80. The first secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan Dinmuhammed Kunayev (1964-1986).

D.A.Kunayev was more than 20 years the member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of CPSU, 25 years - the deputy of the Supreme Council Kazakh the Soviet Socialist Republic.

Formation of the identity of Kunayev took place during a Stalin era, in the conditions of rigidly centralized management system. Its destiny developed under the influence of social and economic processes for which universal optimism and a staunch faith of the people in socialism ideals were characteristic, on the one hand, with another – repressions.

Still being the student, D. Kunayev was convinced of a republic distress. Remembering this time, it as the principal of the republic made the significant contribution to its development. The program of development was directed on formation of industrial production, agriculture, intensive construction. Favorable social and economic conditions caused successful demographic development of the population.

The Soviet Socialist Republic (1942 — 1952) worked as the vice-chairman of Council of People's Commissars Kazakh, the President of Academy of Sciences Kazakh the Soviet Socialist Republic, Chairman of the board Ministrs Kazakh the Soviet Socialist Republic, the First secretary of the Central Committee of Communist Party of Kazakhstan. Being the first secretary, Kunayev solid put into practice a policy of the Central Committee of CPSU led by Leonid Ilyichyom Brezhnev. D.A.Kunayev was more than 20 years the member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of CPSU, 25 years — the deputy of the Supreme Council Kazakh the Soviet Socialist Republic.

In 1985 Comparty of Kazakhstan's XVI congress — last under the leadership of D.A.Kunayev took place. On December 11, 1986 without Kunayev's involvement the meeting of the Politburo which has made it the decision on leaving on pension took place. On December 16, 1986 during record-breaking short plenum of the Central Committee of Communist Party of Kazakhstan lasting of only 18 minutes, D. Kunayev accused of large-scale corruption was removed from a post of the 1st secretary of the Central Committee of KP of Kazakhstan. On its place the first secretary of the Ulyanovsk regional committee of a batch G. V. Kolbin was elected sent according to the recommendation of the secretary general of the Central Committee of CPSU. Change of the principal of the republic led to mass riots and the protests which have become history under the name of Zheltoksan.

81. December events of 1 986 years in Alma-Aty: the crisis of ethnocentric policies of the Soviet state.

The second year of reorganization in Kazakhstan was marked by drama events. On December 16, 1986 plenum of the Central Committee (CC) of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan (CPK) took place. On the agenda there was an organizational question — elections of the first secretary of the Central Committee of a PDA. Instead of D. Kunayev sent to pension, G. Kolbin working before as the first secretary of the Ulyanovsk regional committee of CPSU was unanimously elected the first secretary of the Central Committee of a PDA.

In the morning on December 17, 1986 in Alma-Ata youth demonstration with a protest against the made decision, lasting 2 days which became history as December events of 1986 in Alma-Ata began. By noon on December 17 on the area of. L.Brezhnev of demonstrators there were about 5 thousand. Since morning the area was surrounded by forces of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, after a dinner to militia added cadets of school of militia and fire and technical school. The gathered addressed with admonitions and appeals to disperse the secretary of the Central Committee 3. Kamalidenov, Chairman of Presidium of the Supreme Council S. Mukashev, Chairman of the board Ministrov N. Nazarbayev, first secretary of Almaty regional committee of a PDA M. Mendybayev, prosecutor of the republic G. Elemisov, etc. These speeches didn't make success.

In the evening on December 17 the first attempt of dispersal of demonstration was made, are applied, fire trucks, engineer shovels, bludgeons, guard dogs. Mass riots began.

In the morning on December 18 to Alma-Ata profits special parts from other cities of the country. In the evening "replacement" of demonstrators began with the area. Demonstration was dispersed.

According to official figures, during mass riots in Alma-Ata 2 persons were lost, is burned 11, 24 vehicles are damaged, 39 buses, 33 taxi are put out of action, the material damage is caused to 13 hostels, 5 educational institutions, 6 trade enterprises, 4 office buildings.

Meetings and protests took place also in Dzhezkazgan, Pavlodar, Karaganda, Taldy-Kurgan, Arkalyk, Kokchetav, Chimkent and other cities.

After dispersal of demonstration of the power started repressions. About 900 people were punished administratively, more than 300 people are deducted from higher education institutions, are discharged from office of 319 participants of events, excluded from ranks of CPSU – 52, from All-Union Leninist Young Communist League – 758. The total of detainees made 8 500 people, 99 people were condemned to various terms of imprisonment. One – K.Ryskulbekov – on charge of S. Savitsky's murder is sentenced to death which replaced for 20 years of imprisonment later.

On December 19, 1986 newspapers published the short message of TASS of December 18, with the first official assessment of an event: "Last night and this afternoon in Alma-Ata the group of the studying youth incited by nationalist elements, came to streets, stating disapproval of the solution of the plenum which has taken place the other day of the Central Committee of Communist Party of Kazakhstan.

On December 25, 1986 at meeting of the Politburo of the Central Committee of CPSU, the event was estimated as "the facts of manifestation of nationalism", and in July, 1987 of the Central Committee of CPSU adopted the resolution "About Work of the Kazakh Republican Party Organization on International and Patriotic Education of Workers" in which December events were called "manifestation of the Kazakh nationalism".

At the end of 1986 – the beginning of 1987 the press was filled with the organized articles which names speak for themselves: "To us it is bitter", "The narcissism price", "Web", "A bitter lesson", "Concerning painful national feeling" in which events of December were treated in the spirit of the first official statement.

In the republic a peculiar plot of silence about December, 1986 was established, actively there was a search of "nationalists". The first attempt to break through a veil of silence was made by M. Shakhanov in the spring of 1989, having made the requirement of objective consideration of December events at the First congress of People's Deputies of the USSR.

Only in three years, in 1989, the Supreme Council Kazakh the Soviet Socialist Republic unanimously condemned the resolution of the Central Committee of CPSU.

In July, 1989 the Commission of Presidium of the Supreme Council of KAZSSR, on consideration of the circumstances connected with December events was created. However in November, 1989, the Supreme Council, having heard the report of the cochairman of the Commission M. Shakhanova, I decided to transform it to "the working group on consideration of complaints of "Decembrists".

Under the threat of excitements and hunger strike which members of the commission were ready to declare, the Decree of Presidium of the Supreme Council of the republic in January, 1990 created "The commission of Presidium of the Supreme Council of KAZSSR on a final assessment of the circumstances connected with events in Alma-Ata on December 17-18, 1986". In parallel there was a process of revision of affairs of condemned "Decembrists" – 32 from them released in the absence of crime structure.

In May, 1990 of the Politburo of the Central Committee of CPSU adopted the resolution in which it was recognized that containing in the resolution of the Central Committee of CPSU of 1987 "the assessment of mass violations of a public order in Alma-Ata in December, 1986 as manifestations of the Kazakh nationalism is wrong …"

In September, 1990 conclusions of the Commission of Presidium of the Supreme Council of KAZSSR were published.

They said: "Performances of the Kazakh youth in December, 1986 in Alma-Ata and a number of areas of Kazakhstan weren't nationalist is there was the first attempt to use guaranteed by the Constitution and the right declared by reorganization to free expression of a civic and political stand.

The deep reasons of discontent of youth traced the roots back to a low standard of living, social injustice and command management system expenses.

As direct push to performance of youth G. Kolbin's appointment as the first secretary of the Central Committee of a PDA which was apprehended as rough dictatorship of the Center at the solution of the questions infringing on vital interests of the population of the republic served private and offensive in a form.

82)Language policy in Kazakhstan — a way of integration of Kazakhstan to the world community. Today in the Kazakhstan society the policy a trekhjyazychiya directed on development by Kazakhstan citizens of the Kazakh, Russian and English languages is pursued. The policy a trekhjyazychiya doesn't demand to forget the native language, on the contrary, it erects the Kazakh language to the first place. Passed twenty years of independent development of Kazakhstan, and it is possible to bring some results, to estimate the reached. One of unqualified successes of the country — the developed unique model of peaceful co-existence of a set of various ethnoses and cultures. In Kazakhstan unique experience of interaction and mutual enrichment of national cultures is developed. The unique institute of cultural and religious interaction — Assembly of the people of Kazakhstan, had, as we know, an opportunity directly to participate in legislative activity of Parliament of RK is created. In the Republic of Kazakhstan always with special care and attention treated development of language wealth of the people of the state, its role in development of modern society was understood.

It can be understood, having studied one of the first laws adopted in sovereign Kazakhstan — "About languages in the Republic of Kazakhstan" (of 11.07.1997) which declares all languages of the people of Kazakhstan national property, historical and cultural heritage of the country. Important task is studying of English and other foreign languages. One of key components of the lexical capital of Kazakhstan citizens is the knowledge of foreign languages as means of business and international communication. After independence finding Kazakhstan declared the Kazakh language a state language. In the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan accepted on a republican referendum on August 30, 1995, article 7 says: "In the Republic of Kazakhstan the Kazakh language is state. ". The Kazakh language is a native language of the Kazakh people. The Kazakh language – a state language of the Republic of Kazakhstan. However, the question of introduction and development of a state language in Kazakhstan still isn't solved completely. Most likely, it is time problem. If at the beginning of the XX century great Abay Kunanbayev propagandized idea of studying of Russian, time when it is necessary to study the Kazakh language now came.

In Kazakhstan the Concept of development of foreign-language education which from positions of new methodological approach defines the purposes and the content of foreign-language education according to the international standards was developed. The decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan of June 29, 2011 No. 110 approved the State Program of development and functioning of languages in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2011 — 2020 in which main objectives are planned, tasks and the directions of language policy of the state [3].Субъектами educational process at learning of foreign language first of all are students and teachers. The basic principles of management of educational process in conditions a trekhjyazychiya is the following:• democratization and training humanization;• systemacity and integrity in management;• rational combination of centralization and decentralization;• interrelation of one-man management and collective nature;• scientific validity of management;• objectivity, completeness and regularity of providing information.

Language — this key phenomenon of culture probably the main mechanism of a national unification, the instrument of emergence and nation reproduction as social structure.

Finally language — is a core of the national state. And therefore the question of language is not only cultural, but also political. At the beginning of this year, making the Message to the people of Kazakhstan, the President reminded again that for the modern Kazakhstan citizen knowledge of three languages — this indispensable condition of own wellbeing and that the knowledge of English — is need