Lesson 6 Peace, Security, Detente.

SECTION 1

ACTIVE VOCABULARY.

1. détente

1. ослабление напряженности, разрядка

2. arms race 3. to set up to increase tension to whip up 4. international law 5. to commit oneself to do smth. to pledge to doing smth. 6. to claim 7. non-interference in smth. non-intervention 8. to recall smth. 9. to save smb. from smth. 10. unconditional 11. breach of principles law promise 12. irrespective of smth. 13. to justify smth. 14. inconsistent with 15. to urge smb. to do smth. 16. to adhere to the Charter 17. to observe the principles 18. to refrain from smth. 19. dispute over smth. 20. to endanger peace security justice 21. to intervene in smth. to interfere in smth. 22. self-determination 23. duty 24. obligations

2. гонка вооружений 3. нагнетать обстановку 4. международное право 5. обязываться делать что-то 6. предъявлять претензии 7. невмешательство во что-то 8. напоминать о чем-либо 9. избавлять, спасать кого-то от чего-то 10. безоговорочный 11. нарушение принципов законов обещаний 12. независимо от чего-либо 13. оправдывать что-либо 14. несовместимый с чем-либо 15. принуждать кого-то делать что-то 16. соблюдать Устав 17. соблюдать принципы 18. воздерживаться от чего-либо 19. спор из-за чего-либо 20. подвергать угрозе мир ставить под угрозу безопасность справедливость 21. вмешиваться во что-либо 22. самоопределение 23. обязанность, долг 24. обязательства

25. commitments 26. to seek smth. 27. to implement a resolution 28. to provide for smth. 29. exclusively 30. mediation 31. mediator 32. conciliation 33. flexible policy 34. to suppress acts of aggression 35. alliance 36. to eliminate 37. war hotbed 38. military base 39. nuclear weapons 40. weapons of mass destruction

25. приверженность, обязательства 26. добиваться, стремиться к чему-либо 27. выполнять резолюцию 28. предусматривать что-либо 29. исключительно 30. посредничество 31. посредник 32. примирение 33. гибкая политика 34. подавлять акты агрессии 35. союз 36. уничтожать 37. очаги войны 38. военная база 39. ядерное оружие 40. оружие массового поражения

Ex. 1 Translate the following sentences:

1. The peoples of the world urge an international disarmament conference to be held in the near future.

2. The world public demands that the treaty should be ratified as soon as possible.

3. The two countries were doing their best to make detente an irreversible process.

4. It is reasonable that the Conference on Security and Cooperation should be held at the highest level at any early date.

5. The sides discussed a proposal for a world disarmament conference.

6. Our main objective is the strengthening of world peace and security.

7. The relaxation of world tension is the main objective of all peace-loving forces.

8. The UN member states should fulfil the obligations assumed by them in accordance to the Charter.

9. All states should act in such a manner that the arm race is stopped.

10. International bodies should observe that international law is not violated.

SECTION 2

Перевод 'ing-forms'

Перевод предложений, содержащих 'ing-forms', зависит от функции этих форм в предложении.

'Ing- формы' могут быть:

1. Подлежащими и будут переводиться как существительные.

Setting up the UN was a long and rather complicated process.

Создание ООН было долгим и довольно сложным процессом.

2. Сказуемым, которое переводится сочетанием указательного местоимения "это" с существительным.

One of the main tasks of the UN is maintaining peace in the world.

Одна из главных задач ООН - это сохранение мира на земле.

3. Дополнением, которое будет переводиться существительным.

The two countries must advance as quickly as possible towards signing the agreement to reduce strategic arms.

Обе страны должны как можно быстрее подписать договор, ограничивающий стратегические вооружения.

4. Определением, которое будет переводиться причастием или причастным оборотом.

The two countries must sign the agreement reducing nuclear weapons.

Обе страны должны подписать договор, ограничивающий ядерные арсеналы.

5. Обстоятельством, которое переводится деепричастием или деепричастным оборотом, существительным с предлогом или придаточным предложением.

Accepting the Spanish king's invitation the President of Russia sent him a letter of gratitude.

Получив приглашение от короля Испании, Президент России отправил ему благодарственное письмо.

Having signed the agreement the heads of the delegations exchanged

speeches.

Подписав соглашение, главы делегаций выступили с ответными

речами.

When speaking at the meeting he supported the policy of the government.

В своем выступлении на встрече он поддержал политику правительства.

Ex.1 Translate the following sentences paving attention to "ing-forms"

1. Write to me naming the day of the arrival of the delegation.

2. A peaceful way of solving all disputable questions in the Middle East is welcomed.

3. Reconstructing the economy on market principles is the aim of Russia.

4. By signing the Final Act we have made our contribution to peace process.

5. On leaving Moscow the high guest thanked the Russian government for hospitality.

6. Trade can also serve making peace and confidence between people.

7. Placing nuclear power engineering under the effective public control is the key problem at the moment.

8. Establishing diplomatic relations with other countries we contribute to the strengthening of peace and security.

9. Having in mind the need to achieve a comprehensive peace settlement in the Middle East the President and the Chancellor discussed the latest developments in that region.

10. Having thoroughly reviewed economic questions the two sides agreed that mutually beneficial commercial links are an important element in relations between the two countries.

SECTION 3

Translate the following articles:

Madrid Meeting

The first stage of the Madrid meeting of the participants in the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe was held at the end of last year after a four week exchange of views on the implementation of the Final Act signed in Helsinki by 33 European countries as well as the United States and Canada.

Within the framework of this document the delegations submitted proposals for strengthening security, expanding cooperation, and carrying detente forward in the future.

Declaration on the Strengthening of International Security.

(Resolution adopted by the General Assembly)

(excerpts)

The General Assembly, recalling the determination of peoples of the United Nations to live together in peace with one another as good neighbours and to unite their strength to maintain International peace and security reaffirms the universal and unconditional validity of the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations as the basis of relations among states irrespective of their size, geographical location, level of development or political, economic and social systems and declares that the breach of these principles cannot be justified in any circumstances.

Calls upon all states to adhere strictly in their international relations to the purposes and principles of the Charter, including the principle that states shall refrain from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state.

Urges Member States to make full use of the means and methods for exclusively peaceful settlement of any dispute or any situation. Recognizes the need for effective, dynamic and flexible measures to prevent threats to peace, suppress acts of aggression or other breaches of peace.

Recommends that all states should contribute to the efforts to ensure peace and security for all nations and to establish an effective system of universal collective security without military alliance.

SECTION 4

Revision

Give Russian equivalents for the following word combinations:

1. to build

to maintain peace and security

to strengthen

to restore

to seek

to establish

to endanger

to threaten

to consolidate

2. to ensure

to establish a system of collective security and confidence to build

3. in accordance

in conformity with the UN Charter

in keeping

in line

4. to settle all disputes by peaceful means

in a peaceful way

through negotiations

4. the breach of international law

5. the threat or use of force

6. the interference in the domestic affairs of other states

7. to make urgent efforts

8. to observe

to implement the principles of the Resolution

to respect

to adhere to

10. not to justify the breach of principles

11. to condemn the violation of borders

12. to refrain from the breach of international law

13. to implement obligations

14. to save the world from nuclear war

15. to support the policy of detente

16. unconditional duty

17. to prevent the arms race

LESSON 7