- •1. History of Kazakhstan as a science. The purpose and objectives of the study.
- •3) Kazakhstan in the Bronze Age. “Andronovo culture."
- •4. Religion
- •6. Saks: political history, economy and culture.
- •7) Ethno political history of Usuns in written sources.
- •In Turkic languages, the word "ak" means "white", "sacred"
- •In historical science hasn’t consensus on the term "Ak Orda", because in the medieval sources contained conflicting data about Ak Orda and Kok Orda.
- •9) Usuns: archaeological sites, settlements and facilities
- •10 . Mogolistan. : origins, ethnopolitical history.
- •11. Kangüy: archaeological sites, settlements and facilities.
- •13) State of nomadic Uzbeks. : origins, ethnopolitical history
- •14. The political history of the Huns
- •16. The Turk khaganate: ethnopolitical history, sources and culture
- •17) Western Turkic Khaganate: sources and history of the study
- •18) Turgesh khaganate: sources and history of the study
- •19) The formation of the Kazakh Khanate: sources and history of the study
- •20 . Karluk: ethnopolitical history, economy, and culture.
- •21. The Karakhanid state: sources and history of the study, economy, and culture
- •23)State of Oguz: ethnopolitical history, economy, and culture.
- •24. The history of the Kazakh Khanate in the XV-XVIII centuries
- •26. Kazakhstan in first third of хviii century. Tevkelev – 1-st ambassador of the Russian empire
- •27) Political parties and movements in Kazakhstan in the early twentieth century.
- •28) The Policy of Russian authorities in Kazakhstan of 30-50th years of XVIII c.
- •30 . Tsarism’s policy in Kazakhstan in the 1 st half of 19 century.
- •31. Formation of Inner Horde. Bukey-khan
- •33) Anti colonial struggle in Inner Horde under the leadership of I. Taimanov and m. Utemisov.
- •34. The national liberation movement of Kazakhs under the leadership of Sultan Kenesary.
- •36. Military Campaign of the Russian army to Central Asia in the first half of х1х century
- •37) Policy of Khiva and Kokand toward the Kazakhs in the first half of х1х century
- •39) Historiography of history of joining of Kazakhstan to Russia. Comparative analysis of this problem.
- •40.Administrative reform in Kazakhstan in the 60-s of h1h of century.
- •43) Contribution of Chokan Valikhanov in the study of the history of the Kazakh people.
- •44. Altynsarin's contribution to the development of Kazakh literary language and ethnography.
- •46. Kazakh-Jungar relations in the 40s of XVII century: Features and forms.
- •47) Oral tradition and literature in the хiх century
- •48) Educational policy of Kazakhstan in first half of х1х century.
- •49. State Duma and the Kazakh intelligentsia
- •50. Contribution to the study of Kazakhstan of Russian scientists
- •53) The newspaper "Kazakh" and the Journal "Aikap in the history and culture of the Kazakh people.
- •54. First World War. Rebellion of 1916.: The historiography of the issue.
- •55)Anti-colonial rebel of kazakhs in turgay and ural regions in 1869.Rebellion of adai in mangyshlak in 1870.
- •56. FirstI all-Kazakh Congress in Orenburg (5-13 December 1917) and its decision on the Kazakh autonomy.
- •86. December Kazakh Congress in 1917. Government of Alash Horde.
- •57) Civil war on the territory of Kazakhstan (1918-1920)
- •59) The collectivization of agriculture - the tragedy of the peasants in Kazakhstan
- •60. Industrialization: the nature, pace, results
- •62) Soviet cultural modernization in Kazakhstan (20-30-s)
- •63) Kazakhstan - an arsenal front during the Great Patriotic War
- •66. The “Secret Speech” of Nikita Khrushchev and desalinization
- •67) Kazakhstan during the growing crisis of the Soviet economic and socio-political system (1964 - 1985)
- •70. Socio-political development of independent Kazakhstan
- •1921 – 1929 – Years of carrying out New Economic Policy.
- •73) The mass repression of 1937-1938 and its consequences.
- •75) People deportation to Kazakhstan- the crime of totalitarianism
- •76. Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945: Origins, results, lessons
- •77) The development of science during war. Creation of a "History of the Kazakh ssr" (1943) and its value.
- •80. The first secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan Dinmuhammed Kunayev (1964-1986).
- •81. December events of 1 986 years in Alma-Aty: the crisis of ethnocentric policies of the Soviet state.
- •83) Kazakhstan during the reform era of Mikhail Gorbachev
- •84. Results of the 20th anniversary of the country's independent development
- •85) First Kazakh President- n.A. Nazarbayev (political portrait.)
- •87) Kazakhstan in the years of Khrushchev's reforms. Virgin and fallow lands: implications and lessons.
- •90. The collapse of the ussr and the formation of the cis
4. Religion
A complex system of religious beliefs, traditions and customs of the Bronze Age tribes reflect their disposal. The tribes of the Andronovo culture of the dead were burned or buried in a crouched position. Burning at the stake was associated with the cult of fire. In the graves of the deceased were placed head to the west or south-west,. There are special priests - priests who were the keepers of ancient traditions and knowledge. Their hallmark was a wooden bowl and a special hat. The mental abilities of people Bronze Age have been developed at the level of mythological concepts.
Jewelry.
Rings, rings, bracelets, necklaces, earrings. Of gold jewelry earrings only. The main character is an archaeological earrings and pendants. As amulets worn teeth of wild and PET and sinks.
Rock paintings
Wild bull - the tour (the symbol of abundance, of omnipotence and power), two-humped Bactrian camel, - the most common image in cave paintings. (Seven Rivers). Sun-god in Tanbalytase. Image about 50 chariots (Tau ridge). As well as pictures of argali, deer, dancing men (the symbol of the sun) in Tamgali, Zhasybaj, Khantau. A huge number of rock carvings (petroglyphs) of the Bronze Age found in the Seven Rivers, in the Almaty region, in the tract Tamgali.
Presumably at the beginning of the first millennium BC to the steppes of Eurasia's a brand new system of religion, later named after its founder Zoroaster - Zoroastrianism. This religious concept put forward the principle of social activity in the fight against the global scourge. Some of the higher self-virtuous deeds and activity are three basic principles:1. Good thoughts.2. The good word.3. Good deeds.Some of the elements of the religious reforms of Zarathustra:1. idea of the approach of the last stage of the existence of life.2. Good and evil will be separated from each other.3. Established on earth paradise with rivers of milk. Each individual will be able to take part in the destruction of evil.4. The denial of the demons - the devas.5. The doctrine of the afterlife. Underworld for the unjust. Until Zoratushty there was a system, it is argued that poor people will fall into the underworld and the powers that be at the sky. The main principle is not a principle of creation, and the principle of life - the fight against evil. Horse main sacrificial animal. The victims were brought to the rads and tribal sanctuaries. These sanctuaries were located in remote Metakhim: mountains rocks. 1370's. BC in the contract king of the Hittites, and the king of Mitanni mentioned the Aryan gods: Mitra, Varuna, the twin deities HaCaT. In the "Avesta" (Manual) mentions the following gods and tribes, neighbors of the Aryans:Mitra - god of the sun, the ruling golden chariot drawn by four belyami racers. His abode of the mountain, which has hosted the sources of the Amu Darya and Syr Darya (Ardvi, Datya). Sometimes he is depicted sitting on the back of a bull.Vertragna - God of battles and victories. Satellite Ahura-Mazda, is in the form of a bull, boar, wind, camel, horse - that is, has 10 incarnations.Ahura-Mazda - the creator god Vertragny. The creator of the world.Ardvi Sura Anahita - goddess of the river Amu Darya.Khosrow (Hoasrava) - the hero has rallied the country of the Aryans. According to European researchers, mentioned in the references, the Zoroastrian concept has had a significant impact on the religious beliefs of the peoples of the Middle East, on the formation of Judaism and Christianity.
5) MOHAMMED HAYDAR DULATI AND HIS WORK “TARIKH-I-RASHIDI” Historical work of the outstanding medieval historian and politician of east mirza Muhammad Haidar Dulati "Tarikh-i Rashidi" enjoys a wide and well-deserved reputation among Orientalists and historiographers Central Asia. It is highly rated and his contemporaries and historians end of 16-18 centuries. Many of them-Amin Ahmad Razi, Ibn Mahmud Wali, Shah Mahmood Churas and other sections have based their works on the materials of “ Tarihi Rashidi”. This book is one of the most important sources, making it possible to reveal the problem of ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Uyghur, to some degree, and Uzbek peoples. Mohammed Haydar in his work reflected the time of completion of the formation of 3 Turkic peoples of Central Asia, and the formation of their era ended in Mogolistan (and the rest of the Kazakh people, middle and junior zhuzs - in the era of the Ak-Orda. Khanate "nomadic Uzbeks," Nogai Horde ). They were successors to the Moguls, their nationhood, ethnic composition, the level of socio-cultural development. At the same time flowed into these peoples of the same Mughal tribes and clans that led to their relationship. The author has reflected in his work in the final stage of a long process of adding a single Kazakh nation - its acquisition of its national name. In its short history of the Kazakh rulers, he explains the origin of the names of ethnic groups, showing the transformation of the ethnic name "Uzbek-Kazakh" in "Kazakhs." He also recorded the appearance of the Kazakh ethnic and political identity. His work shows the administrative and military, territorial, and ethnic division of the state Mogolistan., Its social structure of the population. The writing of Mirza Haidar - the only labor, which refers to the fact of the formation of the Kazakh Khanate. First it is said about the split tribes east Dasht-i-Kipchak and Turkestan to "Uzbeks" and "Kazakh". On the so-called migration of the Kazakhs about 1459g.
That's what is said in the "Tarikhi Rashidi" about education of the Kazakh Khanate: "In this time Abul Khair Khan ruled the Kipchak steppes. He delivered a lot of trouble descendants Zhoshy - sultans. Janibek and Kerey Khans fled from him, and went into the Moghulistan. Esen Buga Khan, greeted them cheerfully and gave them a "Kozybasy" on the coast of Shu. This is the western edge of the Mogulistan. They lived peacefully in this region. After the death of his descendants Abulhair brought discord among themselves, and there was a lot of misunderstanding. Some of them gathered around the Khans Kerey and Janibek. Their number reached 200,000. They became known as the Uzbek-Kazakh. The Management Board of the Kazakh sultans began with 870 Information from Allah more accurate! " Thus, Muhammad Haidar Dulati in 870 of the Hegira, or the years 1465-1466. the new calendar was created by the Kazakh Khanate.