- •030300.62 - Психология
- •Содержание
- •Unit 11. Social Pressure and Perception……………………………………….42 Unit 12. Secrets of the Brain: the Mystery of Memory……………………...…45
- •Unit 22. Psychological and Drug Treatments………………………………….90 Unit 23. Computational modeling. Criticisms of psychology………………….93
- •Предисловие
- •Unit 1 Organization of the Nervous System
- •VI. Give the summary of the text. Unit 2 How the Brain is Studied
- •I. Answer the following questions on the text.
- •Unit 3 What Is Psychology
- •VIII. Give the summary of the text.
- •IX. Read the text and then translate it in writing.
- •Unit 4 Psychology As a Science
- •V. Complete the sentences.
- •VI. Make up sentences from the following words and word combinations.
- •VII. Give the summary of the text.
- •VIII. The text below is concerned with the application of psychology in children's education. Read the text and identify the topic.
- •Unit 5 Conceptual Approaches to Psychology
- •I. Answer the following questions on the text.
- •II. Answer the question expressing your own opinion.
- •III. Give Russian equivalents of the following.
- •IV. Find English equivalents in the text.
- •V. Complete the sentences.
- •VI. Make up sentences.
- •VII. Give the summary of the text.
- •VIII. Read the passage below, say what is new in it when compared with text "Conceptual Approaches to Psychology".
- •IX. Read the text below to identify the difference contained in some of the existing views on intelligence. Express your own opinion.
- •Unit 6 How Do Psychologists Study the Mind?
- •Active Agent And/Or Passive Victim
- •Unit 7 Careers in Psychology
- •Unit 8 What Is the Difference Between a Psychologist and a Psychiatrist?
- •I. Answer the following questions on the text.
- •Unit 9 What is Clinical Psychology?
- •I. Answer the following questions on the text.
- •Unit 10 Perception and Imagery
- •I. Answer the following questions on the text.
- •VII. Speak about perception and imagery.
- •VIII. Look through the text and say what new information you have learnt from it. Reading
- •Unit 11 Social Pressure and Perception
- •I. Answer the following questions on the text.
- •Controlled experiments
- •Unit 12 Secrets of the Brain: the Mystery of Memory
- •I. Answer the following questions on the text.
- •II. Answer the question expressing your own opinion. (no less that 10 sentences).
- •III. Give Russian equivalents of the following.
- •IV. Find English equivalents in the text
- •V. Complete the sentences.
- •VI. Make up sentences from the following words and word combinations.
- •VII. Speak about memory and its classification.
- •VIII. Read the text and answer the questions.
- •IX. Compare the American classification of memory suggested in the text below with the Russian one.
- •X. Test yourself.
- •XI. Read the text and then translate it in writing.
- •Unit 13 Thinking As a Process of Cognition
- •Answer the following questions on the text.
- •II. Answer the question expressing your own opinion. (no less that 10 sentences).
- •III. Give Russian equivalents of the following.
- •IV. Find English equivalents in the text
- •V. Complete the sentences.
- •VI. Make up sentences from the following words and word combinations.
- •VII. Speak out about thinking as a process of cognition.
- •VIII. Look through the passages from a to e which contain examples of inadequate ways of thinking and match them with the titles.
- •Unit 14 Motivation
- •I. Answer the following questions on the text.
- •II. Answer the question expressing your own opinion. (no less that 10 sentences).
- •III. Give Russian equivalents of the following.
- •IV. Find English equivalents in the text.
- •V. Complete the sentences.
- •VI. Make up sentences from the following words and word combinations.
- •VII. Speak about motivation.
- •VIII. Look through the text, using Notes, and give written answers on the following questions.
- •Hunger, Achievement, and Intrinsic Motivation
- •IX. Look through the text and single out the main problems raised.
- •X. Read the text and then translate it in writing.
- •Unit 15 Sleep
- •I. Answer the following questions on the text.
- •II. Answer the question expressing your own opinion. (no less that 10 sentences).
- •III. Give Russian equivalents of the following.
- •IV. Find English equivalents in the text
- •V. Complete the sentences.
- •VI. Make up sentences from the following words and word combinations:
- •VII. Speak about two kinds of sleep.
- •VIII. Read the text and give a 2-minute summary of it. Record your summary.
- •IX. Read the text. Give your arguments to support or reject one of the two points of view.
- •X. A. What are your sleeping habits? Interview your fellow student using this questionnaire (work in pairs).
- •XI. Play the Dream Game which can help you to understand your inner personality.
- •Interpretation
- •XII. Read the text and then translate it in writing.
- •Unit 16 Color Psychology
- •Adjustment
- •Unit 17 What Is Stress?
- •Stressors Cause Stress
- •The Consequences of Stress
- •Psychoanalysis and Person-Centered Therapy
- •Unit 18 Affiliation
- •I. After reading the text on affiliation answer whether the following statements are true or false:
- •II. Answer the question expressing your own opinion. (no less that 10 sentences).
- •III. Give Russian equivalents of the following.
- •IV. Find English equivalents in the text
- •V. Look through the text and
- •VI. Write out words from the text according to the following criteria:
- •VIII. Match the words with the opposite meaning:
- •IX. Match the words with a similar meaning:
- •X. Read the text and then translate it in writing. Social Comparison
- •Unit 19 Mental health
- •Relationships. Seperation & divorce. Sex.
- •Unit 20 Depression
- •Why is it important?
- •What's the difference between just feeling miserable and being depressed?
- •What are the signs and symptoms?
- •Why is depression different for men?
- •How do men cope?
- •Unit 21 What is a social phobia?
- •I. Answer the following questions on the text:
- •II. Answer the question expressing your own opinion. (no less that 10 sentences).
- •III. Give Russian equivalents of the following.
- •IV. Find English equivalents in the text
- •V. Give the summary of the text.
- •VI. Read the text and then translate it in writing. Pregnancy & children. Unemployment & retirement.
- •Unit 22 Psychological and Drug Treatments
- •Drug treatments
- •Suicide. Violence.
- •Unit 23 Computational modeling. Criticisms of psychology.
- •I. Answer the following questions on the text:
- •Correlational studies. Longitudinal studies. Neuropsychological methods.
- •Контрольные вопросы
- •Литература
VIII. Give the summary of the text.
IX. Read the text and then translate it in writing.
Solitude is Sometimes the Best Society
Occasional solitude is absolutely necessary for a developing mind. To have time to think is rare in the world today, and time must be made. To continue living working without moments of solitude is like expecting a machine to work indefinitely without oil.
Solitude is the best society for artists. The creation of any form of beauty depends upon the state of a man's mind, whether the person writes something or paints something.
But few people like being alone for a long time. The close society of acquaintances and friends, doing useless things to pass the time. People are afraid of having time to think, so they go to the cinema, the television set, or a football match, because they can think of nothing better to do. Creative work is fast disappearing; instead, we'll have a generation of watchers and thought will be left to the poets and scientists.
Some people wouldn't know what to do being alone at times. Finding other people's company preferable to their own, they begin to fell unhappy and grow introspective. Self - analysis can be carried too far by some; others lose the art of conversation, and an ability to give and take - and so run indefinitely without oil...
But to the rest of us solitude brings new worlds. When we think and feel, unwatched by man, ideas and feelings come to us, and we get new strength instead of becoming lost in a hurring world. Ideas and knowledge of oneself that come from peace are the best things in life; these come only from solitude -occasional solitude.
Unit 4 Psychology As a Science
Цель – формирование представлений студентов о психологии как науке, использование знания иностранного языка в профессиональной деятельности и профессиональной коммуникации.
Key words
1. human being |
человек |
2. inner |
внутренний |
3. personality |
личность |
4. diverse |
разнообразный |
5. exploration |
исследование |
6. phenomenon |
явление, феномен |
7. conscious |
сознательный |
8. origin |
происхождение |
9. manifestation |
проявление |
10. affect |
оказывать влияние, воздействовать на кого-либо, что-либо |
Text
Psychology is one of the most rapidly developing social science, touching almost every aspect of our lives. It has as its principal focus the individual human being, with special emphasis on the inner life, the personality, the patterns of thought, consciousness and behaviour of the person. Society which has become more complex is turning more and more to psychology to answer some of the serious human problems of our day and age. The public is already convinced of the benefits of using psychological findings in solving such diverse problems as mental illness, human factors in space exploration, as well as in helping persons become more self-actualizing.
As a branch of science it has been defined in various ways, according to the particular method of approach adopted or field of study proposed by the individual psychologist. But a comprehensive definition, which would include all varieties, so far as they can be rightly said to represent aspects of the original and historical meaning of the word, would run in some such way as this. Psychology is the branch of biological science which studies the phenomena of conscious life and behaviour, in their origin, development, and manifestation, and employing such methods as are available and applicable to the particular field of study or particular problem with which the individual scientist is engaged.
The main task of psychology as it developed in our country is materialistic investigation of the highest forms of human psychic (mental) activity, of their evolution in the process of socio-historical development, and of the fundamental laws of their operation.
Because psychology affects so many aspects of our lives it is important, even for those who do not intend to specialize in the field, to know something about its basic facts and research methods.
EXERCISES
I. Answer the following questions on the text.
What does psychology have as its principal focus?
Why is society turning more and more to psychology?
Why is the public already convinced of the benefits of using psychological findings?
What does psychology study?
What is the main task of psychology in our country?
Why do people have to know about psychological basic facts and research methods?
II. Answer the question expressing your own opinion (no less that 10 sentences).
What science do you consider the most important?
III. Give Russian equivalents of the following.
Rapidly developing science; special emphasis on the inner life; consciousness and behaviour of the person; benefits of using psychological findings; diverse problems; self-actualizing; method of approach; phenomena of conscious life; materialistic investigation; research methods.
IV. Find English equivalents in the text
Касаться почти всех аспектов нашей жизни; особый акцент на внутренней жизни; особенности мышления; сознание и поведение; использование результатов психологических исследований; общепринятое определение; изучать явления сознательной жизни; доступные и применимые методы; специфическая проблема; отдельная область изучения; высшие формы психической (мыслительной) деятельности; эволюция в процессе социально-исторического развития.