
- •International law
- •Contents
- •Передмова
- •International Law
- •1. Read the following proverbs. Each of them contains deep sense. Comment on them and try to give their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •Section b Reading and speaking
- •2. What do you suppose the international law is about?
- •3. Read through the text and find answers to the questions that follow it.
- •International Legal System
- •4. Word study: Key Terms
- •5. Answer the following questions to the text. Do it in pairs.
- •6. Use the information in the excerpt that follows to describe where and when contemporary International law has its origin and when an embryonic sovereign state system was established in Europe.
- •7. In groups of 3 or 4 consider the following situations, try to refer each of them to a definite legal system.
- •Section c Language study
- •Vocabulary
- •8. Match each term on the left with explanation on the right.
- •9. Make up as many word-groups as you can think of using words from lines a and b in the sentences of your own.
- •10. Match key terms in line a with their English equivalents in line b.
- •11. Translate the sentences into English using the key terms.
- •12. Fill in the missing prepositions:
- •13. Complete the following table and translate the words into Ukrainian. The first one is given like a model to you.
- •14. Choose the correct form of the word in brackets to complete the following sentences. Make a point of using the Passives. The Acceptance of Community Law
- •15. Fill in the missing prepositions from the list:
- •16. Translate the sentences into English using the key terms given in the unit.
- •Section d Listening
- •16. You are going to hear the text about Roman Law, which is the foundation of many legal systems of the world.
- •18. The text given below deals with the history and present state of the international law. Skim the text and arrange the numbers of its topics in the right order.
- •History of International Law
- •19. Answer the following questions:
- •Scanning reading
- •20. Scan the text "International Law and State Systems'' and speak:
- •International Law and State Systems
- •Section f Case study
- •21. The Arab-Israeli conflict
- •Section g Test (Time limit - 45 minutes)
- •International Law and National Law
- •Evaluation Scale
- •Section a
- •1. Read the following quotations. Try to understand their deep sense. Convey it to your classmates.
- •Section b Reading and speaking
- •2. Memorize the phrases below.
- •3. Read through the text and be ready to do comprehension check. Text 1 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
- •4. Answer the following questions to the text. Do it in pairs.
- •5. Read the text, note all the words and phrases that are law terms. Text 2 The European Convention on Human Rights
- •6. Word study: Key Terms
- •7. Read through the text again and find answers to the questions that follow.
- •Ukraine is a party of the following international treaties
- •Ukraine signed but not yet ratified
- •Ukraine is a party of the following European treaties
- •Section c Language Study
- •Vocabulary
- •12. Match the expressions. Make up 5-6 sentences using them.
- •13. Find the equivalents of the definitions from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Articles 1-9)
- •14. Complete the following table and translate the words into Ukrainian.
- •19. Form nouns of the following verbs adding corresponding suffixes: -tion,
- •20. Choose the correct verb or noun form of the given words to complete each of the following statements.
- •22. Choose the appropriate connective from the list to complete the following text; use each connective once only:
- •Права людини
- •Стаття 2 ("Угода про створення співдружності незалежних держав")
- •Section d Listening
- •24. You are going to hear the text about the development of international human rights law.
- •Listening
- •Section e Skimming reading
- •25. Before you skim the text try to answer the questions:
- •26. Read through the words and phrases and try to memorize them.
- •27. Skim through the text fairly quickly and give the logical plan
- •Democracy
- •Scanning reading
- •27. Scan the text "The Court Judgement on the Tyrer's Case" and be ready to do the exercise that follow it.
- •The Court Judgement on the Tyrer’s Case
- •28. Decide which of the following statements are true, and correct any statements that are wrong.
- •30. Freedom of Expression
- •Section g Test (Time limit - 45 minutes)
- •Human Rights Violation
- •Evaluation Scale
- •International c riminal Law
- •1. How would you express the quotation in your own words?
- •Section b Reading and speaking
- •2. Do your best to understand the meaning of the terms “international criminal law”, “crimes against humanity”, “crimes against peace”, “war crimes”, “transnational crimes”.
- •3. Reading tasks:
- •International Criminal Law
- •4. Word study: Key Terms
- •5. Comprehension check
- •6. Use all the information you have learnt in this Unit so far to describe the distinction between genocide and crime against humanity.
- •Section c Language study
- •Vocabulary
- •7. Vocabulary: distinguishing meaning.
- •8. Match the terms in line “a” with their English equivalents in line “b”
- •9. Use the words and words combinations from the exercise above to complete the sentences below.
- •10. Match the terms in line “a” with their Ukrainian equivalents in line “b”
- •11. Choose the best word from the box given below to fill in each sentence.
- •12. Fill in the missing prepositions:
- •13. Translate the sentences into English using the key terms given in the unit.
- •Forming the Passive
- •14. Make the sentences passive:
- •15. Choose the appropriate form of the verb (active or passive):
- •16. Choose the correct form of the verb in brackets to complete the following sentences.
- •17. Translate the following sentences from Ukrainian into English.
- •Section d Listening
- •18. You are going to hear the text “Human Trafficking and Migration”.
- •Listening
- •Section e Skimming reading
- •19. The text given below deals with international crimes. Skim the text and find out the mistakes which are presented in ex. 20.
- •Legal Aspects of the Rainbow Warrior Affair
- •20. Twelve of the facts stated are wrong - can you find the mistakes? The Rainbow Warrior Affair: Summary of the Facts
- •22. Which of the following do you think are examples of “low-level use of force”?
- •Scanning reading
- •23. Scan the text “Extradition” and find out the information concerned:
- •Extradition
- •24. You are now going to hold an International Law moot.
- •Section g Test (Time Limit – 45 minutes)
- •Evaluation Scale
- •I nternational Humanitarian Law
- •1. How would you express the quotation in your own words?
- •Section b Reading and speaking
- •2. Read this poem and answer the following questions:
- •Imagine
- •3. Read through the text and find answers to the questions that follow it.
- •International Humanitarian Law
- •4. Word study: Key Terms
- •5. Answer the following questions. Do it in pairs.
- •Section c Language study
- •Vocabulary
- •7. Match the terms in line “a” with their Ukrainian equivalents in line “b”
- •8. Use the words and words combinations from the exercise above to complete the sentences below.
- •9. Match each term on the left with its explanation on the right. Try to memorize the meaning of the terms.
- •10. Choose the best word from the box given below to fill in each gap.
- •11. Fill in the missing prepositions from the list:
- •Un forces
- •12. Translate the sentences into English using the key terms given in the unit.
- •13. Reread the text and find out the examples of using adverb clauses of condition “whether or not”.
- •14. Use the given information to complete the sentences.
- •15. Complete the sentences with your own words.
- •I have to go to work tomorrow whether I feel better or not.
- •16. Choose the correct form of the verb in brackets to complete the following sentences. Nuclear, chemical and biological weapons
- •17. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Section d Listening
- •18. You are going to hear the text about “International Committee of the Red Cross” ( icrc), one of the most important organization of the ihl.
- •Listening
- •Section e Skimming reading
- •19. The text given below deals with “The international legal framework in humanitarian areas”. Skim the text and make the logical plan of the text.
- •The international legal framework in humanitarian areas
- •20. Answer the following questions:
- •Scanning reading
- •21. Scan the text “Preventing genocide and other violations of human rights” and find out information concerning:
- •Preventing Genocide and Other Violations of Human Rights
- •Section f Case study
- •22. Crimes against humanity.
- •Section g Test (Time Limit – 45 minutes)
- •Un forces
- •Evaluation Scale
- •Section b Reading and speaking
- •International Economic Law
- •5. Word study: Key Terms
- •6. Work in pairs. Answer the following questions to the text:
- •7. Read the text and use the information of the text to answer the questions on the international economic law that follow.
- •Section c Language study
- •Vocabulary
- •8. Make up as many word groups as you can, think of using words from Lines a and b. Use them in the sentences of your own.
- •9. Fill in the missing propositions:
- •10. Complete the following table and translate the words into Ukrainian. See the model.
- •11. Match key terms in line a with their English equivalents in line b.
- •12. Translate the sentences into English using the key terms.
- •13. Expressing quantity
- •14. Underline the correct word.
- •15. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Section d Listening
- •16. You will hear part of the program about the historical evolution of trade and the international economic laws which regulate it on the worldwide arena.
- •Listening
- •Section e Skimming reading
- •18. The text given below deals with the general principles of economic development.
- •General Principles of International Economic Law
- •19. Scan through the text “International Cooperation in Search of Energy Resources” and be ready to give information:
- •International Cooperation in Search of Energy Resources
- •20. Additional tasks
- •Section f Case Study
- •21. Trade Deals are Slowed by Bureaucracy
- •Section g
- •Global Regulation for a Global Industry
- •Evaluation Scale
- •International Environmental Law
- •1. Interpret the meaning of this quotation:
- •2. The relationship between man and nature has become one of the most vital problems facing civilization today.
- •Fire and Ice
- •Section b Reading and speaking
- •7. Try to remember the meaning of the following abbreviations. They will be used in the text below.
- •8. Do your best to understand the meaning of the terms and try to remember them
- •9. Read through the text and find answers to the questions that follow it.
- •International Environmental Law
- •10. Word study: Key terms
- •11. Work in pairs. Answer the following questions to the text:
- •12. Complete the sentences with the principles of environmental law listed in the text.
- •13. Complete these sentences using information from the text.
- •14. Think over the proper Ukrainian equivalents to the following word-combinations:
- •Section c Language study
- •Vocabulary
- •15. Match each term on the left with explanations on the right:
- •17. Complete these sentences with the correct derivative of the words at the end of the sentence.
- •18. Complete the collocations below by adding an appropriate noun. Some can combine with more than one noun.
- •19. Fill in the spaces using a suitable form of the word given at the end of the lines. The first is given as an example.
- •21. Render the text in English using given word-combinations. Гроші зі сміття
- •22. Which verb ending in –ify means:
- •23. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Section d Listening
- •24. You are going to hear the text about “Global Warming”
- •Listening
- •Section e Skimming reading
- •25. The text below deals with legal basis for biodiversity in Ukraine.
- •Legal Basis for Biodiversity Conservation
- •Scanning reading
- •26. Scan the text about the Kyoto Protocol in order to find answers to the following questions as quickly as possible.
- •The Kyoto Protocol
- •Section f Case study
- •27. Making the Donbas environmentally safe
- •Section g Test (Time Limit – 45 min.)
- •Evaluation Scale
- •International organizations
- •1. Translate the names of the following international organizations and try to explain their main task.
- •Reading and speaking
- •2. Read and express your own opinion on the following quotations by Sir Winston Churchill (Prime Minister of Great Britain 1874 -1965).
- •3. Try to guess the etymology of the word “organize“:
- •5. Match each term on the left with explanation on the right.
- •6. Read through the text and find answers to the questions that follow it:
- •International Organizations
- •7. Word Study: Key Terms
- •8. Work in pairs. Answer the following questions to the text:
- •9. Read and give your own vision of the following statement made by Nelson Mandela, Golda Meir, Markus Tullius Cicero, Adolf Hitler, Peter Druckner, Norman Douglas.
- •10. You are a member of the Ukrainian delegation at the International Conference devoted to problems of uno effectiveness in handling the international conflicts.
- •11. Brainstorming
- •Section c Language study
- •Vocabulary
- •12. Match a verb in a with the word combinations in b.
- •13. List “a” contains the names of International organizations and agencies. Choose an io or agency to fit each definition in List “b”.
- •14. Dependent prepositions. Read the text and fill in the missing prepositions.
- •16. Match key terms in line a with their English equivalents in line b.
- •18. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian and name the Passive Voice.
- •19. Translate the following sentences into English paying attention to the Passive Voice.
- •20. Look through the text and find examples of passive voice. Write these examples in your note-books. Section d Listening
- •21. You are going to hear the text about Interpol.
- •Listening
- •Section e Skimming reading
- •International Court of Justice
- •23. Answer the following questions:
- •Scanning reading
- •The United Nations
- •Section f Case study
- •25. European Union and Ukraine
- •Section g Test (Time limit - 45 minutes)
- •Evaluation Scale
- •1. Discuss the following statement. Express your own vision of this problem.
- •Section b Reading and speaking
- •2. Find as much information as possible about the European Union.
- •3. Discuss your idea as to the reasons for the development of a single Europe.
- •4. Read through the text and be ready to do comprehension check. The European Union
- •5. Word study: Key Terms
- •6. Comprehension check
- •7. Fill the table with the suitable information about the role, membership, presidency and voting of such legal institutions.
- •8. Use the context to work out the probable meaning of the following words and phrases in the text.
- •Section c Language study
- •Vocabulary
- •10. Choose the right prepositions in brackets according to the content of the sentences.
- •11. Try to memorize the following word combinations and use them to complete the sentences given below. There is more than one possibility.
- •12. Match each term in Line a with their Ukrainian equivalent in Line b.
- •13. Rearrange the underlined letters to make words in the extracts below.
- •14. Translate the following sentences into English using the key terms given in the unit.
- •15. Fill in the Article where necessary:
- •16. Fill in the Article where necessary:
- •17. Choose the correct form of the verb in brackets to complete the following sentences. Make a point of using the Passives.
- •18. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Section d Listening
- •19. You are going to hear the text about the main bodies of the eu.
- •Listening
- •Section e Skimming reading
- •20. Before you skim the text try to answer the following questions:
- •21. Skim the text “The Sources of the European Community Law” and make the logical plan of the text.
- •The Sources of European Community Law
- •22. Answer the questions:
- •Scanning reading
- •23. Scan the text “The legislative process of the eu” and find out the information concerning:
- •The Legislative Process of the eu
- •Section f Case study
- •24. The free movement of workers
- •Relevant documents
- •Section g Test (Time limit – 45 minutes)
- •Evaluation Scale
- •1. Express your ideas on the following quotations:
- •Section b Reading and Speaking
- •2. Based on the title write 3-4 questions which you think you will find the answers to in the text.
- •3. Read through the text to find the answers to your predicted questions.
- •4. Work at the word-combinations to understand the text better
- •5. Work in pairs. Answer the following questions to the text:
- •Section c Language study
- •Vocabulary
- •6. Match each term on the left with its explanation on the right. Try and memorize the meanings of the terms.
- •7. Make up as many word-combinations as you can (lines a and b). Use them in sentences of your own. Do it as in the model: 3 - g
- •8. Complete the following table as in the model: number1. Translate the words into Ukrainian.
- •9. Read through the abstract concerning the foreign ships which exercise the Right of Innocent Passage and express your opinion on the situation:
- •10. Match Ukrainian key-terms in line a with their English equivalents in line b as in the model: 1-c
- •11. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian.
- •13. Learning grammar theory bits about Sentence – Adverbs (certainly, normally, fairly) and their functions will help you to express your opinion:
- •14. Mind sentence- adverbs of a compound character.
- •15. Translate sentence- adverbs in the following text.
- •16. Use sentence - adverbs in the following sentences.
- •Section d Listening
- •17. You are going to hear the text “Criminals at Sea”.
- •Listening
- •18. Listen to the text “Criminals at Sea”.
- •19. Post listening task
- •Section e Skimming reading
- •International Maritime Organizations (imo)
- •Scanning reading
- •20. The text given below deals with the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea established to solve maritime disputes.
- •International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea
- •Section f Case Study
- •21. Protest Flotilla to Intercept Plutonium Shipment in the Channel
- •Section g Test (time limit – 45 minutes)
- •The Juridical Nature of the Territorial Sea
- •For in on of from by to
- •Evaluation Scale
- •International Trade Law
- •1. How would you express the quotation in your own words?
- •Section b Reading and speaking
- •2. Do your best to understand the meaning of the terms “international economic law”, “international trade”, “industrialization”, “globalization”, “multinational corporation”.
- •3. Read the text and find answers to the questions that follow it.
- •International Trade Law
- •4. Word study: Key Terms
- •5. Answer the following questions. Do it in pairs.
- •6. Use all the information you have learnt so far in this Unit to describe the distinction between international economic law and international trade law.
- •Section c Language study
- •Vocabulary
- •8. Find logical links: which noun in b can go with the verb in a?
- •9. List ‘a’ contains some basic terms in the field of business. Choose a term to fit each definition in List ‘b’.
- •10. Fill in the missing prepositions:
- •11. Match the key terms in Line a with their English equivalents in Line b.
- •12. Translate the sentences into English using the key terms given in the unit.
- •13. Fill in the missing words in the definitions below. Choose from the following:
- •14. Adverbs can go in three positions, depending on their type.
- •15. Put the adverbs in the right place in the sentences.
- •16. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Section d Listening
- •17. You are going to hear the text “North American Free Trade Agreement (nafta)”. Before listening to the text, discuss the following questions:
- •Listening
- •Section e Skimming reading
- •18. The text given below deals with “The World Trade Organization”
- •The World Trade Organization
- •Scanning reading
- •19. Scan the text “International Monetary Fund” and find out information for the discussion of the following issues:
- •International Monetary Fund
- •Section f Case study
- •20. Planning to improve the economic and investment climate
- •Section g Test (Time limit – 45 minutes)
- •Human trafficking and migration
- •International Committee of the Red Cross (icrc)
- •Interpol
- •WordList
- •Abbreviations
- •Reference List
Section g Test (Time limit - 45 minutes)
Task 1. Read the text below and underline the letter next to the word which best fits each space.
___(1)___ between Ukraine and the EU in the field of justice and internal affairs is ___(2 )___ within the framework of Subcommittee № 6 “Justice, freedom and security”, which is the working body of Ukraine-EU cooperation committee.
The main ____(3)___ outlining the framework of cooperation in this sphere is EU Action Plan On Justice And Home Affairs in Ukraine.
This document ____(4)___ cooperation in the following spheres: Migration and ____(5)___, Border management and visa, Organized crime, Terrorism, Judicial cooperation, Law enforcement cooperation, ____(6)____ the judiciary, rule of law and good governance.
____(7)____ realization of the principles of Action Plan by the sides of Subcommittee № 4 for customs, trans-border cooperation, illegal migration, money laundering and narcobusiness, the EU Action plan ____(8)____ schedule in the sphere of ____(9)____ and home affairs in Ukraine was _____(10)____ and it ____(11)___ the means of implementation, monitoring, evaluation and defining annual ____(12)___. Justice and home affairs cooperation of Ukraine-EU Action Plan is ____(13)___ on the present EU Action Plan on justice and home affairs in Ukraine. Besides, ____(14)____ of Subcommittee № 6 includes also Ukraine-EU Action Plan “Political dialogue and reforms” in the part “Democracy and rule of law, human rights and main ____(15)___”.
During the joint sessions of Subcommittee № 6, taking place once a year, the sides maintain ____(16)____ of measures’ realization of the EU Action plan implementation schedule in the mentioned ____(17)____.
A |
B |
C |
D |
1 work |
cooperation |
teamwork |
help |
2 execute |
done |
maintained |
emphasized |
3 document |
instrument |
record |
article |
4 covers |
contains |
estimate |
checks |
5 asylum |
refuge |
shelter |
protection |
6 strengthening |
support |
simplifying |
reformation |
7 to ensure |
to stabilize |
to continue |
guarantee |
8 implementation |
arrangement |
organization |
achievement |
9 justice |
integrity |
fairness |
honesty |
10 developed |
reorganized |
established |
planned |
11 serves |
works |
performs |
operates |
12 priorities |
main concern |
responsibilities |
precedence |
13 based |
organized |
fulfilled |
supported |
14 the competence |
wish |
experience |
capability |
15 freedoms |
free will |
restriction |
independence |
16 monitoring |
assessed |
analyze |
evaluate |
17 sphere |
department |
specialty |
theme |
Task 2. Choose the correct word. Only one word is correct. Fill in the following gaps.
18. An international organization is any _____ with international membership, scope or presence.
A union |
B organization |
C society |
D party |
19. An international organization may be established by a constituent document such as ______.
A contract |
B agreements |
C protocol |
D charter |
20. The scope and aims of International organizations are most usually in ______.
A public interest |
B state problems |
C public problems |
D general tasks |
21. International Organizations are subjects of international ______, capable of entering into agreements among themselves or with states.
A justice |
B control |
C influence |
D law |
22. International organizations _______ in function, membership and membership criteria.
A are common |
B differ |
C change |
D agree |
23. Some organizations base their membership on various _______: cultural and historical links, level of economic development or type of economy or religion.
A grounds |
B position |
C view |
D criteria |
24. International organizations developed mainly from the need of nations and governments to have a neutral _____ where to debate and consider matters of importance to more than one particular nation.
A forum |
B gathering |
C round-table |
D meeting |
25. Some IO developed from the need of either executive or enforcement body which can _______ on international interests in an unified form.
A realize |
B support |
C implement |
D carry |
26. International Organizations exist with diverse aims, including but not limited to increase international relations, ______ education, health care, economic development, environmental protection, human rights, humanitarian efforts, inter-cultural approach and c that challenge humanity.
A arrange |
B promote |
C control |
D monitor |
27. UN agencies define the standards for safe and efficient air travel and help improve telecommunications and enhance consumer _______.
A assistance |
B guard |
C supply |
D protection |
28. ________ the world, the UN and its agencies assist refugees, set up programs to expand food production and lead the fight against AIDS.
A the whole time |
B throughout |
C right through |
D in |
29. UNO provides the opportunity for countries to balance global independence and national interests when addressing international ______.
A struggle |
B problems |
C disasters |
D efforts |
30. World Trade Organization, INTERPOL, FIFA and some other organizations are referred to _______ organizations with their specific tasks and characteristics.
A global |
B local |
C economic |
D interstate |
31. The stated _______ of the UNO are to maintain international peace and security, to safeguard human rights, to provide a mechanism for international law, and to promote social and economic progress, improve living standards and fight diseases.
A work |
B routine |
C aspiration |
D aims |
32. Some International organizations largely ________ the independent states formed after the breakup of an empire.
A denote |
B support |
C represent |
D characterize |
33. Financial international organizations _______ economic and financial challenges.
A deal with |
B organize |
C discuss |
D reduce |
34. Regional organizations _______ almost all the countries in their respective continents.
A group |
B unites |
C organizing |
D sets |
35. The United Nations ______ the international campaigns against drug trafficking and terrorism.
A started |
B leads |
C guides |
D supporting |
Task 3. Read the text below and fill in the gaps using the correct verb forms
Yesterday the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine ___(36)___ a joint sitting of Subcommittee № 6 Justice, Freedom and Security. The sitting ___(37)____ by Ambassador of Austria to Ukraine Mr Michael Miis – from the EU and Deputy Justice Minister of Ukraine, head of Ukrainian part of subcommittee D.Kotlyar – from Ukraine.
The sides ____(38)____ the development of cooperation between Ukraine and the EU in the issues of justice, freedom and security as well as the state of matters in terms of a renewed Ukraine-EU Action Plan in the mentioned domain, a schedule of its implementation and concluding of agreements on simplification of visa regime and readmission
During the meeting the Sides ____(39)____ issues of carrying a reform of judicial system in Ukraine, counteraction to illegal migration and fight against human trafficking, money laundering received in a criminal way, management of borders and visa issues, asylum and refugees.
In the context of considering the process of implementation of Ukraine-EU Action Plan (further – Action Plan) in the sphere of justice and internal affairs the European side _____(40)____ about reconsidering of the Plan through 2006 and intentions to submit the first project of its changes in spring of the current year.
The members of the European side ____(41)___ over a list of problem issues on the results of revision of the schedule of implementation of the Plan by the Ukrainian side. During the considering of the mentioned issue by the EU experts they ____(42)____ on a significant progress in implementation by Ukraine measures of the schedule in the areas of border management, migration and asylum. It was mentioned that the results achieved by Ukraine in this sphere ____(43)____ amazing. The sides ____(44)____ that realization of measures aimed at fight against legalization of profits, received in illegal way sees its final stage.
The ad-hoc issue during the sitting ___(45)___ the project of report of Evaluation Mission’s experts of the European Commission for justice, freedom and security. Representatives of Ukrainian authorities ____(46)_____ their general remarks to the project of the Report, the detailed discussion of which with experts of evaluation mission ____(47)____ at the premises of European Commission Office in Ukraine.
The Sides ____(48)_____ on a constructive character of the discussion which ____(49)____ in free, business-like atmosphere and ____(50)____ to achieve complete understanding in all the topics, included into the agenda.
A |
B |
C |
D |
36. hosts |
has hosted |
hosted |
will host |
37. was led |
leads |
is leading |
led |
38. touch upon |
will touch upon |
is touched upon |
touched upon |
39. have discussed |
have been discussing |
had discussed |
will discuss |
40. inform |
is informing |
have informed |
was informed |
41. handed |
was handed |
hand |
were handed |
42. is stressing |
will stress |
have stressed |
were being stressed |
43. were |
was |
will be |
to be |
44. had stressed |
has stressed |
being stressed |
stressed |
45. to be |
was |
were |
is |
46. have approved |
had approved |
were approving |
approved |
47. have taken place |
took place |
takes place |
had taken place |
48. had stressed |
stressed |
stress |
have stressed |
49. organized |
was organized |
being organized |
had organized |
50. afforded |
affords |
had afforded |
will afford |