The London Underground
The city of London grew rapidly in 1800's. The streets of the city could not hold all the traffic. A young South African named Henry Greathead had a very simple idea. Why not build tunnels below the streets? Then trains could carry people through them.
Henry Greathead talked about subways for 20 years. But people who owned land in London said that they owned the streets as well as all the land under the streets. The landowners wanted to be paid for the use of this land. Then the Subway Act of 1884 was passed. This law declared that the streets and the land under them belonged to everyone. At last, Henry Greathead could build his subway tunnels.
Henry made working underground safer by using new ways to construct his tunnels. He also invented special tools for the job. Henry built two tubes, one on top of the other. Inside the tubes, electric engines pulled five-car trains. They could carry 160 passengers at 25 miles an hour. By 1890 the trains ran every three minutes. The subway was a great success.
The idea to build the underground appeared in the 18th century.
Henry Greathead was a famous English builder.
The first underground tunnels were built in 1820.
Going by the underground wasn't successful at first.
4. What is the difference between a return and a single ticket? Explain either in English or in Ukrainian.
Read and translate the dialogue and the text. At the hotel reserving a room
The secretary of the Russian Trade Delegation in London telephones the Tavistock Hotel1 to reserve a room for Mr. Kozlov.
Receptionist: Reception-desk. Tavistock Hotel. Good morning. Secretary: Good morning. This is the Russian Trade Delegation. We'd like to reserve a room for Mr. Kozlov for three nights2 from the 20th of October.
Receptionist: Mr. Kozlov. Could you tell me3 what accommodation Mr.Kozlov would like to have? Secretary: Yes, certainly. A single room with a private bath.
Receptionist: Just a minute. I'll see whether we have the accommodation available. Secretary: Thank you.
Receptionist: Yes, I can reserve a single room with a bath from the 20th of October, for three nights.
Secretary: Thank you. What's the charge?
Receptionist: Eight pounds tenpence4 a night5.
Secretary: Thank you. Good-bye.
Receptionist: Good-bye.
AT THE HOTEL
At about I o'clock in the afternoon Mister Kozlov arrived at the Tavistock Hotel. A hotel-porter took Kozlov's suitcase and showed him to the reception-desk. Kozlov told the receptionist that the Russian Trade Delegation had reserved a room in his name6 a few days before. The receptionist checked that and said that thеу could let him have a nice room on the third floor.7 After that the receptionist gave
Mister Kozlov a form and asked him to fill it in. Mister Kozlov wrote his name, address, nationality and ccupation on the form and gave it back. Then the porter took the key to Kozlov's room and they went to the lift. In a minute they were on the third floor. The porter unlocked the door, brought in the suit-case8 and asked if that was all. Kozlov thanked him, gave him a tip and the porter went out. Kozlov unpacked his suit-case and rang the bell for a chambermaid9 because he wanted to have his suit pressed.
Chambermaid: Good afternoon, sir. What can I do for you? Kozlov: Good afternoon. Could I have my jacket and trousers pressed?
Chambermaid: Very good, sir. I think I can do it right away.
Kozlov: Thank you. By the way, could I have an extra blanket? I'm
afraid I'll be cold at night as the weather is damp to-day. Chambermaid: I'll attend to it, sir. Kozlov: Thank you. I wonder if the restaurant is open now.
Chambermaid: Yes, sir. The restaurant serves breakfast from eight to ten,lunch from twelve to two thirty and dinner from six to eight. Kozlov: Thank you very much.
COMMENTARY
1. the Tavistock Hotel [ 'taevistok] — готель "Тавісток". Перед назвами готелів завжди вживається певний артикль. 2.... for three nights — ... на три|три| доби 3. Could you tell me ... — Не могли б ви сказати мені ... Could — форма минулого часу від дієслова сап — часто уживається в мові|промові| як ввічлива форма по відношенню до теперішнього часу.