- •Английский язык
- •Предисловие
- •Part 1. Vocabulary practice
- •2. Read and translate the following text. Text 1 Electronics
- •3. Check your knowledge of the following terms.
- •4. Fill in the blanks with the words given below.
- •Part 2. Speaking practice
- •5. Answer the following questions to the text «Electronics».
- •6. Agree or disagree with the following statements. Use such word combinations as:
- •7. Make up a dialogue on the following situation:
- •Part 3. Translation practice
- •8. Выполните следующие предтекстовые задания:
- •Text 2 Fabrication Technology
- •Abstract
- •Unit 2. Vacuum Tubes part 1. Vocabulary practice
- •2. Read and translate the following text. Text 1
- •Vacuum Tubes
- •3. Give English equivalents to the following Russian terms.
- •4. Fill in the blanks with the words given in the text.
- •5. Translate into English.
- •Part 2. Speaking practice
- •6. Answer the following questions to the text “Vacuum Tubes”.
- •Part 3. Translation practice
- •Text 2 cmos Technology
- •Unit 3. Emission part 1. Vocabulary practice
- •1. Memorize the following words and word combinations.
- •2. Read and translate text 1. Text 1 Emission
- •3. Find English equivalents for the following terms.
- •4. Choose Russian equivalents for the following words from the list given below.
- •Part 2. Speaking practice
- •5. Name the main points of the text 1 basing on the following questions.
- •6. Suggest the answers to the following descriptions using the words given below.
- •7. Make up a dialogue on the following situation:
- •Part 3. Translation practice
- •8. Выполните следующие предтекстовые задания:
- •Text 2 cmos Technology
- •Unit 4. Tube Noise part 1. Vocabulary practice
- •2. Read and translate the text 1. Text 1 Tube Noise
- •3. Choose the proper word from the brackets.
- •4. Make up sentences out of the following words.
- •Part 2. Speaking practice
- •5. Point out which of these sentences does not contain the information from the text.
- •6. Give the main points of the text answering the following questions.
- •7. Write an annotation of the text. Use the following phrases.
- •8. Make up a dialogue on the following situation:
- •Part 3. Translation practice
- •9. Выполните следующие предтекстовые задания:
- •Text 2 Basic Microfabrication Steps
- •Unit 5. Compounds and Elements part 1. Vocabulary practice
- •2. Read and translate the text. Text 1 Compounds and Elements
- •3. Read the following international words and guess their meanings.
- •4. Give English equivalents for the following words and word combinations.
- •6. Translate into English.
- •Part 2. Speaking practice
- •7. Give definitions of the following words: “a compound”, “an element”, “a molecule”, “an atom”. Memorize them.
- •8. Answer the following questions to the text.
- •9. Read the following interesting facts about oxygen and discuss them in your group. Did You Know?
- •10. Reveal the structure of any element’s or compound’s molecule depicting it on the blackboard. Part 3. Translation practice
- •11. Выполните следующие предтекстовые задания:
- •Text 2 Thin-film Deposition
- •Научный редактор г.В. Царева Редактор издательства л.И. Афонина
6. Translate into English.
1. Внешняя оболочка любого атома называется его валентной оболочкой. 2. Число электронов в валентной оболочке известно как валентность атома. 3. В атоме алюминия 13 электронов, из которых 3 находятся во внешней оболочке. 4. Атом алюминия может легко отдавать эти валентные электроны, поэтому алюминий является проводником. 5. Движение дырок и электронов хаотическое, но если применить напряжение, электроны начнут двигаться в одном направлении, а дырки – в противоположном направлении.
Part 2. Speaking practice
7. Give definitions of the following words: “a compound”, “an element”, “a molecule”, “an atom”. Memorize them.
8. Answer the following questions to the text.
1. How many elements are known to science today? 2. Are the properties of a compound equal to the properties of its constituent parts? 3. What does the atom consist of? 4. What can you say about the outer shell of any atom? 5. What happens when an electron leaves the covalent bond? 6. What do you know about recombination?
9. Read the following interesting facts about oxygen and discuss them in your group. Did You Know?
Air is 78 percent nitrogen and 21 percent oxygen. Oxygen is about twice as soluble in water as nitrogen. If it had the same solubility as nitrogen, much less oxygen would be present in seas, lakes and rivers, and life would be very different.
Almost two-thirds of the weight of living things comes from oxygen, mainly because living things contain a lot of water and 88.9 percent of water's weight comes from oxygen.
Oxygen (O2) is unstable in our planet's atmosphere and must be constantly replenished by photosynthesis in green plants. Without life, our atmosphere would contain almost no O2.
If we discover any other planets with atmospheres rich in oxygen, we will know that life is almost certainly present on these planets; significant quantities of O2 will only exist on planets when it is released by living things.
Just five elements make up over 90 percent of the weight in the Earth's crust. Almost half of the weight of the crust comes from oxygen. (Silicon, aluminum, iron and calcium are the other four main elements in the crust.)
Oxygen is made in stars which have a mass of five or more Earth suns when they burn helium and carbon or just carbon in nuclear fusion reactions. Oxygen is part of the 'ash' formed by these nuclear fires.
Oxygen is the third most abundant element in the universe.
Green and red colors in the aurora borealis (and australis) are caused by oxygen atoms. Highly energetic electrons from the solar wind split oxygen molecules high in earth's atmosphere into excited (high energy) atoms. These atoms lose energy by emitting photons, producing awe-inspiring light shows. These are usually polar displays, because solar electrons accelerate along our planet's magnetic field lines until they hit the atmosphere in the polar regions.
10. Reveal the structure of any element’s or compound’s molecule depicting it on the blackboard. Part 3. Translation practice