The Juridical Nature of the Territorial Sea

21. The fundamental restriction upon the sovereignty of the coastal state is the right of other nations to innocent passage through the territorial sea, and this ______ the territorial sea from the internal waters of the state, which are fully within the unrestricted jurisdiction of the coastal nation.

A distinguished

B distinguishes

C had distinguished

D has distinguished

Articles 1 and 2 of the Convention on the Territorial Sea, 1958,____(22)____ that the coastal state's sovereignty ____(23)____ over its territorial sea and to the airspace and seabed and subsoil, subject to the provisions of the Convention and of international law. The territorial sea ____(24)____ an undeniable part of the land territory to which it is bound, so that a cession of land ____(25)____ automatically any band of territorial waters.

22. A had provided

B provide

C has provided

D provided

23. A extend

B extends

C extended

D has extended

24. A formed

B forms

C has formed

D had formed

25. A include

B includes

C will include

D would include

26. The coastal state may exclude foreign nationals and vessels from fishing within its territorial sea and from coastal trading, and ________ these activities for its own citizens.

A reserved

B reserve

C will reserve

D has reserved

Similarly, the coastal state has extensive powers of control relating to, among others, security and customs matters. It should be noted, however, that how far a state ____(27)____ to exercise the jurisdiction and sovereignty to which it ____(28)____ claim under the principles of international law will depend upon the terms of its own municipal legislation, and some states will not wish to take advantage of the full extent of the powers permitted them within the international legal system.

27. A is choosing

B was choosing

C has been choosing

D chooses

28. A lays

B laid

C may lay

D might lay

Task 3. Fill in the blanks with the missing words, one is extra. Number 29 is done as a model.

a) there was	c) miles	e) nation
b) rights	d) resources	f) smuggling

Beyond the 12 nautical mile limit ___(29)___ a further 12 nautical miles or 24 nautical miles from the territorial sea baselines limit, known as the Contiguous Zone, in which a state could continue to enforce laws regarding activities such as ____(30)____ or illegal immigration. Within 200 nautical ___(31)___ from the baseline the coastal ____(32)___ has sole exploitation rights over all natural ____(33)____. The Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ) were introduced to halt the increasingly heated clashes over fishing ____(34)___, although oil was also becoming important.

Task 4. Fill in the blanks with the missing prepositions from the box which can be used more than once. Number 35 is done for you as a model: of – 35.