9. Match the beginning of the sentences with their continuation:

   The need for a good, effective lookout … Some radar echoing areas can be very small and there is every prospect that … The good watchkeeper will remember that radar will not tell him … In thick fog we assume the radar and ARPA enable us to determine whether… An overreliance on radar and the common practice of proceeding at full speed in fog … The best watchkeepers find visual lookout … Good sea manners, a sound knowledge of the Rule of the Road and the importance of making your intentions clear … No matter who or what you are you must follow … Speed at sea must be judged … A watchkeeper who is alone, sitting down and doing nothing is more likely to fall asleep than one … Mistakes induced by fatigue can only be prevented by … If the compass bearing of the approaching vessel doesn’t appreciably change … Ordinary practice of seamen requires the …

   ___. … having adequate rest and proper sleep. ___. … standard agreed procedures and instructions. ___. … superior to radar. ___. … are contributing factors in many collisions. ___. … has never been so important. ___. … who is walking around the wheelhouse, getting fresh air and using all the navigational aids available to him. ___. … what the other vessel’s heading is. ___. … appropriate action to be taken in good time and in such a way that your intentions are clear to the other vessel. ___. … will do much to ensure a safe passage. ___. … certain small craft will not be detected until they are close. ___. … then risk of collision exists. ___. … a close quarters situation is developing or risk of collision exists. ___. … according to the conditions.

10. Self-assessment questions:

1. In what cases is hanging over the watch to another watchkeeper prohibited?

2. What are the main points requiring relieving officer’s attention at the moment of taking over the watch?

3. How does Master’s presence on the bridge influence the watchkeeper’s responsibility for the ship’s safety?

4. What kind of tests should be carried out during the watch and how frequently?

5. What knowledge should OOW always bear in mind?

6. What kind of aids require the watchkeeper’s particular attention?

7. In what circumstances shall Master be immediately notified by OOW?

8. What is officer’s on watch duty in regard to watchkeeping personal?

9. Requirements of what conventions should all watchkeepers comply with?

Unit 13 watchkeeping

1. Vocabulary. Study the following words and word combinations:

1. wheel [wi:l] =helm – штурвал

2. log book – вахтовий журнал

3. watertight integrity – водонепроникність

4. to rig pilot ladder – озброїти лоцманський трап

5. deployment [dI'plOImqnt] – використання

6. to plot – прокладати курс

7. alteration [ˏO:ltq'reIS(q)n] – зміна, змінення

8. accuracy ['xkjqrqsI] – точність

9. to summon ['sAmqn] – викликати

10. to impair [Im'pFq] – погіршувати, псувати, завдавати збитку

11. to be obliged [q'blaIGd] to – бути зобов’язаним

12. uninterrupted [ˏAnIntq'rAptId] – безперервний

13. to acquaint [q'kweInt] – знайомити, ознайомити, інформувати

14. appraisal [q'preIz(q)l] – оцінка

15. tedious ['ti:dIqs] – нудний, утомливий, тривалий

16. tiring – виснажливий

17. acknowledgement [qk'nOlIGmqnt] – підтвердження

18. countermand [ˏkauntq'mRnd] – відміняти розпорядження, наказ

19. to execute ['eksIkju:t] – виконувати

20. rudder indicator – аксіометр

21. pay off – відклонятися від курсу

22. answer the helm = respond to helm – слухатися руля

2. Read and translate the following text: General duties

Various duties are carried out by watchkeepers was either individually or as a bridge team. Experience has shown that the bridge becomes the operational centre for the watch period, with all relevant information and orders processed through it.

The deck log book is maintained on the bridge by the office of the watch (OOW), together with continual observation and supervision of the following items:

1. Watertight integrity of the hull, together with the opening and closing of watertight doors.

2. Fire watch, with continual observation of smoke detector systems.

3. Special cargo surveillance, as and when required.

4. Correct display of all lights and shapes.

5. Weather conditions affecting the ship and its course.

6. Routine working of the deck, inclusive of rigging pilot ladders, deployment of logs, organising boat and fire drills etc.

7. All emergencies affecting of the safety of the vessel.

Duties of the officer of the watch (oow)

He must supervise the efficient running of the watch and ensure the safe navigation of the vessel throughout the watch period, his main duty being to maintain a proper lookout whenever the vessel is at sea, regardless of other personnel engaged on a similar duty. His navigational duties include the regular checking of the ship’s course and the comparison of the gyroscopic compasses with the magnetic compass. The former should be checked by obtaining the compass error at least once to watch or on every alteration of the vessel’s course.

The position of the ship should be plotted at regular intervals. Depending on the circumstances, the time interval between separate positions will vary, especially when navigating in coastal waters.

The OOW should make full use of navigational aids such as echo-sounder, whenever possible to check navigational accuracy.

He should not hesitate to summon the Master at any time, day or night, should he require assistance. In any event the Master should be kept informed by the officer of the watch of all the movements and events affecting the vessel’s progress.