23. Different Ways of Communicating in Writing.

Written communication is the process of communicating a message by creating a hard copy of the message. Multiple types of written communication are used in the system development life cycle.

The first type of written communication is letters, or correspondence. There are different types of letters, each dependent on the purpose of the communication. If the letter is intended for friends and family, it is generally written in a personal manner which does not follow any structure or rule. These letters are intended to inform friends and family of new developments or events.

The next type of letter is more formal. These types of letters are used in a professional atmosphere. Based on Brusaw, Alred, and Oliu, there are nine categories of letters used in business (1997).

Reports are the next type of written communication. Reports are used to summarize actions regarding certain events or activities. During each phase of the system development life cycle, many reports are created to account for certain activities during a phase. Examples of these reports include preliminary investigation reports, system requirements document, system design specification, process report, and others. Based on Shelly, Cashman, and Rosenblatt, there are five major sections of a report (2008).

E-mails are the next type of written communication. E-mails have taken the place of actual "pen and paper" memos. Also, e-mail has taken the place of written letters due to the ease and speed of sending and receiving e-mails. Similar to all communication, there are rules or etiquette that should be followed in sending e-mails. Some of the most common rules are not using text message shorthand in a business e-mail and not using all capital letters, which means you are shouting. For a more detailed description of e-mail etiquette, visit the following Web site: http://www.netmanners.com/

In all written communication, there are styles and readability suggestions. The list below is based on Shelly, Cashman, and Rosenblatt (2008). The list is a suggestion to help create a successful written communication.

1.Take a writing course

2. Know your audience - Knowing the audience is always important. If communicating to an audience that is not in your profession, you should not use any jargon that the audience will not understand.

3. Use active voice when possible -- passive voice rarely

4. Keep your writing concise and well-organized

- Give an introduction to your topic

- Talk about the topic

- Summarize your topic

5.Use an appropriate style - First person, third person

6.Use lists - An easy way of to give a lot of detail and a way to show importance in a topic

7.Use short, easy-to-understand words 

8.Avoid repeating the same word too often

9.Check your spelling - use spell checker

10.Check your grammar - use grammar checker

11.Check your work carefully

Переклад - Різні способи зв'язку при написанні.