- •1. History of Kazakhstan as a science. The purpose and objectives of the study.
- •3) Kazakhstan in the Bronze Age. “Andronovo culture."
- •4. Religion
- •6. Saks: political history, economy and culture.
- •7) Ethno political history of Usuns in written sources.
- •In Turkic languages, the word "ak" means "white", "sacred"
- •In historical science hasn’t consensus on the term "Ak Orda", because in the medieval sources contained conflicting data about Ak Orda and Kok Orda.
- •9) Usuns: archaeological sites, settlements and facilities
- •10 . Mogolistan. : origins, ethnopolitical history.
- •11. Kangüy: archaeological sites, settlements and facilities.
- •13) State of nomadic Uzbeks. : origins, ethnopolitical history
- •14. The political history of the Huns
- •16. The Turk khaganate: ethnopolitical history, sources and culture
- •17) Western Turkic Khaganate: sources and history of the study
- •18) Turgesh khaganate: sources and history of the study
- •19) The formation of the Kazakh Khanate: sources and history of the study
- •20 . Karluk: ethnopolitical history, economy, and culture.
- •21. The Karakhanid state: sources and history of the study, economy, and culture
- •23)State of Oguz: ethnopolitical history, economy, and culture.
- •24. The history of the Kazakh Khanate in the XV-XVIII centuries
- •26. Kazakhstan in first third of хviii century. Tevkelev – 1-st ambassador of the Russian empire
- •27) Political parties and movements in Kazakhstan in the early twentieth century.
- •28) The Policy of Russian authorities in Kazakhstan of 30-50th years of XVIII c.
- •30 . Tsarism’s policy in Kazakhstan in the 1 st half of 19 century.
- •31. Formation of Inner Horde. Bukey-khan
- •33) Anti colonial struggle in Inner Horde under the leadership of I. Taimanov and m. Utemisov.
- •34. The national liberation movement of Kazakhs under the leadership of Sultan Kenesary.
- •36. Military Campaign of the Russian army to Central Asia in the first half of х1х century
- •37) Policy of Khiva and Kokand toward the Kazakhs in the first half of х1х century
- •39) Historiography of history of joining of Kazakhstan to Russia. Comparative analysis of this problem.
- •40.Administrative reform in Kazakhstan in the 60-s of h1h of century.
- •43) Contribution of Chokan Valikhanov in the study of the history of the Kazakh people.
- •44. Altynsarin's contribution to the development of Kazakh literary language and ethnography.
- •46. Kazakh-Jungar relations in the 40s of XVII century: Features and forms.
- •47) Oral tradition and literature in the хiх century
- •48) Educational policy of Kazakhstan in first half of х1х century.
- •49. State Duma and the Kazakh intelligentsia
- •50. Contribution to the study of Kazakhstan of Russian scientists
- •53) The newspaper "Kazakh" and the Journal "Aikap in the history and culture of the Kazakh people.
- •54. First World War. Rebellion of 1916.: The historiography of the issue.
- •55)Anti-colonial rebel of kazakhs in turgay and ural regions in 1869.Rebellion of adai in mangyshlak in 1870.
- •56. FirstI all-Kazakh Congress in Orenburg (5-13 December 1917) and its decision on the Kazakh autonomy.
- •86. December Kazakh Congress in 1917. Government of Alash Horde.
- •57) Civil war on the territory of Kazakhstan (1918-1920)
- •59) The collectivization of agriculture - the tragedy of the peasants in Kazakhstan
- •60. Industrialization: the nature, pace, results
- •62) Soviet cultural modernization in Kazakhstan (20-30-s)
- •63) Kazakhstan - an arsenal front during the Great Patriotic War
- •66. The “Secret Speech” of Nikita Khrushchev and desalinization
- •67) Kazakhstan during the growing crisis of the Soviet economic and socio-political system (1964 - 1985)
- •70. Socio-political development of independent Kazakhstan
- •1921 – 1929 – Years of carrying out New Economic Policy.
- •73) The mass repression of 1937-1938 and its consequences.
- •75) People deportation to Kazakhstan- the crime of totalitarianism
- •76. Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945: Origins, results, lessons
- •77) The development of science during war. Creation of a "History of the Kazakh ssr" (1943) and its value.
- •80. The first secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan Dinmuhammed Kunayev (1964-1986).
- •81. December events of 1 986 years in Alma-Aty: the crisis of ethnocentric policies of the Soviet state.
- •83) Kazakhstan during the reform era of Mikhail Gorbachev
- •84. Results of the 20th anniversary of the country's independent development
- •85) First Kazakh President- n.A. Nazarbayev (political portrait.)
- •87) Kazakhstan in the years of Khrushchev's reforms. Virgin and fallow lands: implications and lessons.
- •90. The collapse of the ussr and the formation of the cis
43) Contribution of Chokan Valikhanov in the study of the history of the Kazakh people.
Chokan Chingisovich Valikhanov - the great Kazakh Orientalist scholar, historian, ethnographer, geographer, folklorist, translator, journalist, traveler, born in 1835, in the fortress near Kushmurun Kustanai. Childhood Chokan passed on the family estate in Syrymbet Aiganym grandmother. Father Shokan - Genghis, yeah-Sultan, the grandfather Ualikhan. Khan was the great-grandfather of Shokan Abylai. At the age of twelve Chokan went to study in the Siberian military school in the city of Omsk, which was considered at that time the best educational institution in Siberia. In the Cadet Corps Chokan enthusiastically studied, and in just two or three years, overtook its peers in terms of knowledge. In the formation of the world played a significant role Chokan friend and classmate of his G.Potanin, teachers NF Kostyletsky, writer, VT Lobodovsky. In 1852, he met with orientalist Chokan IN Berezin and at his request, wrote the article "Khan's Tokhtamysh shortcuts." It was his first scientific paper. Already about 14-15-year-old Shokan teachers said that he would be a scientist. In 1853 Chokan graduated from the Cadet Corps with the rank of cornet and joined the adjutant-general governor of Steppes GH Gasfort. Young and precocious and educated Kazakhs have noticed Russian intellectuals, by fate living in Omsk, writers and poets AN Mikes, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, V.Kurochkin, scientist-orientalist K.K.Gutkovsky and others. Chokan Valikhanov took part in the fate of the exiled writer petrashevtsa, future classic Russian literature FM Dostoevsky, contributed to his early release from exile. In the service of the Governor-General, Chokan studied history, ethnography, literature, and culture of the peoples of Central Asia, traveled to Central Kazakhstan, Zhetisu, Tarbagatay collecting materials and writing articles on the history of the steppe, the customs and traditions, religion Kazakhs. In the years 1856-57 Ch Valikhanov committed research and ethnographic expedition to Zailiysky Kyrgyz and villages in the Senior Juz in Kul'dzha, where he became acquainted with the history of Junggar. On these trips, he wrote the famous "Essays Junggar," "Notes on the Kirghiz", "On the genres of Kazakh folk poetry," "Diary of a trip to Issyk-Kul ',' Legends and Legends of large Kaisak Kirghiz hordes" and other works, which have become basis of a fundamentally new approach to the Kazakhs, their culture and literature. These essays and articles have been highly appreciated by Russian scientists. Another result of these trips was the fact that Chokan acquainted with some of the great leaders of the Kyrgyz epic "Manas", wrote them down, analyzed, translated into Russian, showed that "Manas" - an outstanding work of Eastern oral traditions of the Kyrgyz folklore. And, Chokan called "Manas" steppe "Iliad" and the continuation of "Manas" poem "Semetei" Chokan designated as the eastern "Odyssey." That's right, some chapters of "Manas" was the world's first published in Russian. The adventurer PPSemenov Tien Shan met Chokan in Zhetisu-su, and consulted with him about the routes on the edge. On his recommendation in 1857 Chokan became a full member of the Russian Geographical Society.
In the years 1858-1859 Chokan made the most important thing in his short life journey in Kashgar. Under the name of the merchant Alimbaya, shaved his head and changing the appearance, Chokan satellites entered in Kashgar, where he lived for five months. He was able to solve the mystery of the death of British explorer Adolf Schlagintweit, a few months earlier he had come to Kashgar from India, and who died at the hands of the local feudal lord, Yakub Beg. Chokan brought from Kashgar many interesting statistical and historical data that have been published in the "Memoirs of Russian Geographical Society," in the form of two articles: "Essays Dzungaria" and "Description of Kashgar or Altyshaar." Altyshaar more correct "Altyshahar" that is, "Six Cities" in those days was the name of East Turkistan, the unknown state of the European geographical science. Returning from Kashgar to Omsk Chokan was greeted as a hero, the explored unknown lands, encouraged, sent to St. Petersburg, where he had a meeting with the king, to which the Emperor said his special merits before Fatherland. Unfortunately, in St. Petersburg Chokan was only a few months, due to illness, went back to their homes.
Ch Ch Valikhanov made a significant contribution to the development of ethnography and folklore of Kazakh people. He studied various ethnographical problems and left many valuable Closed and neoconchennyh ethnographic research. The results of his observations historical and ethnographic in its depth and importance cost much, above the works of many contemporary Kazakh scientists. In his works we find a wealth of exclusive original and deep thoughts and ideas, research findings, interesting hypomes, the data have not lost their importance to science and to present the time. Breadth of knowledge of the scientist, his erudition, his ability to exploretopical and extremely complex and difficult problems for thin understanding of the life and identity of the Orient, and the role of knowledge of advanced Russian culture for their fates affect the reader.
Especially significant contribution Ch Valihanov in the study of history Zhuz. As you know, until the middle of the XIX century. in science-domination " gross misconception expressed more travelers XVIII century.,that the Great Horde and Kyrgyz are a special people, a great of Kazakhs. However, in the first half of the XIX century. and others expressed opinion, but since ethnographical Great Horde and Kyrgyz people remained unexplored, science did not have to stovernymi data to refute the old point of view.In the 1855-1859 years. Ch Ch Valikhanov as a result of careful field Research has collected considerable material and made up for this probel. In "Sketches of Junggar" he made the following exclusive
• an important scientific conclusion: "Graduating their ethnographic notes on the Burut and Uysun (Kyrgyz and Kazakhs of the Great Horde. - E. Mi), I assumed to melt should be noted that there should not confuse these two very different people. Was taken care of at one time years. Levshin, Maine Dorf and heatedly Father Hyacinth (N. I-Bichurin. - EM), but So far, no one listened to them. Their words were the voice of one crying in the empty not even Humboldt and Ritter could not understand well the thing: they thought Burut it makes up a large horde Kaisak this is something that must be distinguished from a horde of Minor and Central. But it was a pain Scheu mistake for the venerable giants of science. Large, Medium Small and Kirghiz hordes Kaisak are one people "Cossack" from personnel from Kyrgyz called Chinese - Burut, Russian dikokamennymi or black. These two nations differ in language,in origin, the customs. Even in the face is that Burut original, not Kaisak ... " As you can see, this conclusion was results not only ethnographic, but also linguistic and anthrotopological survey website.No less important are the statements and studies Valihanov on the origin of the Kazakh nation.Feasible solution to this problem, he thought, perhaps, the main objective of his study on the history and ethnography of the native people.