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75) People deportation to Kazakhstan- the crime of totalitarianism

The second half of the 30s. marked by a sharp acceleration of flows that are not only stimulated by a totalitarian state applying often organized recruitment of workers in the industry, but also directly organized and sent them up to the deportation of entire peoples on the territory of Kazakhstan. Since the second half of the 30s. to adopt practices of forced displacement of people by ethnicity. In 1936, by order of SNK on 28 April 1936 from the border areas of the Ukrainian SSR were expelled Poles. There were resettled 35,820 Poles 35,739 of them (99.8%) - in Kazakhstan, mainly in the northern region of the country. In 1940 - early 1941 in the eastern regions of the USSR were expelled by order of 10 April 1940, the so-called "Polish osadnikov." This was the name of immigrants from Poland, received a 20 - 30-ies. of land in the Western Ukraine and Western Belarus. When these territories were seized by Soviet troops in 1939, began eviction "Polish osadnikov." In the first phase of the Western Ukraine and Western Belarus, Kazakhstan in 5307 was sent to the Polish osadnikov, but there have been resettled in Kazakhstan 60,667 people. Signed in August 1937 Decision of the Council of People's Commissars and the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) the eviction of the Korean population has led to the fact that in 1937 in Kazakhstan and Central Asia from the border areas of the Far Eastern region were deported Korean population. In the 20-ies. in the Amur region there were about 200 thousand people. On the territory of Kazakhstan arrived 20,141 Koreans family, or 95,421 people, according to other sources - 98,454 Korean. They were placed in the following areas: Alma-Ata - 1721 family, the South-Kazakhstan - 8693; Aktobe 1874; KustanaT - 877, West Kazakhstan - 1839, North Kazakhstan - Karaganda and 2702 - 2425 families. And if on the 1926 census in Kazakhstan lived only 42 Koreans, in 1939 - already 96,453 people. In 1937 - 1939 years. resettled in Kazakhstan as Azerbaijanis, Kurds, Turks, Armenians, ie all population living in the border regions of the USSR. As a result, in the inter-census period 1926 - 1939 years. the number and ethnic composition of the population of Kazakhstan has undergone great changes.

76. Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945: Origins, results, lessons

Kazakhstan citizens the first minutes of war accepted battle on the western border, stormed the Reichstag building in Berlin. In occupied territories guerrilla movement extended, Kazakhstan citizens took part also. Work among guerrillas and the population political workers Akmolinsky conducted, Zhangildin, Sain. To commanders to Egorov, Zebnitsky, to Begeldinova, Trouble, to the fighter pilot Lugansk, Moldagulova (sniper), Mametova (pulemetchiyets) appropriated a rank of the Hero of the USSR. The 497th Kazakhstan citizen ranks of the Hero were awarded. To the first the rank was appropriated to major general Semenchenko, the last of Momysh-ula (near Moscow I visited an environment three times). The Dzhambulsky 81st kavdiviziya before disbandment made a powerful contribution to an outcome of fights of Stalingrad — opened creation of enemy group. Lenin's award was appropriated to a division of major general Panfilov. Special mission to put the last point in war dropped out the 150th shooting division. For successes in approach to Berlin it is received the name "Berlin". Koshkarbayev who has set the first red flag at a window of a Reichstag became the gentleman of awards and medals. In fights for Leningrad the Hero of the Soviet Socialist Republic Baymagambetov covered with a breast the enemy earth-and-timber emplacement.

The labor army and special construction parts from Kazakhs was created. Went on the front and the defensive industry every 4th inhabitant. In the country card supply by products was entered. Reception and placement of the evacuated enterprises. Generally food, light industry. To Kazakhstan profits of 220 factories, plants. Many of them began work in hastily prepared rooms. On the front the republic gave officer shots. To a minimum expenses of a peaceful purpose are cut down, the enterprises start the production military, defensive production. The compelled evacuation of people from a front strip. Administration and work militarization in collective farms, work of women and children, decrease in payment of workdays, introduction of military taxes was hard reflected in position of workers. Efficiency, efficiency increased. Receipt in trade of essentials decreased. The network of subsidiary farms extends. Joint efforts succeeded to solve a food problem. Responsibility for a situation in branches is expanded. Intimidation methods, rigid administration were often applied. Practised a cult of personality. Bureaus on labor distribution are organized.

From the first day Kazakhstan made a contribution to all-union economy. Mobilization of the unoccupied labor population. There were works at plants. Industrial production grew. The Health care network increased. The number of pupils in educational institutions was reduced. In 1941-1945 460 plants, factories were constructed. The number of working women increased. Cattle breeders didn't feel sorry for forces. The science of Kazakhstan develops. Cooperation of different collectives. Wide scale was got by the voluntary help to the front (warm clothes, the weapon). The republic strode over some regions of the Leningrad and Moscow areas. And sent to the countries tanks and other arms.

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