- •Кафедра германской филологии
- •Для студентов заочной формы обучения
- •Введение
- •Методические рекомендации по выполнению контрольной работы
- •Оглавление
- •Lexicology and its role among other linguistic disciplines
- •Assignments
- •General characteristics of the english lexicon
- •Assignments
- •Complete the table using the words from the box. Do not fill the shaded boxes.
- •Identify the register reference of the following boldface words as:
- •In the following passage Cockney (rhyming slang) phrases replace the following words. Identify them. Answer:
- •4.1. Identify a historism in one of these sentences:
- •4.2. Identify lexical archaism:
- •4.3. Identify a grammatical archaism:
- •Dialect
- •Sometimes common British terms leave other English speakers in the fog. Try to find their meaning.
- •Register
- •What do the following short expressions mean?
- •Define each of the following items. Indicate any features of style, register or dialect. Use a dictionary for the purpose.
- •Replace the general, overused adjectives and adverbs with a more specific and effective one.
- •Replace the underlined words with the phrasal verbs. Use the verbs from the list in the previous exercise.
- •Etymological characteristics of the english lexicon
- •Assignments
- •Give the Russian equivalents for the following foreign words:
- •Give the meaning and the origin of the following words and names used as words:
- •Morphological characteristics of the english lexicon and word-formation
- •Assignments
- •Comment on the structure of the combinations of words given below:
- •Explain the meaning of the underlined units:
- •Semantic structure of a word. Changes in semantic structures
- •Assignments
- •Compare the semantic structure of the following words (use componential or contrastive analysis):
- •Present the semantic structure of the verb “remember”; use distributional and transformational analyses.
- •Synonymic and antonymic relations in the english lexicon
- •Assignments
- •Using a dictionary o synonyms call synonyms for all the meanings of the following words:
- •Substitute the underlined word with a synonym:
- •Classify the following synonyms into three groups: a) ideographic, b) stylistic, c)ideographic-stylistic.
- •Classify the following words and word combinations into lexical sets and decide which word is the dominant word:
- •Make up a list of all the English colour terms and find their Russian equivalents. Form hyponymic structures.
- •Collocability and combinability in modern english. Phraseology
- •Assignments
- •Using various dictionaries compare the grammatical valency of the words:
- •Give words of the same root in Russian. Compare their semantic structure and valency.
- •Give English equivalents for the Russian words:
- •From the words in brackets choose the correct one to go with each of the synonyms given below:
- •Select the adjective that best describes the noun:
- •Find phraseological units, comment on their meaning and type.
- •Explain the meaning of the following English idioms:
- •Language – dialect – variant
- •Assignments
- •Who do you think is he most likely to be speaking, an American or a British person?
- •Lexicography
- •Assignments
- •Look at the numbered parts of the page. Label the components given below with the parts of the dictionary page:
- •Using the following plan, provide a description of a dictionary:
- •Список тем для самостоятельной работы
Explain the meaning of the underlined units:
They are I the scrap-metal business. Snappers-up of unconsidered trifles.
A woman is the giver-away of secrets, the indiscreet, and the weak link in any chain.
Goldie was a great dropper-in.
You know the old saying - nothing propinks like propinquity.
Jane was liaising with them all.
Intuiting a situation – not to her liking.
Classify the following units according to the type of word-formation:
holidate
walkie-talkie
M.P.
A-bomb
beaut
cop-shop
A.B.C.
helter-skelter
brunch
acquaintance
comfy
lab
NATO
N.Y.
zoo
admass
cahoots
planeteer
downwhen
para-diplomacy
rat-race
trainee
teenager
mish-mash
topsy-turvy
teach-in
one-of-affair
Supply the missing prefix to complete the word so that it becomes an opposite of the word alongside it. Provide the meanings of some Latin and Greek roots.
-
accelerate
benevolent
confident
encourage
euphony
exhibit
explicit
_____celerate
_____volent
_____fident
_____courage
_____phony
_____hibit
_____plicit
homogeneous
inculpate
malefactor
persist
persuade
philanthropist
progression
_____geneous
_____culpate
_____factor
_____sist
_____suade
_____anthropist
_____gression
Semantic structure of a word. Changes in semantic structures
Study the following topics and complete the assignments bellow. Provide the corresponding précis.
Semasiology:
functional and referential approaches;
meanings of a word: grammatical, lexical, denotative, connotative, stylistic, emotional;
semantic structure of a word;
lexical and grammatical meanings;
lexical meaning and its structure;
syntactical aspect of lexical meaning: syntagmatic and paradigmatic relations of a word;
meaning and context.
Polysemy:
causes of this phenomenon;
semantic structure of a polysemantic word;
polysemy and context;
lexico-semantic variant;
relations between lexico-semantic variants.
Methods of study of a semantic structure of a word:
distributional;
contextual (syntagmatic level);
componential;
substitution;
definition (paradigmatic level).
Changes in semantic structure of a word:
semantic changes and their causes;
types of semantic change: specialization, generalization, metaphor, metonymy, ellipsis, amelioration, pejoration, euphemy.
Homonymy:
the origin of homonyms;
classification of homonyms;
types of homonyms;
lexical variants.
Polysemy vs. Homonymy.