upper outward quadrant of her breast. After puncture there had been received 2ml of pus. Set the right diagnosis. Institute the therapy.

Literature

1. Lecture materials.

2. Cancer medicine. BC Decker Inc.- Hamilton.- London.- 2003

МЕТОДИЧНА ВКАЗІВКА