X. Britannia Incorporated

1690–1750. As the new century dawned, relations between Scotland and England had never been worse. Yet half a century later the two countries would be making a future together based on profit and interest.

1692	William III massacres the Jacobites at Glencoe
1707	Act of Union between Scotland and England. The Scottish parliament was dissolved and England and Scotland became one country.
GeorgianBritain
In 1714 the British throne passed to a German family, the Hanoverians.
1714	George of Hanover, Germany succeeds Queen Anne to the Throne
1721	Sir Robert Walpole becomes the first Prime Minister
1746	Bonnie Prince Charlie is defeated at the Battle of Culloden
1757	First canal in Britain is completed
1776	America declares independence from Britain
1780's	Industrial Revolution Begins
1783	Steam powered cotton mill invented by Sir Richard Arkwright

Task 1. Watch the film and find out who the following people were:

William III, James II, Jacobites, William Patterson, James Edward Stuart, Queen Ann, Louis XIV, Whigs and Tories, Jesuits, George I, Robert Walpole, Earl of Mar, William Hogarth, Thomas Coram, Bonnie Prince Charlie, Red Coats, Duke of Cumberland, David Hume, Adam Ferguson, Robert Adam, Adam Smith.

Task 2. While watching the film pay attention to the descriptions of the following events and places: Battle of Killiecrankie, Glencoe, Glorious Revolution, Darien, Treaty of the Union, Jacobite Rising of 1715, 1745 Uprising, Battle of Prestonpans, Culloden.

Task 3. Watch the film and find answers to the following questions:

1. What were the political and social consequences of the Glorious Revolution?

2. What was the origin of the Jacobite movement?

3. Describe the origin and the realisation of the Darien scheme.

4. What events preceded and followed the Act of the Union?

5. Describe the process of dynastic change and the first years of Hanoverian Rule in Britain

6. What were the major events of Jacobite uprising of 1715?

7. Describe the political career of Robert Walpole and the transformation Britain underwent during his term of service as Prime Minister

8. What were the social conditions in Britain in the first half of the 18^th c.?

9. How did the 1745 uprising begin and what were its major events?

10. What were the immediate results of the Uprising?

11. Describe the changes in the political, social and cultural life in Scotland after 1746

Obstinately loyal – верный до конца

To make the pledge– принести клятву

Massacre – массовое кровопролитие

Purgatory– чистилище (перен. – место страданий)

God’s wrath – гнев Божий

Ship cargo – корабельный груз

Lairds of the lagoon– лорды (шотл. лэрды)

Anglophobia– англофобия, ненависть к Англии и англичанам

Crisis over succession– кризис, вызванный отсутствием единого кандидата на престол

Trade concessions– благоприятные условия для торговли

Carrot stick – политика кнута и пряника

Writing on the Wall– надпись на стене (библ.), дурное предзнаменование

Serfdom– крепостное право

Intermission- перерыв

Sceptered Isle– остров под скипетром, Британия

Religious convictions– религиозные убеждения

Patronage– патронаж, протекция

Xanadu – Занаду, земной рай (из поэмы Кольриджа)

To demolish-уничтожить

Self-indulgence – потакание себе

Hanoverian Britain – Британия времен правления Ганноверской династии (1714 - 1901)

To kindle – разжигать, инициировать

Virtue- добродетель

To jostle– сражаться, противостоять

Consumerism- потребительство

Debtor’s prison – долговая тюрьма

Smallpox- оспа

Foundling hospital – приют для брошенных детей

Connoisseur – знаток, ценитель (франц.)

Effigy – изображение, чучело

Task 4. Supplementary Reading. Read the following texts and mark the facts that were not mentioned in the film

The Acts of Union 1707

The Acts of Union were two Acts of Parliament: the Union with Scotland Act 1706 passed by the Parliament of England, and the Union with England Act passed in 1707 by the Parliament of Scotland. They put into effect the terms of the Treaty of Union that had been agreed on 22 July 1706, following negotiation between commissioners representing the parliaments of the two countries. The Acts joined the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland (previously separate states, with separate legislatures but with the same monarch) into a single, united kingdom named "Great Britain".

The two countries had shared a monarch since the Union of the Crowns in 1603, when King James VI of Scotland inherited the English throne from his double first cousin twice removed, Queen Elizabeth I. Although described as a Union of Crowns, until 1707 there were in fact two separate Crowns resting on the same head (as opposed to the implied creation of a single Crown and a single Kingdom, exemplified by the later Kingdom of Great Britain). There had been three attempts in 1606, 1667, and 1689 to unite the two countries by Acts of Parliament, but it was not until the early 18th century that both political establishments came to support the idea, albeit for different reasons.

The Acts took effect on 1 May 1707. On this date, the Scottish Parliament and the English Parliament united to form the Parliament of Great Britain, based in the Palace of Westminster in London, the home of the English Parliament. Hence, the Acts are referred to as the Union of the Parliaments.