
- •Unit 7 Prices and their formation
- •Price and its formation
- •Grammar
- •V ed or Past Simple (II column)
- •Continuous
- •When prices draw us.
- •Outstanding Economists
- •Unit 8 Taxes and Taxation
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Read the definitions of the following economic concepts, try to remember them and be ready to use.
- •Taxes and taxation
- •Grammar
- •Simple Perfect
- •Perfect Continuous
- •Sources of government revenue
- •Public spending
- •Unit 9 Business organization
- •Read the definitions of the following economic concepts, try to remember them and be ready to use.
- •Text I forms of business ownership in the u.S.A.
- •Advantages and Disadvantages of the Three Forms of Business Ownership
- •The Formal Organization.
- •Board of Directors
- •Info. Systs
- •Text III Up and Down of People Express
- •Burr’s Business
- •Unit 10 Business organization. Small and Middle Business Enterprises.
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Forms of business small business
- •How to make business plan.
- •2. If the verb in the principle clause is in one of the past tenses, a past tense (or future in the past) must be used in the subordinate clause.
- •Sequence of Tenses is not Applied:
- •Unit 11 Franchising.
- •Read the definitions of the following economic concepts, try to remember them and be ready to use.
- •Franchising
- •Evaluate your franchise opportunities
- •Let’s Ponder: case study
- •In what ways does an investment in a Duds 'n Suds franchise seem risky? In what ways does it seem worthwhile?
- •What are the pros and cons of starting your own laundromat versus buying a Duds 'n Suds franchise?
- •If you were to invest in a Duds 'n Suds franchise in your area, what unique products or services would you offer to attract business? text II
- •Franchise
- •Deplete
- •6. Depend
- •7. Fraud
- •Outstanding Economists.
- •Vernon l. Smith
- •Unit 12
- •International Trade
- •International trade
- •Your Opinion.
- •Text II
- •How to avoid business blunders abroad
- •Some useful language for interviewer and interviewee
- •Keys to unit 7
- •Keys to unit 8
- •Keys to unit 9
- •Keys to unit 10
- •Keys to unit 11
- •Keys to unit 12
- •Список литературы
- •Content
In what ways does an investment in a Duds 'n Suds franchise seem risky? In what ways does it seem worthwhile?
What are the pros and cons of starting your own laundromat versus buying a Duds 'n Suds franchise?
If you were to invest in a Duds 'n Suds franchise in your area, what unique products or services would you offer to attract business? text II
In this article the author tries to analyse the work of McDonald’s in Europe. Read the article and be ready to discuss it and complete the chart.
Mc’Donald’s : burger and fries a la français
Paris
French lessons for the world’s biggest fast-food firm.
CAN a Frenchman revive Europe's appetite for the Big Mac? Denis Hennequin, who ran McDonald's in France, is now trying to repeat the success he had in his home country as the new head of the American fast-food giant's European operations. On April 13th, McDonald's said that, while it expects first-quarter profits to improve thanks to renewed growth in America, sales in Europe hardly grew at all.
Though it seems unlikely, France is the only place in Europe that has consistently loved McDonald's since the first outlet opened there in 1979. McDonald's might well be an icon of American culture and globalization in a country whose people take to the streets to protest against both. And fast food would seem foreign in a society where a one (or two) hour break for lunch is still sacrosanct. Yet the French cannot seem to get enough of their "McDo". A recent study by mkg Consulting in Paris found McDonald's largely dominates the French restaurant sector, dwarfing rivals such as Elior, a French fast-food group, and Quick, a Belgian chain. McDonald's now has some 1,040 restaurants in 750 cities in France, now its most profitable European subsidiary.
Why is McDonald's doing so well in France? Mr. Hennequin summarizes his strategy for France as "upgrading and transparency." He spruced up drab restaurants, improved the menu and introduced visitor days. Despite a long conflict at one Paris branch over low pay, which ended last year, he managed by and large to be on good terms with the country's combative unions. McDonald's wisely took a low profile in a court case against José Bové, an anti-globalization campaigner who trashed a McDonald's restaurant in the southern French town of Millau in 1999.
McDonald's was clever in adapting food and decor to local tastes and concentrating on children, says Nicolas Bloch at Bain, a consultancy. The ham-and-cheese "Croque McDo" is McDonald's version of a “croque monsieur”, a French favourite. McDonald's teamed up with French companies to offer local fare, for instance fruit yoghurts produced by Danone, coffee from Carte Noire and the French soft drink Orangina. McDonald's France buys 80% of its products from French farmers. It has even advertised in newspapers how many French cows, chicken, lettuce and tomatoes it uses each year.
Designer salads. Mr. Hennequin will try to apply some of these lessons to other European countries. Sales in Germany and Britain, the two most important European markets, are sluggish. Italy and Belgium remain tricky. He established a "food studio" and a "design studio" at the company's base in Guyancourt near Paris to research and develop new products and funkier interior designs for Europe's restaurants. Under the stewardship of Olivier Pichot, a French three-star chef, the food studio's first big foray was recently launched in Britain and Germany: "Salads Plus" adds eight healthier items to the staple of burgers and fries. McDonald's calls the new salad menu "a strategic change in the positioning of its menu in Europe". It is a response to the rise of "fast casual" restaurants such as Cosi, a gourmet sandwich shop, and to concern over obesity. In America the company has already introduced a range of new salads.
Europe's salad offensive also fits into the strategy of Jim Cantalupo, McDonald's chief executive, who took over at the beginning of last year after the company hit a rough patch, which included its first quarterly loss since going public in 1965. Mr. Cantalupo aims to reverse a diversification drive and to grow organically. "Focus on the core business is his leitmotif," says Mr. Hennequin.
If Mr. Hennequin manages to replicate the French success throughout Europe, some say he could be destined for the top job at the fast-food firm's head office in Oakbrook, Illinois. After all, Mr. Cantalupo only agreed to come out of retirement to help get the firm back on track. And France has shown it can be done.
The Economist
Exercise 1. Read the text and complete the following chart:
Enumerate the problems of McDonald’s in France
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Why are they lucky in successful solving these problems?
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How is McDonald’s going to win European market?
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Exercise 1. Match each word in the left column with a word in the right. Text II will help you. Then use each expression in a sentence of your own.
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head
core
fast
combative
dwarf
three-star
do
fast
chief
top
food
union
executive
rivals
chef
casual
office
business
job
well
Exercise 3. Complete the following sentences with correct form of the word.
invest
The Wall Street giant announced that it would start … in talent and technology again after several years of heavy cost-cutting.
Bank of America reported about 11% profit increase after improvements in consumer lending and … banking.