- •1. History of Kazakhstan as a science. The purpose and objectives of the study.
- •3) Kazakhstan in the Bronze Age. “Andronovo culture."
- •4. Religion
- •6. Saks: political history, economy and culture.
- •7) Ethno political history of Usuns in written sources.
- •In Turkic languages, the word "ak" means "white", "sacred"
- •In historical science hasn’t consensus on the term "Ak Orda", because in the medieval sources contained conflicting data about Ak Orda and Kok Orda.
- •9) Usuns: archaeological sites, settlements and facilities
- •10 . Mogolistan. : origins, ethnopolitical history.
- •11. Kangüy: archaeological sites, settlements and facilities.
- •13) State of nomadic Uzbeks. : origins, ethnopolitical history
- •14. The political history of the Huns
- •16. The Turk khaganate: ethnopolitical history, sources and culture
- •17) Western Turkic Khaganate: sources and history of the study
- •18) Turgesh khaganate: sources and history of the study
- •19) The formation of the Kazakh Khanate: sources and history of the study
- •20 . Karluk: ethnopolitical history, economy, and culture.
- •21. The Karakhanid state: sources and history of the study, economy, and culture
- •23)State of Oguz: ethnopolitical history, economy, and culture.
- •24. The history of the Kazakh Khanate in the XV-XVIII centuries
- •26. Kazakhstan in first third of хviii century. Tevkelev – 1-st ambassador of the Russian empire
- •27) Political parties and movements in Kazakhstan in the early twentieth century.
- •28) The Policy of Russian authorities in Kazakhstan of 30-50th years of XVIII c.
- •30 . Tsarism’s policy in Kazakhstan in the 1 st half of 19 century.
- •31. Formation of Inner Horde. Bukey-khan
- •33) Anti colonial struggle in Inner Horde under the leadership of I. Taimanov and m. Utemisov.
- •34. The national liberation movement of Kazakhs under the leadership of Sultan Kenesary.
- •36. Military Campaign of the Russian army to Central Asia in the first half of х1х century
- •37) Policy of Khiva and Kokand toward the Kazakhs in the first half of х1х century
- •39) Historiography of history of joining of Kazakhstan to Russia. Comparative analysis of this problem.
- •40.Administrative reform in Kazakhstan in the 60-s of h1h of century.
- •43) Contribution of Chokan Valikhanov in the study of the history of the Kazakh people.
- •44. Altynsarin's contribution to the development of Kazakh literary language and ethnography.
- •46. Kazakh-Jungar relations in the 40s of XVII century: Features and forms.
- •47) Oral tradition and literature in the хiх century
- •48) Educational policy of Kazakhstan in first half of х1х century.
- •49. State Duma and the Kazakh intelligentsia
- •50. Contribution to the study of Kazakhstan of Russian scientists
- •53) The newspaper "Kazakh" and the Journal "Aikap in the history and culture of the Kazakh people.
- •54. First World War. Rebellion of 1916.: The historiography of the issue.
- •55)Anti-colonial rebel of kazakhs in turgay and ural regions in 1869.Rebellion of adai in mangyshlak in 1870.
- •56. FirstI all-Kazakh Congress in Orenburg (5-13 December 1917) and its decision on the Kazakh autonomy.
- •86. December Kazakh Congress in 1917. Government of Alash Horde.
- •57) Civil war on the territory of Kazakhstan (1918-1920)
- •59) The collectivization of agriculture - the tragedy of the peasants in Kazakhstan
- •60. Industrialization: the nature, pace, results
- •62) Soviet cultural modernization in Kazakhstan (20-30-s)
- •63) Kazakhstan - an arsenal front during the Great Patriotic War
- •66. The “Secret Speech” of Nikita Khrushchev and desalinization
- •67) Kazakhstan during the growing crisis of the Soviet economic and socio-political system (1964 - 1985)
- •70. Socio-political development of independent Kazakhstan
- •1921 – 1929 – Years of carrying out New Economic Policy.
- •73) The mass repression of 1937-1938 and its consequences.
- •75) People deportation to Kazakhstan- the crime of totalitarianism
- •76. Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945: Origins, results, lessons
- •77) The development of science during war. Creation of a "History of the Kazakh ssr" (1943) and its value.
- •80. The first secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan Dinmuhammed Kunayev (1964-1986).
- •81. December events of 1 986 years in Alma-Aty: the crisis of ethnocentric policies of the Soviet state.
- •83) Kazakhstan during the reform era of Mikhail Gorbachev
- •84. Results of the 20th anniversary of the country's independent development
- •85) First Kazakh President- n.A. Nazarbayev (political portrait.)
- •87) Kazakhstan in the years of Khrushchev's reforms. Virgin and fallow lands: implications and lessons.
- •90. The collapse of the ussr and the formation of the cis
60. Industrialization: the nature, pace, results
To the middle of the 20th years our country on the basis of implementation of new economic policy achieved the considerable successes in solidifying of economic and political situation. Operation on restoration of a national economy came nearer to the end.
The affirmative answer to a question of possibility of creation in the USSR of socialist society was given in April, 1925. Then need of practical turn to new industrial construction was realized. It was necessary to solve the following problems: first, to overcome technical and economic backwardness of the country; secondly, to create economic premises for creation actually a socialism, development of socialist relations of production; thirdly, to provide warranties of defense capability of the state.
The course on industrialization proclaimed in December 1925году the XIV congress of All-Union Communist party.
Main objectives of industrialization:
- eliminations of technical and economic backwardness of the country;
- achievement of economic independence;
- creation by powerful defense of the industry;
- prime development of key branches of the industry (fuel, metallurgical, chemical, mechanical engineering);
- formation of working class and frames of the technological intellectuals.
Industrialization course in Kazakhstan.
Industrialization in Kazakhstan began with mining of minerals, development of extracting industries: nonferrous metallurgy, carbon and oil industry. In the years of industrialization there was a construction of the railroads. The construction of the road connecting Siberia and Central Asia (Turksib), began expansion in April, 1927. Construction of the enterprises of the chemical industry in Chimkent, Aktyubinsk and other regions began. Kazakhstan quitted on the second place in the Union on production of non-ferrous metals, on the third place on oil production, Karaganda became the third carbon basis. In the years of industrialization large enterprises of the food industry were constructed also.
Industrialization yielded the results. In economy of Kazakhstan the industry became prevailing branch. In republic industrialization the first five-years period had 1928/29-1932/33 years importance. During a five-years period industrial production grew. Production of coal increased almost by 1,5 times in comparison with prior year, and oils by 2,2 times.
Result of successful implementation of course on industrialization was that Kazakhstan for historically short term from the backward feudal country turned into the agrarian-industrial republic, its specific weight in industrial production of the country rose. Over all country production of the heavy industry grew for the fifth anniversary by 2,8 times, mechanical engineering – by 4 times.
At the same time industrialization had also negative consequences. She demanded huge amounts of money, and this money was earned at the expense of their downloading from agriculture and a domestic loan. The industry of Kazakhstan had raw focus. There were no enterprises for oil refining, gas, metals.
61. Formation of Kirghiz (Kazakh) ASSR. Unification of the Kazakh land. After establishment of the Soviet power on national suburbs of the former Russian Empire including Kazakhstan, there was a question of formation of the Soviet national statehood.
The first Soviet national republic in the east of the country was the Turkestani ASSR proclaimed at the V congress of Councils of Turkestan. On April 30, 1918 the southern areas of modern Kazakhstan (being Syr-Darya and Semirechensky) were a part of the Turkestani republic.
At the end of 1918 beginning of 1920 there was an intense training to formation of the Kazakh Soviet autonomy. At the beginning of January, 1920 in Aktyubinsk the first regional Soviet conference with participation of deputies from the Kazakh regions of Turkestan and Siberia was held. At the beginning of August, 1920 at the National Commissariat for nationalities the meeting of representatives of Kazrevkam, Sibrevkama and Turtsik on whom the issue of transfer of Akmolinsky and Semipalatinsk areas to Kazakhstan and the relation of the last to RSFSR was finally resolved took place.
On August 17 the draft of the Decree about education by the Kyrgyz (Kazakh) Soviet Autonomous socialist republic was considered and approved by SNK RSFSR, and on August 26, 1920 this decree was approved and took effect.
On September 22, 1920 VTsIK new. the decree Kaz in addition entered ASSR into structure the Orenburg province.
On October 4-12, 1920 in Orenburg passed constituent congress of Councils of Kazakhstan, chosen Central Executive Committee at the head S.S.Mendeshev and Council of People's Commissars led by Century Radus-Zenkovich. Kazakhstan Became an autonomy as a part of Russia and the capital proclaimed Orenburg. In this regard the Orenburg province in September 1920 was a part of KACCP. For more convenient management of the party organizations of Kazakhstan the regional bureau of the Russian communist party and the Kazakh bureau at RKP Central Committee was created. The territory of the Republic made about 2 million, the population about 5 million people, it included Semipalatinsk, Akmolinsky, Turgaysky, Ural areas, the Mangyshlaksky district, part of the Krasnovodsk district, part of the Astrakhan province.
The idea of accession to Kazakhstan Semirechenskoi and Syr-Darya the areas which were a part of Turkestan, arose even during civil war. The Kazakh population of these areas constantly supported association with northern areas to one republic. It coincided and with plans of the central authorities interested in a partition of the Turkestani republic for weakening of pantyurkistsky and pan-Islamic ideas in Central Asia In 1924 of TACCP was abolished and divided into the Uzbek and Turkmen republics, and there were Kyrgyz and Tajik republics a bit later. The southern areas were attached to Kazakhstan. The part of the Orenburg province together with the city of Orenburg was transferred to Russia in this connection there was a question of the new capital of Kazakhstan. The choice fell on the center of Syr-Darya area Perovsk renamed into Kyzyl Horde. Association of all Kazakh lands as a part of one republic became an important milestone in the history