- •Кафедра германской филологии
- •Для студентов заочной формы обучения
- •Введение
- •Методические рекомендации по выполнению контрольной работы
- •Оглавление
- •Lexicology and its role among other linguistic disciplines
- •Assignments
- •General characteristics of the english lexicon
- •Assignments
- •Complete the table using the words from the box. Do not fill the shaded boxes.
- •Identify the register reference of the following boldface words as:
- •In the following passage Cockney (rhyming slang) phrases replace the following words. Identify them. Answer:
- •4.1. Identify a historism in one of these sentences:
- •4.2. Identify lexical archaism:
- •4.3. Identify a grammatical archaism:
- •Dialect
- •Sometimes common British terms leave other English speakers in the fog. Try to find their meaning.
- •Register
- •What do the following short expressions mean?
- •Define each of the following items. Indicate any features of style, register or dialect. Use a dictionary for the purpose.
- •Replace the general, overused adjectives and adverbs with a more specific and effective one.
- •Replace the underlined words with the phrasal verbs. Use the verbs from the list in the previous exercise.
- •Etymological characteristics of the english lexicon
- •Assignments
- •Give the Russian equivalents for the following foreign words:
- •Give the meaning and the origin of the following words and names used as words:
- •Morphological characteristics of the english lexicon and word-formation
- •Assignments
- •Comment on the structure of the combinations of words given below:
- •Explain the meaning of the underlined units:
- •Semantic structure of a word. Changes in semantic structures
- •Assignments
- •Compare the semantic structure of the following words (use componential or contrastive analysis):
- •Present the semantic structure of the verb “remember”; use distributional and transformational analyses.
- •Synonymic and antonymic relations in the english lexicon
- •Assignments
- •Using a dictionary o synonyms call synonyms for all the meanings of the following words:
- •Substitute the underlined word with a synonym:
- •Classify the following synonyms into three groups: a) ideographic, b) stylistic, c)ideographic-stylistic.
- •Classify the following words and word combinations into lexical sets and decide which word is the dominant word:
- •Make up a list of all the English colour terms and find their Russian equivalents. Form hyponymic structures.
- •Collocability and combinability in modern english. Phraseology
- •Assignments
- •Using various dictionaries compare the grammatical valency of the words:
- •Give words of the same root in Russian. Compare their semantic structure and valency.
- •Give English equivalents for the Russian words:
- •From the words in brackets choose the correct one to go with each of the synonyms given below:
- •Select the adjective that best describes the noun:
- •Find phraseological units, comment on their meaning and type.
- •Explain the meaning of the following English idioms:
- •Language – dialect – variant
- •Assignments
- •Who do you think is he most likely to be speaking, an American or a British person?
- •Lexicography
- •Assignments
- •Look at the numbered parts of the page. Label the components given below with the parts of the dictionary page:
- •Using the following plan, provide a description of a dictionary:
- •Список тем для самостоятельной работы
Assignments
Compare the semantic structure of the following words (use componential or contrastive analysis):
Use componential analysis: to stop – to cease;
Use contrastive analysis: slender - skinny
Present the semantic structure of the verb “remember”; use distributional and transformational analyses.
State which of the words possesses wider polysemy and explain why:
ORDER
FELLOW
MAN
CHANGE
TEACHER
RHYME
JOY
FEDERATION
Give the nominative meanings of the following homonyms:
LAP – LAP
MEANS – MEANS
QUID – QUID
ROE – ROE
WARD – WARD
Classify the following homonyms:
BOX – TO BOX
MINT – MINT
FINGER – TO FINGER
FRY – TO FRY
WEAK – WEAK
LIKE – LIKE
Explain the development of meaning of the following words:
Season, fame, inn, girl, knave, rascal, greedy, queen, timber, gossip.
Explain the changes of meaning of the words:
Broadcast, pip, team, spinster, smart, meat, journal.
For each of the following words write two sentences: one illustrating the literal meaning of the word, the other – the metaphorical meaning. Use the dictionary for help.
Jungle, oasis, cool, flower, satellite, stomach, sniping, splinter, lobby, crystallize.
Explain both the literal and the figurative meanings of the metaphors:
He is a turncoat trying to return from Red China.
The upshot of the discussion was that he quit his job.
The riot was sparked by a rock-throwing incident.
He had a real blast last night.
She certainly had a sunny disposition.
It is time that we did something about down-at-the-heels housing.
Because it was a holiday, one a skeleton crew was on duty.
Synonymic and antonymic relations in the english lexicon
Study the following topics and complete the assignments bellow. Provide the corresponding précis.
Synonymy:
approaches to the phenomenon;
criteria of synonymy;
classifications of synonyms (acc. to V.V. Vinogradov and G.B. Antrushina);
lexical set; synonymic dominant;
Polysemy vs. Synonymy.
Groupings:
Absolute (total) synonyms;
ideographic synonyms;
stylistic synonyms;
ideographic-stylistic synonyms;
contextual synonyms;
Euphemisms as special type of stylistic synonyms.
Antonyms:
types of antonyms;
classification of antonyms.
Other possible groupings: hyponymic groupings, semantic fields etc.
Assignments
Using a dictionary o synonyms call synonyms for all the meanings of the following words:
Deeply, division, excess, execute, great, height, leave, pure, quick, return.