Завдання для самостійної роботи ііі. Вправи на формування навичок та вмінь читання

Вправа 1 Прочитайте слова та словосполучення, знайдіть їх у тексті «Тhe Beginning Of Music» та використайте у створенні власних діалогів і розповідей.

To attach – приписувати, to state – встановлювати, exactly – точно, to frame an answer – дати відповідь, satisfactory – задовільний, to define – визначити, commonly – зазвичай, a good deal – багато, multitude – більшість, to strike (struck, struck) – вдаряти, purpose – ціль, violent – сильный,

agitation – збудження, drum – барабан, parchment – пергамент, wave – хвиля, sensation – відчуття, appreciate – оцінювати, vibration – коливання, per second – в секунду, respond – реагувати, pitch – висота (звука, голосу), to distinguish – розрізнять.

Вправа 2 Перш, ніж прочитати текст, погляньте на заголовок і скажіть, про що йдеться мова в цьому тексті, що вам відомо з цієї теми. Прочитавши текст, скажіть, чи правильно ви здогадалися про його зміст.

THE BEGINNING OF MUSIC

In ordinary speech we often use words to which everyone attaches a definite meaning; and yet If we are asked to state exactly what their meaning is, we find it difficult to frame a satisfactory answer. Such terms, for instance, as “beauty”, “truth”, “colour”, “electricity” are hard to define, yet they have a real meaning for everybody who uses them. The use of the term “Music” is common enough, but nobody has yet found a satisfactory reply to the question “What is Music?”. It is quite possible to say a good deal about the material out of which Music – as the term is commonly used – is made.

Musical material. This material is SOUND, but out of the multitude of sounds which can be made, only a very few are used for musical purposes. Sound is the result of vibration: if one strikes a low note on the pianoforte, the string can be seen in a state of a violent agitation. Also if a drum be struck, and the fingers placed lightly on the parchment, the vibration can easily be felt. Thus air-waves are formed when a stone is thrown into a pond, and when they reach the ear they give rise to a sensation known as sound. The human ear is not sensitive enough to appreciate all sounds. If the vibrations are fewer than about twenty per second, or more rapid than about thirty-eight thousand per second, the ear in most cases does not respond. It is interesting to note that some animals, especially dogs, can detect sounds which are too high in pitch for us to distinguish.

Вправа 3 Знайдіть відповіді на запитання в прочитаному тексті.

1. Can you give a satisfactory reply to the question “What is Music?”

2. What is the material out of which Music is made?

3. What is Sound?

4. When can the vibration be felt?

5. Is the human ear sensitive enough to appreciate all sounds?

Вправа 4 Передайте зміст прочитаного тексту товаришам.