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33) Anti colonial struggle in Inner Horde under the leadership of I. Taimanov and m. Utemisov.

In the national liberation struggle of Kazakh, people occupies an important place uprising led Isatai Taimanov and Makhambet Utemisov. In 1801, between the Volga and the Urals moved five thousand Kazakh households headed by Khan Bouquet, which initiated the formation of the Inner (Bukeyev) horde. By the end of the 30s in it there were about 20 million households and 80 million people. Land and pastures were distributed unevenly. In a short time, 273 land passed into private ownership in the Kazakh and Russian feudal lords and landlords Yusupov Bezborodko. Han Zhangir secured the 400 Tew. acres of land. Especially good at it does not have the title of Sultan Khan's cousin - Sentry-Hodge Babadzanov. For leased land from the landlords, he calculated, and then on your own to collect rent from those of Kazakh villages, which is allowed to graze cattle on leased land, collecting fines, various taxes under the guise of its proximity to the Khan.

The first wave of performances in Inner Horde took place in the years 1827-1829. Kazakh villages returned to the Urals. The foreman explained Serkesh Zhaksybaev Ural Ataman troops Borodin, "that the cause of the transition to the Urals are intolerable loss and harassment by Khan, served with people going on a few times in the incommensurate with justice and the situation of paying the amount. Acute land crisis, the tax burden, a variety of cutting down the land, the feudal infighting led in 1836 to a rebellion led uprising batyrs Isatai Taymanoa and Makhambet Utemisov.

Isatai born in 1791. In 1808, the race Isatai migrated to the Inner Horde. At 21, he was appointed foreman Dzhaikova Berysh branch of the tribe. Isatai closest associate was a poet Makhambet Utemisov. He owned the Tatar and Russian languages. Was in Khiva, lived in Orenburg. Makhambet was familiar with the Russian writer and ethnographer V.IDalem and scholar-traveler G.S.Karelinym.

In February 1836 an open struggle against the Khan of the Kazakh people Zhangir The occasion was a challenge Isatai a bet. He refused to appear, took their villages with wintering and collected a large rebel camp.

Khan and his entourage went to slander. During barymty someone was killed by an old shepherd. Khan organized the investigation tried to prove the involvement of Isatai and his associates in the murder. Isatai well aware that the Sentry-Hodge acted with the consent Zhangir, but kept all the rules of etiquette east. At the Sentry-Hodge decided to file a complaint with the Khan. Complaints and petitions in 1836 and 1837 Isatai used to expose policy Zhangir and his entourage to the people. Isatai a large gathering of people filed a petition against receipt, which is the name of Khan promised to consider within 12 days, but nothing was done. In the eyes of the people of Khan was ashamed,

At the beginning of 1837 expanded the boundaries of the insurgency. In the summer and autumn of 1837 began an active attack rebels in the villages of large bais. Major rebel forces approached the Khan's rate. Isatai did not want to force capture rate. The rebels demanded that Zhangir Khan removed from their surroundings biys bar and the Sentry-Hodge, and power passed into the hands of tribal elders, and the cessation of all cases initiated against them, or transfer them to court biys.

Han Zhangir was scared. Negotiations began, Khan filed a new petition. Taimanov was trying to convince the administration to the possibility of a peaceful resolution of the conflict with Khan. Meanwhile, the administration and the Orenburg Khan hastily pulled together the Cossacks formed the Khan's squad for punitive action. At dawn on 15 November between rebels and troops in the area punitive Tas-Tube there was a fierce battle, during the persecution of the rebels were killed large numbers of livestock, dozens of people were killed, and Issatay Mahambet escaped.

July 12, 1838 at the river Kiyl clashed with rebels punitive, which Isatai Taimanov was killed.

After the defeat of the uprising was severe persecution of its members, which small groups have sought refuge in the wilderness. Many ordering lashes, sentenced to hard labor, confiscated property, sent to eternal posepenie.

The main driving force of the uprising, led Isatai and Makhambetov were splurging nomads, which largely determined its direction. Heterogeneity, spontaneity, to a large extent and locality, lack of a clear program, the lack of organization were the reasons for the defeat.

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