- •Введение
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Point out new information
- •3 Find the definition of automation. Explain the origin of the word “automation”
- •4 Make up dialogues with your group mates using information from the text
- •5 Translate into English. Write down and memorize the unknown words and word-combinations
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Point out new information
- •3 Prepare the brief annotation of the text
- •4 Translate into English. Write down and memorize the unknown words and word-combinations
- •Text 3 early developments of automation
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Point out new information
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Point out new information
- •3 Answer the following questions. If you need scan the text again
- •Автоматизация и электроника
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Be ready to comment on:
- •Sources of power available to accomplish some automated action
- •Two types of the actions performed by automated systems
- •Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Point out new information
- •Give extended answers to the following questions:
- •4 Choose the necessary information about five basic components of feedback control system from the text and use it in your summary
- •5 Translate into English. Write down and memorize the unknown words and word-combinations
- •Text 7 machine programming
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Point out new information.
- •3 Comment on:
- •4 Try to arrange the text in the form of abstract
- •5 Translate into English. Write down and memorize the unknown words and word-combinations
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •Read the text. Point out new information
- •Answer the following questions. When you answer these questions don’t repeat exactly what the text says
- •4 Speak on: The development of robotics.
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Point out new information
- •3 Explain the definition of an industrial robot. Do it in dialogues of your own
- •4 Speak on the applications of the industrial mechanical manipulator
- •5 Translate into English. Write down and memorize the unknown words and word-combinations
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Be ready to comment on:
- •Text 11 manufacturing applications of automation and robotics
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Point out new information
- •3 Give extending answers to the following questions:
- •4 Speak on: Specific processing operations along an automated production line
- •5 Translate into English. Write down and memorize the unknown words and word -combinations
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Point out new information
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Point out new information
- •Автоматическая сборка
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Try to grasp both the central idea and the details. Be ready to speak on:
- •3 Translate into English. Write down and memorize the unknown words and word-combinations
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Skim through the text to determine the general idea
- •3 State briefly in some sentences what the flexible manufacturing system is
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Be ready to speak on:
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Point out new information
- •3 Find the additional information about the applications of automation in the transportation industries and use it in your summary
- •1 Read the text. Point out new information
- •State briefly what the text is about
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Be ready to speak on:
- •1 Read the text. Be ready to speak on:
- •Text 22 advantages and disadvantages of automation
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Point out new information
- •3 Summarize the information given in the text about:
- •Advantages of automation
- •Disdvantages of automation
- •Part II
- •Texts for supplementary reading
- •Text1 industrial robotics
- •Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text
- •3 Write one expository essay with the introduction, conclusion, and at least three body paragraphs
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Point out new information
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •3 Give a brief summary of the text
- •1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
- •2 Read the text. Point out new information
- •3 Speak on:
- •Computer-aided manufacturing
- •Computer-aided design
Answer the following questions. When you answer these questions don’t repeat exactly what the text says
What is robotics based on?
What is numerical control?
What is teleoperator?
4 Speak on: The development of robotics.
Represent some additional information concerning this topic
TEXT 9 THE ROBOT MANIPULATOR
1 Use these words to strengthen vocabulary
sequence – последовательность / ряд
rigid – жесткий, негнущийся, негибкий
adjacent – соседний, смежный, близлежащий
translational – поступательный
rotary – вращающийся
wrist – поршневой палец
gripper – захватное устройство, клещи
to grasp – зажимать, схватывать
to orient – ориентировать, определять местонахождение
envelope –обертка, обшивка, кожух; защитная среда
2 Read the text. Point out new information
The most widely accepted definition of an industrial robot is one developed by the Robotic Industries Association:
An industrial robot is a reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move materials, parts, tools, or specialized devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks.
The technology of robotics is concerned with the design of the mechanical manipulator and the computer systems used to control it. It is also concerned with the industrial applications of robots, which are described below.
The mechanical manipulator of an industrial robot is made up of a sequence of link and joint combinations. The links are the rigid members connecting the joints. The joints (also called axes) are the movable components of the robot that cause relative motion between adjacent links. There are five principal types of mechanical joints used to construct the manipulator. Two of the joints are linear, in which the relative motion between adjacent links is translational, and three are rotary types, in which the relative motion involves rotation between links.
The manipulator can be divided into two sections: (1) an arm-and-body, which usually consists of three joints connected by large links, and (2) a wrist, consisting of two or three compact joints. Attached to the wrist is a gripper to grasp a work part or a tool (e.g., a spot-welding gun) to perform a process. The two manipulator sections have different functions: the arm-and-body is used to move and position parts or tools in the robot's work space, while the wrist is used to orient the parts or tools at the work location. The arm-and-body section of most commercial robots is based on one of four configurations. Each of the anatomies, as they are sometimes called, provides a different work envelope (i.e., the space that can be reached by the robot's arm) and is suited to different types of applications.
3 Explain the definition of an industrial robot. Do it in dialogues of your own
4 Speak on the applications of the industrial mechanical manipulator
5 Translate into English. Write down and memorize the unknown words and word-combinations
Робот – автомат, осуществляющий действия, подобные действиям человека. Термин, употребленный впервые К. Чапеком в пьесе «R. U. R.» в 1920, которым часто обозначают машины с так называемым антропоморфным (человекоподобным) действием; обычно им придают внешнее сходство с человеком.
Роботы освобождают людей от тяжелой и однообразной работы, выполняя, например, такие операции, как покраска или сварка. Их можно использовать в опасных условиях, например в ядовитой атмосфере или в жерле вулкана. Роботы, оборудованные электронными «глазами», могут также проверять или сортировать готовые изделия.
Первой начала использовать роботов фирма «Дженерал моторс» (США) в 1961 г. Сейчас первое место в мире по производству и использованию промышленных роботов занимает Япония. Первого робота привезли туда из США в 1967 г., а уже к 1978 г. японцы выпускали 10 тысяч роботов в год. В 90-х гг. Япония уже производила половину всех роботов в мире, в основном для использования в автомобильной и электронной промышленности.
TEXT 10 ROBOT PROGRAMMING