- •1. History of Kazakhstan as a science. The purpose and objectives of the study.
- •3) Kazakhstan in the Bronze Age. “Andronovo culture."
- •4. Religion
- •6. Saks: political history, economy and culture.
- •7) Ethno political history of Usuns in written sources.
- •In Turkic languages, the word "ak" means "white", "sacred"
- •In historical science hasn’t consensus on the term "Ak Orda", because in the medieval sources contained conflicting data about Ak Orda and Kok Orda.
- •9) Usuns: archaeological sites, settlements and facilities
- •10 . Mogolistan. : origins, ethnopolitical history.
- •11. Kangüy: archaeological sites, settlements and facilities.
- •13) State of nomadic Uzbeks. : origins, ethnopolitical history
- •14. The political history of the Huns
- •16. The Turk khaganate: ethnopolitical history, sources and culture
- •17) Western Turkic Khaganate: sources and history of the study
- •18) Turgesh khaganate: sources and history of the study
- •19) The formation of the Kazakh Khanate: sources and history of the study
- •20 . Karluk: ethnopolitical history, economy, and culture.
- •21. The Karakhanid state: sources and history of the study, economy, and culture
- •23)State of Oguz: ethnopolitical history, economy, and culture.
- •24. The history of the Kazakh Khanate in the XV-XVIII centuries
- •26. Kazakhstan in first third of хviii century. Tevkelev – 1-st ambassador of the Russian empire
- •27) Political parties and movements in Kazakhstan in the early twentieth century.
- •28) The Policy of Russian authorities in Kazakhstan of 30-50th years of XVIII c.
- •30 . Tsarism’s policy in Kazakhstan in the 1 st half of 19 century.
- •31. Formation of Inner Horde. Bukey-khan
- •33) Anti colonial struggle in Inner Horde under the leadership of I. Taimanov and m. Utemisov.
- •34. The national liberation movement of Kazakhs under the leadership of Sultan Kenesary.
- •36. Military Campaign of the Russian army to Central Asia in the first half of х1х century
- •37) Policy of Khiva and Kokand toward the Kazakhs in the first half of х1х century
- •39) Historiography of history of joining of Kazakhstan to Russia. Comparative analysis of this problem.
- •40.Administrative reform in Kazakhstan in the 60-s of h1h of century.
- •43) Contribution of Chokan Valikhanov in the study of the history of the Kazakh people.
- •44. Altynsarin's contribution to the development of Kazakh literary language and ethnography.
- •46. Kazakh-Jungar relations in the 40s of XVII century: Features and forms.
- •47) Oral tradition and literature in the хiх century
- •48) Educational policy of Kazakhstan in first half of х1х century.
- •49. State Duma and the Kazakh intelligentsia
- •50. Contribution to the study of Kazakhstan of Russian scientists
- •53) The newspaper "Kazakh" and the Journal "Aikap in the history and culture of the Kazakh people.
- •54. First World War. Rebellion of 1916.: The historiography of the issue.
- •55)Anti-colonial rebel of kazakhs in turgay and ural regions in 1869.Rebellion of adai in mangyshlak in 1870.
- •56. FirstI all-Kazakh Congress in Orenburg (5-13 December 1917) and its decision on the Kazakh autonomy.
- •86. December Kazakh Congress in 1917. Government of Alash Horde.
- •57) Civil war on the territory of Kazakhstan (1918-1920)
- •59) The collectivization of agriculture - the tragedy of the peasants in Kazakhstan
- •60. Industrialization: the nature, pace, results
- •62) Soviet cultural modernization in Kazakhstan (20-30-s)
- •63) Kazakhstan - an arsenal front during the Great Patriotic War
- •66. The “Secret Speech” of Nikita Khrushchev and desalinization
- •67) Kazakhstan during the growing crisis of the Soviet economic and socio-political system (1964 - 1985)
- •70. Socio-political development of independent Kazakhstan
- •1921 – 1929 – Years of carrying out New Economic Policy.
- •73) The mass repression of 1937-1938 and its consequences.
- •75) People deportation to Kazakhstan- the crime of totalitarianism
- •76. Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945: Origins, results, lessons
- •77) The development of science during war. Creation of a "History of the Kazakh ssr" (1943) and its value.
- •80. The first secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan Dinmuhammed Kunayev (1964-1986).
- •81. December events of 1 986 years in Alma-Aty: the crisis of ethnocentric policies of the Soviet state.
- •83) Kazakhstan during the reform era of Mikhail Gorbachev
- •84. Results of the 20th anniversary of the country's independent development
- •85) First Kazakh President- n.A. Nazarbayev (political portrait.)
- •87) Kazakhstan in the years of Khrushchev's reforms. Virgin and fallow lands: implications and lessons.
- •90. The collapse of the ussr and the formation of the cis
23)State of Oguz: ethnopolitical history, economy, and culture.
From the 6th century, was one of the Oguz Turkic members in Kok-Turk (hexane Turkish) Kaganate. Part of the Turkic tribes that were part of the hex-Turkic Khanate from the 6th century, during the period of unrest that began in 630, united into a union, resulting in a "Nine-Oguz Khanate" in the area of the rivers Selenga and Tolga.
In 682G. Concerned Kutlug progress Oguz, who lived on the banks of the Selenga, attempted to cooperate with the Chinese and Kitans. The attack, on the advice of Tonyukuk on the shore of Lake Cow, was successful and has eliminated the risk of Oguz.
At 691g. at the beginning of the Uighur Khanate, Moen, mind you, still being a "Tegin," was the head of Oguz. However, after a while Oguz rebelled against the Uighur Khanate. This time, they were part of the eight - Oguz. Moen-Chur suppressed Oguz, united with the "thirty Tartars." Oguzy, crossing Selenga, retreated.
716 - Rise of the Nine and the death Qapagan Oguz Kagan.
In 716-Kul tegin made five trips to the Oguz, four of them participated and bilge. As a result of the campaign, was forced to undertake in 715 Hagan on Oguz tribes, their cattle were killed. In 716 one of the Oguz tribes - Bairku - was brutally suppressed. Sage Tonyuquq with Ilterish Hagan killed many Chinese people in the south, China to the east, the Oguz in the north. Oguz struggle continues unabated. Even in a year when many animals were lost due to drought, Bilge was on the march. Uch Oguz (3 Oguz - Karluk) attacked Otyuken were repulsed. Oguzy begin their attack, agreeing with the Tatars were defeated in war by Agu, resulting in mass Oguz left the country and moved to the borders of China (717-718g.g.).
At the beginning of the IX century Oguz allied with Qarluqs and Kimaks destroyed Kangar alliance and captured the lower reaches of the Syr Darya and Aral Sea steppes. In the IX century in the conquered territory Oguz formed their own state.
Prior to joining Oguz on the Syr Darya, was the old capital of their Guziya in Zhetisu. In the tenth century. Oguz was the capital of the state Yangikent, or the so-called New Guziya. Yangikent is located on the old caravan route, at the junction of the nomadic world with sedentary agricultural culture.
The political history of Oguz
Oguz state played an important role in the military's political history of Eurasia. In the year 965 Oguz, in alliance with the Kievan Rus, conquered the Khazar Khanate. In 985, the Union defeated the Volga Bulgar, which led to the political power of Oguz power.
In XI. Oguz started promotion in Iran and Asia Minor. This movement was led by the rulers of the tribe Kanykei Then col-Bey and Cagri Bey, Selcuk grandchildren, after whom the families who participated in the movement, called the Seljuks. In 1025 part of the Seljuks settled in present-day Turkmenistan, near the town of Nes. In the 1034-1035 years. they were joined by citizens Togrul Beg. In the 1038-1040 years. Seljuks were against Ghaznavids and captured Nishapur. Subsequently, they were able to create a huge state, encompassing what is Asia Minor, Iran, part of the Caucasus and Central Asia. During the reign of Ali Khan frequent popular uprisings against brutal exploitation and predatory tax collection. The discontent of the people was used Seljuk leaders, who wanted to seize power in the country. Successor Ali Khan Shahmelik consolidated his power by suppressing the popular uprising in 1041 and captured the Khorezm. During his reign, Oguz state has strengthened. However, two years later, Shahmelik into the hands of the Seljuks and was executed. It was the last ruler of the Oguz.
In the middle of the XI century. due to internal and external contradictions Oguz state fell, and its population became part of Kipchak power. Much of the Oguz had gone into East Europe and Asia Minor, the other part came under the rule karaganid and Seljuk rulers of Khorasan. Remnants of the defeated Kipchak Oguz subsequently dissolved among the Turkic-speaking tribes of Dasht-i-Kipchak.
In physical type Oguz prevailed Mongoloid racial appearance. Oguz tribes as one of the components involved in the formation of many modern Turkic peoples.
Economy
The Turks, though rare, have built walls. Such was, for example, the capital of Hun Thanh Chichi, destroyed by the Chinese in 36 BC In addition, the Asian Huns, the city was built Gu-Tsang in the Kansu.The city of Itil was of a wall with four gates. However, the Turks, as a rule, do not like to surround the city walls (words Tonyukuk) because it did not fit their lifestyle.The cities of Kok-Turks were not the result of an aspiration to emulate the "settled" life. First, you must have a common agriculture and,
therefore, of the village. This is especially true of the Pechenegs, Oguz, Khazars and Volga Bulgars. Turks have been fortified city, as mentioned above.Shopping centers were alive and Oguz city, built in the 10th century., Karadjuk, Sutkent, Altun-Tepe, Savran, Sairam, Karnak, Gorgol Tepe, Gent, Sugnak, Ishka, Chardara, Bayirkum etc.The victory of the Muslims with the Karluk in the war of Talas in 751, finally repelled the Chinese interest in Western Asia. This started a period of prosperity in the Asia and the western states and cities of the Uighurs, Karluk, Oguz. Implemented at the time of the Huns and the 1 x hex-Turki nezavitsimost was again achieved in the second half of the 9th century, the political organizations of Uyghurs in East Turkestan, turgishey in western Turkestan, and especially the Karluk. On the west, the Khazar Khanate was an important state.
Culture and Literature
One of the ancient Turkic destans was about a famous hero Alper Tung. Mentioned in the work of the poet Ferdowsi (11th century) under the name of Afrasiab, he lived for centuries in the memory of the Turks, in his honor, feasts, "yoga", some of the ruling Turkish families (Karahan, Uighurs, Seljuks) associate themselves with him. Another destan, describing the life of the steppe Turks, is destan of Manas - "typical hero Alper period." The book "Dede Korkut", which is considered part of the ancient Oguz destans thanks of its description of the society of steppe Turks, their organization, social structure, customs and traditions, occupies an important place in literature.