Lesson 4 Talks, Discussions, Consultations

SECTION 1

ACTIVE VOCABULARY

1. loyalty to smth. 2. struggle 3. peaceful policy 4. peaceful coexistence 5. comprehensive programme 6. chief aim (purpose) 7. to win smth. 8. entry into an organisation a community a block 9. to dominate 10. private talks meetings 11. annual meetings 12. bi-annual consultations 13. protocol on smth. 14. confidence 15. to convince smb. of smth.

1. верность чему-либо 2. борьба 3. мирная политика 4. мирное сосуществование 5. комплексная программа 6. главная цель 7. добиваться чего-либо 8. вступление в организацию в сообщество в блок 9. доминировать, преобладать 10. конфиденциальные переговоры неофициальные встречи 11. ежегодные встречи 12. консультации, проходящие 2 раза в год 13. протокол о чем-то 14. доверие 15. убеждать кого-то в чем-то

16. to meet the interests 17. stable relations 18. understanding 19. to embrace smth. 20. to cause smth. 21. tension 22. measure 23. to conduct smth. 24. the conduct of smth. 25. to design smth. 26. on the basis of smth. 27. reciprocity 28. appropriate level 29. either side 30. summit 31. informal talks 32. a new round of talks 33. to negotiate with smb. for smth. 34. an exchange of views 35. in an atmosphere of mutual understanding 36. a matter of mutual interest

16. отвечать интересам 17. прочные отношения 18. договоренность, соглашение, согласие 19. охватывать что-то 20. вызывать что-то 21. напряженность 22. мера 23. проводить что-то 24. проведение чего-либо 25. предназначать что-то 26. на основе чего-либо 27. взаимность, взаимный обмен (услугами) 28. соответствующий уровень 29. любая из сторон 30. переговоры на высшем уровне 31. неофициальные переговоры 32. новый раунд переговоров 33. вести переговоры с кем-то о чем-то 34. обмен мнениями 35. в атмосфере взаимопонимания 36. вопрос, представляющий взаимный интерес

Ex. 1 Translate the following sentences:

1. During the talks the two sides expressed their readiness to expand Italian-Portuguese contacts and ties in every sphere of mutual interest in an effort to consolidate European security and promote peaceful cooperation among states.

2. The Austrian Chancellor said on his return from Moscow that his talks with Russian leaders had been especially valuable.

3. The talks which were conducted in a frank atmosphere centred on measures to intensify economic, scientific and technological cooperation.

4. Last year about 90 international scientific congresses, conferences and symposia were held in Europe.

5. During the talks special attention was paid to the situation in the Middle East.

6. Our purpose has been to follow a consistent policy of enhancing peaceful coexistence with all countries by developing treaty relations with them, covering various fields of state-to-state relations.

7. The Pentagon is at present making plans for the holding of joint exercises of the armed forces of the United States and Japan.

8. The joint committee had decided to intensify the studies of the new fields of cooperation.

9. The NATO countries are planning to carry out exercises in the Pacific off the coast of the Philippines.

10. The UN Special Committee on the Indian Ocean is planning a conference on implementation of the General Assembly's Declaration of the Indian Ocean as a zone of peace.

SECTION 2

Страдательный залог

Страдательный залог английского языка строится по схеме:

То be + III форма глагола

И может иметь следующий вид в предложении:

Simple Present				Simple Past			Simple Future
Am Is Are	held		Was Were			held	Will be held
Present Continuous				Present Perfect			Past Perfect
Am Is Are		being held		have has	been held		had been held

ёЕсли сказуемое выражено одним из этих вариантов, то его можно переводить следующими способами:

1. Возвратными глаголами с частицами "ся", "сь". The conference is being held in London now.

Сейчас в Лондоне проводится конференция.

The conference was held in London last month.

В прошлом месяце в Лондоне проводилась конференция.

2. Глаголом "быть" + краткое причастие

The conference will be held in London.

Конференция будет проведена в Лондоне.

3. Русское предложение начать с дополнения

The conference will be held in London.

Конференцию проведут в Лондоне.

4. Заменить страдательный залог на действительный

The conference will be held in London.

Конференция пройдет в Лондоне.

Как видно из примеров, способы перевода могут быть взаимозаменяемы.

5. Применяя лексический перевод, то есть, подбирая адекватные русские эквиваленты.

It has been estimated that about 2000 participants of the conference will arrive in London tomorrow.

По оценкам, завтра в Лондон на конференцию прибудут около двух тысяч делегатов.

Ex. 1. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the form of predicate. Give two or more variants if possible.

1. The Prime Minister of Malta was greeted at the airport by the Russian officials.

2. It was announced yesterday that the Foreign Minister of England had accepted the invitation to visit Russia in June.

3. The summit will be held in Moscow, the capital of Russia.

4. The draft agreement was developed by the Russian specialists.

5. The parliamentary delegation was warmly welcomed at the airport.

6. "The Russian Prime Minister is invited to visit India early in May this year", - the Kremlin spokesman said yesterday.

7. According to the Committee of State Construction about 150 projects are at present being built in Moscow by foreign workers.

8. Armenian nuclear power plant was shut down after the earthquake.

9. It was once said that freedom is the recognition of necessity.

10. Toxic wastes were found in the outskirts of Moscow.

SECTION 3

Translate the following articles:

POLISH-HUNGARIAN MEETING

Talks opened Tuesday in Budapest between the Polish Premier and the Prime Minister of Hungary. The two countries are discussing further expansion of their economic, scientific and technological cooperation. The Polish Foreign Minister is taking part in the Budapest talks.

RUSSIAN-BRITISH PROTOCOL ON CONSULTATIONS

The Russian Federation and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland desiring to strengthen mutual confidence and understanding between their two countries and being convinced that the consolidation of peaceful cooperative relations between Russia and the UK meets the interests of the people of both countries, believing that the development of stable friendly relations between them will help to strengthen relations of peaceful coexistence have reached the following understanding:

1. The RF and the UK will enlarge and deepen political consultations on important international problems of mutual interest and on questions of bilateral relations.

2. The consultations will embrace:

international questions causing tension in various parts of the world;

- measures to strengthen peace and security in Europe and to develop cooperation among the countries of the European continent; - questions of mutual interest which are the subject of discussion in international forums, including the United Nations;

- questions of a political, economic and cultural nature, environmental questions and other subjects, concerning relations between the two countries.

3. The consultations will be carried out on a basis of reciprocity at all appropriate levels and will have a regular character. Either side is free to recommend the holding of such consultations including the time and the level at which they should be held.

SECTION 4

Revision

Give Russian equivalents for the following word combinations:

1. last week's talks

2. this month's negotiations

3. loyalty to the principles of peaceful coexistence

4. to adopt a joint declaration

5. private consultations

6. current international problems

7. major issues

8. urgent matters

9. to arrive in Moscow for negotiations with

10. the chief aim is to develop contacts

11. a review of urgent international problems

12. to win the support

13. on the basis of mutual understanding

14. on the basis of reciprocity

15. consultations on measures to strengthen peace

16. negotiations on bilateral matters

17. consultations will embrace measures to develop cooperation

18. talks will embrace measures to consolidate peace

19. to promote the deepening of understanding

20. the conduct of such meetings is designed for may

21. mutual confidence between the two countries

22. stable relations between both countries

23. regular consultations on peace

24. bilateral contacts between Russia and the UK

25. peaceful coexistence among nations

26. all-round cooperation among the European states

27 stable relations among the UN members

28. n matter of mutual interest

29. the summit will be held

30. an exchange of views will take place